36 6 0 * 8 2016 11 JOURNALOFDESERTRESEARCH Vol.36 No.6 Nov.2016!"#$%&' 1,2, 1, 1, 1 (1.01 2 1,345678 9 :/; )* <=>? 0@,; AB730000;2.01C, D100049) 1 :E * C, FG,H)*IJK=L+MNO, H)* PQMNRS T KU VIW*X,Y ) 34 Z [E * \])* ^_`LaMN,bMN8c + 51.4cm *RS, MNa 02m ) 7.46~14.15m s -1, cmna 18~95min : ) E * )* 9 +, * R, )* + 30cm )* λ C 1, ) C C, E * HK= ) K= ) E * )* 0* *, ;* )H* H *,), * )* * \,Y E * * :E * ;H;)* ; ;34 23:1000 694X(2016)06 1503 09 45673:P931.3 犇犗犐 :10.7522/j.issn.1000 694X.2016.00144 89:;:A 0 E * C * 8.5%, * 0 C * T C 100m * * [1], * R 8.6% [2] Cooke [3],E * I* 0! *8 E * 200~300m, 500m [4] E * + ], ), C,,, I; + FG, * I *, )*+, 0 Y* )* N! *,"U * [5-8] * [9-12], YE * #$%& [13-15] E * ' C,H C, FG=, * # +)*MN, _ N ()N H)*,"*+,W*X Na -.$/, NCH H; * + R 01 Y%&, )*K=0, [16], E * H)*IJK= 2N* E * 3,E * 4 5*6 \]* 7 89 0, [17-18] TKY * *,Watson [19] : * \] *; # * ] *;,Thomas [20] `* \]*; E * * 6,4 *,8H ] ), \< = K=,> *68H 9?@A B 9B C;*6D a,e H ),*6\]),> ] \] A B [17] E * DFG) F,9 * #, GR FG@H) @, GRB 9E * IJK=3IJ #$%& A * + )* KLM * I,,NO+,Y ^ E * H)*K= I B :2016 10 08; :2016 11 11 ()*+: (41271023),-.: (1990 ),,!"#$%,&', ()*+, E mail:biankai15@mails.ucas.ac.cn /0,:-./(E mail:weiminzh@lzb.ac.cn)
1504 0 * 8 36 P D MNXQ RV,E * )* PQMNRSSTU S TKU V IW*XY Z [E * ) )* ^_`PQMN,V E * H)* H B,^ WXE * H)*K= 1 &' Y* Z) ; 34 5 km, * Z,ZZ* *[\ Y, Z]^ M, 0 _` ab c 2 C E * S N CE * Y*, Z [, 100m,A \ (5 ) (140 ) (250 ) 6;8 *6 `* E S WNW H EH,,H 25 ~32,H 386m,H ]0 + 4 SHH 15 ~30,H 266m WNW H ), H 20 ~30,H 209m( 1) TK2015 E * \]) *, Fryberger [21] * ) 4 3c) : )(SSE S SSW SW,90.6 VU) )(WSW W WNW NW,86.8VU) )(NNE NE ENE E,39.1VU) 2015 * 232.9VU, SFryberger [21] Y)K,E * 0)K, * 54.1,RDP/DP 0.38, F ) ( 1) WNW H N,H 26, 2.29Φ, * ;S H N H 18, 2.21Φ, * 1 NE * 2015 \ * Fig.1 Thestudiedstarduneanddriftpotentialof2015atthedunetop 2 &' < ) ) MN HOBO U30 : ( 2),) MN 20 50 100 150 200cm, ) 200cm,RS W 10s E * H)* MN U V,W*X, W*X ) 56)* L+MN0, MN $C [22-23] W*XA ] W* W* c,w* E ( 2) ] 40cm( ) 40cm( ) 30cm( ), Q,L W*XW * IMN Q 30cm 30cm, = 25kg,( 1g, T RS WQ WRS, 0.1s 60 min S 0RS Wa 10s W*Xb16 +, 10 W* O 7.5cm 2.5cm, 6 O 7.5cm 4.4cm,W*X W 51.4cm )* TK 1~3 W* LM^ 3 W*, 13 T)@$ W* W*, W* 8, W* W* A J 7 )LM
