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1 JOURNALOFDESERT RESEARCH Vol.31 No.5 Sep.2011 : X(2011) ,2, 1, 3, 4 ( , ;2. 2 2,:; ;3. <=>?@, <=> ;4.ABC,DE ) ) *:? FG HIJKLI E,MNO,-, + PQ RSTUVW= XY?,Y )* Z[\]S ^ _ ` a ) * = b c 4 Y )* Z P _P :,Y )* F B ;Y E,M0 [ + ;,- Y Z C T: O ;) ; Y Z ;Y Z, Y? C ( Y?,Y?,-./ +,-:,-./; ; ; ;Y ;?./01:Q948.1 :A? FG HIJKLI E,MN O,- ` G (Savana),T? +, - [1-3] X,? + PQ RS W= ^,-? +,T Z,- [4] JY HI )? 4C [5-6], 100aX B [7], + [8]! Y? T7," #$% &6 [9],Y )* Z[\']S ^_ `, ()*> +,>,Y )* [-.,/ 01 [10]? Y (J?Y ) Z c., 2 3.4, 5,-./ : Y )*,F B 9:; [11] 6 C: 4m 4m < BC B D B,OE D B < [10] I J,K V5m 5m L6 [ Y?@, Y B B,OE B ( T B), B 9:; [11] PA[P U$, Q RY )*,a B( B,S) )* Tc Y T T U V W B X Y [12],Y UVW B, V3~5 [13] 6! Y,! Y 71.4%, )*O Z )*O,M)* [H! Clark [14] 6I\ # ]! ^ _ 62.15%,`a)* bc PA,C 30% [!, 70%! 5, 5 3, 1! C X,M)*O -.4,Clark [14] O! M) O Y PQ, Y )* / 01 [15] R [!"#$: ;%&#$: ' : ( ) ( )!" (:#$(1982 ),%,&',, ()* +,-./ [email protected] 01 : ( [email protected])

2 5 # $ :? Y a Z 1227 Y )* PQ,PA, &6 # $Y ZS ` < [10] [ Y )*?@, BC C,)*/, Y BC :,)*/ 01 S P A Y ) * Z ] S < [10] Y [ R + PA,B _, 60%JO + U F U,)* [ M) 5 I [16] T I E, M P [17], P / D D D ) Z [18] P C: I E, M C,` [ + [ 7TIEQ P C:,,M ) [Z [19] `M, + 6 II,M5,53 _ KM) P C: `M,6 +?Y )*53 ^ 1.2 2; _ G [20-22]? Y ) * E [, T [23] Y E, M 3, 0~20cm - E,M,Y a20cm J, ]J ( 4 m /) S Y E, M 0 [ +, BO,Y ]J [H 11 m, Y T5.5 m Y O C,S Tc V,-, -6, O [24-25] S Y ) Z67Z 7 E,M, E,M) Y ) QT S M) " S M), ^_, M) M) S U KY )* Z, c +.. L <=,- Y Z R Y?? 50m /[,- B C I,, - 60% ~ 70%5) _,,- [ J )! "V,,- ) # $% Y ) OE5 6 [26],( C&',Y ) ( " A T, -,Y ) % V,` M,L, - Y ) * Z ( ) [15] * + R + Y Z ),- c Y Z T, - [27]. /01 1 4) Y BC?@,PA, Y BC Z 3) 1m 9, 3) Q1.5m J,a Y BC 5c,,B C S P X Y [12] U$, O 30cm, 1, O 15cm 9, 2 60cm [,, Y BC 3! S ) Y BC 4C 1 /. Y BC 1 /. Y BC 20cm 5 R &6, O1. 6I 4: 1 A.,- ( [ 30%), _,`M,,- [ _ S _, 1 /,- 60%JO,7J,- B' T20cm 8?U)]S. 1 / %9: C 1 % 9:,Y. 1 / ; T%9: I, _ U [ Y B C W,*+R Y )* Z,S) _0 %9 [15],,- Y )* ZT 6,,- S V,1,-,) 1 V Z[S6,- 4 1 S Y )* Z c,m ) BC TU [28-30]

3 ,S Y ) BC QT^_,S,M)* Z W=,53< S >1?@? Y Z C [15] =>[ 3)?LV, Y I? PQ PA,@ Y?LV O )? ] 141 m -2 ; Y?LV )? 100 m -2 ; Y?LV )? 4 m -2 [ Y BC Z, A B O? Y B? 18 m -2, T m -2 M, Y ^ 8B, C B O 8BOC JOPA, Y )*, # < ^,Y )* Z; ADE,Y )* ZW]J [9] <=>?@, E TB BC Y?,,Y BCI 8~18 m -2, 18~ 30cm, 0.1~0.4cm [13]?@R Y BCI, Y B C/2? 288 m -2, /2 9.8cm;, Y ), T,Y ]S]Ja Z ], X? Y Z$% C O F O [9] <=>?Y, 7a, Y B C27680 hm -2,[ 3 m -2,4: 5 8~18 m -2 2 A2BC DE 2.1 ( C,# $ C [31], 2050 C ] S 1.0~ 1.5, : _ < 5%~10% [32], 4 C ;! F!G, < HIJ Q K [33-35]?Y B,- L M N J O [36], F 5?Y B; C [2], ]S #$?Y B T7 S) 5, UV O R M) %9F X M) B T U [37-39] Y? HI ) U,( M) B M \ G `M, JK?Y M?Y Z ( S ([ ]J M). 4, A]J*+M) FG HIJ,-./ P,- 01 Q R,,TT 6 P), ],-./,S STK R UA! 'VW U, PX? [ 01 [40] [,Y O : [9] P,-01VW U, + L-,- +? Y?]SO,-./ Z ( X HL P- L- + ] 8./,-./67R Z [41],` Z R\ UA [42] [\S), +,- Y? T ] S O, -. / Z ( Y?,-./Z (. O _4]J : 1)* "V Y?- + ^[8], ( [43],* ]S"V[ [44] `M,,* "V <^_ Y?, -, " V O _ `?,ab * "V 5,_c [KV 2)Y )* Z )* Z ]J *+ Z ` JK )` 7 )* Z,S Y?,-./T^_ Y ) * Z K,M [45-46], _ %

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