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1 JOURNALOFDESERT RESEARCH Vol.31 No.5 Sep.2011 : X(2011) ,2, 1, 3, 4 ( , ;2. 2 2,:; ;3. <=>?@, <=> ;4.ABC,DE ) ) *:? FG HIJKLI E,MNO,-, + PQ RSTUVW= XY?,Y )* Z[\]S ^ _ ` a ) * = b c 4 Y )* Z P _P :,Y )* F B ;Y E,M0 [ + ;,- Y Z C T: O ;) ; Y Z ;Y Z, Y? C ( Y?,Y?,-./ +,-:,-./; ; ; ;Y ;?./01:Q948.1 :A? FG HIJKLI E,MN O,- ` G (Savana),T? +, - [1-3] X,? + PQ RS W= ^,-? +,T Z,- [4] JY HI )? 4C [5-6], 100aX B [7], + [8]! Y? T7," #$% &6 [9],Y )* Z[\']S ^_ `, ()*> +,>,Y )* [-.,/ 01 [10]? Y (J?Y ) Z c., 2 3.4, 5,-./ : Y )*,F B 9:; [11] 6 C: 4m 4m < BC B D B,OE D B < [10] I J,K V5m 5m L6 [ Y?@, Y B B,OE B ( T B), B 9:; [11] PA[P U$, Q RY )*,a B( B,S) )* Tc Y T T U V W B X Y [12],Y UVW B, V3~5 [13] 6! Y,! Y 71.4%, )*O Z )*O,M)* [H! Clark [14] 6I\ # ]! ^ _ 62.15%,`a)* bc PA,C 30% [!, 70%! 5, 5 3, 1! C X,M)*O -.4,Clark [14] O! M) O Y PQ, Y )* / 01 [15] R [!"#$: ;%&#$: ' : ( ) ( )!" (:#$(1982 ),%,&',, ()* +,-./ tangyi@iae.ac.cn 01 : ( Jiangdeming@iae.ac.cn)

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4 5 # $ :? Y a Z ) ) ) BC 3)Y? -.] + C Y? : Y? L - +?S,-./ Z T^_, X T4] _4]S _ " M. -)*. KL ( 犚犲犳犲狉犲狀犮犲狊 ): [1] b.,-[m].:;:,1980. [2], /. + [M].:;:,2000:24-36 [3],.,M.[M].:;:,1995: [4] &,. G + =b O `[J]. + O,2007,26(4): [5]. < O [J]..,1989,9 (4): [6] /&,, Q,.HIJ +? [J].,1997,17(4): [7].a & J : c. [M].:;:,2005: [8].?[M].:;:?,1984. [9]. <?,-./. [D]. =: C,2004. [10] <. Y?Y ) * = b [D]. =: C,2008. [11] 9:;,,,. < Y? M) KHI) [J].!,2005,19 (4): [12] X Y,.? + [M].:;:?,1998: [13],,,. C:PQ ) [14] ClarkPJ,EvansFC.Onsomeaspectsofspatialpaterninbi ologicalpopulations[j].science,1955,121: [15],,,. Y? [J].,M +,2003,27(6): [16] DeeveyES.Lifetablesfornaturalpopulationsofanimals[J]. QuarterlyReviewofBiology,1947,22: [17] ArmestoJJ,DiazI,PapicC,etal.Seedrainoffleshyanddry propagulesindiferenthabitatsinthetemperaterainforestsof ChiloéIsland,Chile[J].AustralEcology,2001,26: [18] C.,M + [M].: ;:,2004: [19] MolauU,LarssonEL.Seedrainandseedbankalonganal pinealtitudinalgradientinswedish Lapland[J].Canadian JournalofBotany,2000,78: [20] HigginsSI,BondWJ,TrolopeWSW.Fire,resproutingand variability:arecipeforgrass treecoexistenceinsavanna[j]. JournalofEcology,2000,88: [21] RiginosC,YoungTP.Positiveandnegativeefectsofgrass, catle,andwildherbivoresonacaciasaplingsinaneastafri cansavanna[j].oecologia,2007,153: [22] ScheiterS,HigginsSI.Partitioningofrootandshootcompeti tionandthestabilityofsavannas[j].american Naturalist, 2007,170: [23],,?,. Y B=bK M [J].!,2002,16(4): [24] AguileraM O,Lauenroth W K.Influenceofgapdisturbances andtypeofmicrositeonseedlingestablishmentin 犅狅狌狋犲犾狅狌犪犵狉犪犮犻犾犻狊 [J].JournalofEcology,1995,83: [25],,. ) C, [J].,2008,25(2): [26],,. > Y U T? ) [J].? 