6 : ) 34 ZE * \])* MN 1505 2 )* N,W*X9 HOBOU30 : Fig.2 Thenewly developedsandtrapand HOBOU30weatherstation MN W*X ^* Y ), *, W* 9* L MN W*, (( 0.01g), ^_ * 0 W *X ) * W a 1h,W * 6.5kg *6O WNW H SH W* ( 1), 5~15m, * + B B ; 1~3cm, 20cm 20 cm,b W16 * W*X0 *6O* ^ _ I, G R GRADISTAT v8, Folk Ward [24] Wang [15] Zhang [17] : E * K=0 ` )* Na 2014 4 28 29, ) 216.2 ~278.1, ),9 40, a * ( 1) P QbN 8 c ) ( + 2 m, ) 7.46~14.15m s -1 ) )HH * RS =1 $% >?@ABCD 犜犪犫犾犲 1 犆犺犪狉犪犮狋犲狉犻狊狋犻犮狆犪狉犪犿犲狋犲狉狊狅犳狋犺犲犿犲犪狊狌狉犲犱狊犪狀犱犪狀犱犱狌狊狋狑犲犪狋犺犲狉 MN MN a /min 2m C ) /(m s -1 ) ) /( )2m ) /(m s -1 ) * /(g cm -2 min -1 ) 2015 04 28 28 9.57 278.1 7.46 1.21 2015 04 28 41 10.83 265.6 7.77 0.90 2015 04 29 95 16.12 264.5 9.03 1.25 2015 04 29 29 16.12 250.3 9.48 2.43 2015 04 29 37 14.61 257.0 10.86 5.09 2015 04 29 28 19.39 258.4 12.90 7.96 2015 04 29 39 18.13 216.2 12.96 8.36 2015 04 29 18 19.14 259.8 14.15 16.15 0,WNW H N 2c,SH N 6c 3 E 6 3.1 FDG H * a TK 7 *, + ) 78 ) * *<= [1] + 2m ) 9 * B K=" 3 X A 4, * 犙 2m ) 狏 RR,, : 犙 =0.0332e 0.43408 狏 (1) = JR 犚 2 =0.971,I@ a 3.2!EIAB 3.2.1 JK H W*X R, ) *, B 9 * ^_ 1 H MN ),E * )HH *
1506 0 * 8 36 3 MN ) 2m ) 9 * a B Fig.3 Variationofwindspeedattheheightof2mandsandtransportratesduringmeasuredperiodunderwesterlywind 4 E * )HH0~51.4cm * 2m ) B Fig.4 Variationoftotalsandtransportratewith theaveragewindspeedattheheightof2m RRB ( 5),GR 2 E * )HH)* 9 *+ [25], * R 9 [5]! "*8 * )H)* MN 3.2.2!EIABL )* W0 + # [26] 2m ) $ 7.77m s -1 a,90% * 10cm ;) C 9~13m s -1 a,10cm * % 5 H ) )* Fig.5 Thesandfluxprofilesunderdiferent averagewindspeedsattheheightof2m =2 MN OJK D 犜犪犫犾犲 2 犉犻狋犻狀犵犳狌狀犮狋犻狅狀狊狅犳狋犺犲狊犪狀犱狋狉犪狀狊狆狅狉狋狉犪狋犲 犮犺犪狀犵犲狑犻狋犺犺犲犻犵犺狋狌狀犱犲狉犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋狑犻狀犱狊狆犲犲犱狊 ) /(m s -1 ) 1 R I@JR( 犚 2) 7.46 狔 =0.6506e -0.2068 狏 0.993 7.77 狔 =0.4725e -0.2017 狏 0.995 9.03 狔 =0.6506e -0.2068 狏 0.990 9.48 狔 =0.3555e -0.1150 狏 0.999 10.86 狔 =0.8409e -0.1267 狏 0.987 12.90 狔 =1.5391e -0.1167 狏 0.989 12.96 狔 =1.9157e -0.0948 狏 0.931 14.15 狔 =2.9497e -0.0648 狏 0.931
6 : ) 34 ZE * \])* MN 1507 50%, 90% * W0 + 33.8cm, ) C C Bagnold [27] : * )* + 19cm #,& ' [26] PQMN, 90% * + 30cm #, W0 0~10cm ( 80%) [28] Y ()_ *8H * )*,+ 10 cm * MN * 80%~ 95%,0~20cm * * 98% )* + = K = [29] &' [26] λ )*,λ9+ = )* IJ :1λM 1 a,)*, * = ;2λ <1a,)* #K=0 + +,, * - = ;3λ>1a, $C *.J, *2/ a0 *+ ^ S 0W*X 2.5cm, S&')* λ,, )* λ P λ= 犙 0-2.5cm/ 犙 5-25cm (2) =3 MN P!EIABL,0: 犙 0-2.5cm 0~2.5cm * ; 犙 5-25cm 5~ 25cm * A 3 1,2m ) 7.77m s -1 a,λ<1, E * )HH = ;2m ) 9m s -1 a,λ>1, E * )HH ) S * #, 0~5 cm + )*,5~10cm 0,10~51.4cm ( 3) E * H)* 0, 5) C * A60% 30% ;0 * S 24%,B HC; * A10% 50% 2 [29] H ), 0~1cm * ) C,0 1~2 cm * HB, 2~10cm * ) C ;34 [30] 5 6 [31] * 7 # 8,0 9B, )* λ ) C, : )J *,)* H; 犜犪犫犾犲 3 犛犪狀犱狋狉犪狀狊狆狅狉狋狆犲狉犮犲狀狋犪犵犲狊狅犳犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犾犪狔犲狉狊犪狀犱狋犺犲犮犺犪狉犪犮狋犲狉犻狊狋犻犮狏犪犾狌犲狊狅犳狊犪狀犱犳犾狌狓狆狉狅犳犻犾犲狊 ) /(m s -1 ) 7.46 7.77 9.03 9.48 10.86 12.90 12.96 14.15 * /% (0~5cm) 67.09 66.19 41.64 46.06 45.25 37.05 31.55 28.14 0 (5~10cm) 23.15 24.57 21.56 24.09 25.50 20.68 23.55 23.29 (10~51.4cm) 9.76 9.24 36.79 29.85 29.26 42.27 44.90 48.57 (λ) 0.79 0.84 1.99 1.80 2.07 2.40 4.07 3.97 * 7 R B Y 50% 7 R,9* + JI, ` * [32] * 7 # B RR, 犚 2 >0.95, TK1 = H ), Y<=IJ^_R1, " 6 X MN )* 0* 2~9cm, 9) 'I,) $ a, * KJ$,* I $$, ] * 7 #$C;) Ca, >* K, *?@A CBCJ, 6 * 9) IJ, ] * 7 # Dong [32],* ), 22cm Fig.6 Therelationshipbetweentheaverage saltationheightofsandgrainsandwind speedattheheightof2m
1508 0 * 8 36 3.3!QKCDRSTU )* LB DZ ; I,Y:E* I )* P [33-34]? ) 9.03 10.86 12.96 14.15m s -1 W 4cW*X * ^_ ( 7) MN)* A * 0* *, 0~51.4cm )* * W0 2~3.32Φ *, 0 0 *# 55.5%~80.5%,0* 13.5%~42.2%, *2.0%~9.5% 0* 8 * SHB * 8 ;9 [35] $FT *8 MN)* 00* * *7 7 0* * * B Fig.7 Thepercentagesofmedium,fineandveryfinesandchangingwithheight B S H ) 犕 z B 8 9 G,) 10m s -1 a, S B, ) 10m s -1 a)* H+ *,) C 10m s -1 a, ( 8),9 * I, )J H * I )J EH, EH * B, 9 Chen [36] Arens [37] MN E * H)*?JR0.37~0.51, S Folk Ward?JR [38],C]?$C K;,?JR C,?@BG 8 犛犓 -0.19~0.30, Y K ) $$a SH B B, ) $Ca LMIN8 C, Y O B, 12.96m s -1 ) B )* 犓 gc] 0.78~1.57, $,) C 10m s -1 a BC8, $ B 8 3.4 VWQKTUXY E * D ) F, GR# * FG9H) * B * 9)Jb ', Y,* c ;D,, = ) F *6 [17],)JY $C,) I$,) @ K + )* @ 'P 9 1, ), *6-0*+, <, 0.83Φ;WNW H 1.34Φ, 0*,SH 0.63~1.52Φ, H 0*, H *?9 $C 'I,
6 : ) 34 ZE * \])* MN 1509 8 GR B Fig.8 Variationofgrainsizeparameterswithheight * 0 *, > `+, 0* TU, * # \ < X Q, F* ) ) > ) \=, E * \] * Y ' 4 E ) 34 Z [E * \2 9 *6O GRB Fig.9 Grainsizeparametersindiferentlocations ofthecrosssectionofwestarm σ 0.63~1.20,H\?$G,8H?0 $C 犛犓 -0.51~0.48, - 犓 g 0.73~1.16, K ) Q *6C] -0*+, * 9-0*+R@?@A K, 56) * @ * TKYH CS, `* < *TU,C] * J H ) I> + * VI W,Y+ * $?,) m ) 9 * RRIJ \ )* 9 + )* S, * R 90% * W0 + 30cm 2m ) $ 7.77m s -1 a,λ<1,) C 9.03m s -1 a, λ>1;* H ) K= )* *, 0* 8, * SHB, * 8 ))* Y*?, 0* TU, * # \<, > \ * ' LTKPQ)* N,Y ) 3 4 ZE * )HH)* `,N E * H)*K=, ^ Y ) H H)* K=^_
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