2 ( ), 1997,19(1): [27],-,. ) Y a ZBC [J]. +,2004,24(9): [28] /,, O,. ),M) BC % [J].5 6 +,2004,15(10): [29] Y, O/,,. ) BC [J].56 +,2007,18(11): [30] Zhao W Z,LiQ Y,Fang H Y.Efectsofsandburialdisturb anceonseedlinggrowthof 犖犻狋狉犪狉犻犪狊狆犺犪犲狉狅犮犪狉狆犪 [J].Plant andsoil,2007,295: [31].H I J _, M 5 [D].:;: 2,2001. [32],,,,.L5?L5 [J]. + O,1996,15(5): [33], O, OT,. < R +. /[M].:;:,2004: [34]?,,,.!40a : K % c J < [J].,2000,20( ):1-6. [35] X:, /.HIJ 5 [J].!,2004,18(1): [36] Z5., - [J].,1993,(2): [37],,X 5,.. B [J].?,1995,31(5): [38] AraujoM B,PearsonRG,ThuilerW,etal.Validationofspe cies climateimpact modelsunderclimatechange[j].global ChangeBiology,2005,11: [39] SykesM T,PrenticeIC.Climatechange,treespeciesdistribu tionsandforestdynamics:acasestudyinthemixedconifer/ northernhardwoodszoneofnorthern Europe[J].Climate Change,1996,34: [40],,,.X P?01 _= b[j].56 +,2004,15(12):

5 [41] /./ 56[D].:;: 2,2004. [42] NormileD.Getingattherootsofkilerduststorms[J].Sci ence,2007,317: [43] PicketST A,ColinsSL,ArmestoJJ.Models,mechanisms andpathwaysofsuccession[j].botanicalreview,1987,53: [44] Laycock W A.Stablestatesandthresholdsofrangecondition onnorth Americanrangeland:A viewpoint[j].journalof RangeManagement,1991,44: [45] &,,,.) [J]. + O,2007,26(10): [46],?, a.r, M ) [J].,2005,25(1): 犃犚犲狏犻犲狑狅狀犈犾犿犖犪狋狌狉犪犾犚犲犵犲狀犲狉犪狋犻狅狀犻狀犠狅狅犱犾犪狀犱犛狋犲狆狆犲犻狀犛犪狀犱狔犔犪狀犱 1 牞犜犃犖犌犢犻牞犑犐犃犖犌犇犲犿犻狀犵牞犆犎犈犖犡狌犲犳犲狀犵牞犜犗犛犎犐犗犗狊犺犻犱犪牗 1 牣犐狀狊狋犻狋狌狋犲狅犳犃狆狆犾犻犲犱犈犮狅犾狅犵狔牞犆犺犻狀犲狊犲犃犮犪犱犲犿狔狅犳犛犮犻犲狀犮犲狊牞犛犺犲狀狔犪狀犵牞犆犺犻狀犪牷 2 牣犌狉犪犱狌犪狋犲犝狀犻狏犲狉狊犻狋狔狅犳犆犺犻狀犲狊犲犃犮犪犱犲犿狔狅犳犛犮犻犲狀犮犲狊牞犅犲犻犼犻狀犵牞犆犺犻狀犪牷 3 牣犠犲狀犵狀犻狌狋犲犅犪狀狀犲狉犉狅狉犲狊狋狉狔犅狌狉犲犪狌牞犠犲狀犵狀犻狌狋犲犅犪狀狀犲狉牞犐狀狀犲狉犕狅狀犵狅犾犻犪牞犆犺犻狀犪牷 4 牣犃狕犪犫狌犝狀犻狏犲狉狊犻狋狔牞犛犪犵犪犿犻犺犪狉犪牞犑犪狆犪狀牘犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋牶犈犾犿狑狅狅犱犾犪狀犱狊狋犲狆狆犲犮狅狀狊犻狊狋狊狅犳狊狆犪狉狊犲狋狉犲犲牞狊犺狉狌犫牞犪狀犱犺犲狉犫犪犵犲牣犜犺犻狊狏犲犵犲狋犪狋犻狅狀狋狔狆犲犺犪狊狌狀犻狇狌犲狀犲狊狊犻狀犲犮狅狊狔狊狋犲犿狊狋狉狌犮狋狌狉犲犪狀犱犳狌狀犮狋犻狅狀牣犜犺犲犪狉犲犪狅犳犲犾犿狑狅狅犱犾犪狀犱狊狋犲狆狆犲犻狊犱犲犮狉犲犪狊犻狀犵狉犲犮犲狀狋犾狔犻狀犆犺犻狀犪牞犪狀犱犾犪犮犽狅犳犲犾犿狀犪狋狌狉犪犾狉犲犵犲狀犲狉犪狋犻狅狀犿犻犵犺狋犫犲狋犺犲犽犲狔狉犲犪狊狅狀牣犜犺犲犾犻狋犲狉犪狋狌狉犲狅犳犲犾犿狀犪狋狌狉犪犾狉犲犵犲狀犲狉犪狋犻狅狀狑犪狊狉犲狏犻犲狑犲犱犻狀狋犺犻狊狆犪狆犲狉牞犳狅犮狌狊犻狀犵狅狀狆狅狆狌犾犪狋犻狅狀犮犺犪狉犪犮狋犲狉犻狊狋犻犮狊牞狋狉犲犲犵狉犪狊狊狉犲犾犪狋犻狅狀牞犿犻犮狉狅犺犪犫犻狋犪狋犪狀犱犺狌犿犪狀犪犮狋犻狏犻狋狔牣犕犪犻狀犮狅狀犮犾狌狊犻狅狀狊犪狉犲犪狊犳狅犾狅狑狊牶犛狆犪狋犻犪犾犱犻狊狋狉犻犫狌狋犻狅狀狅犳犲犾犿狆狅狆狌犾犪狋犻狅狀犱犲狏犲犾狅狆狊犳狉狅犿犪犵犵狉犲犵犪狋犲犱狋狅狉犪狀犱狅犿狑犻狋犺犪犵犲犵狉狅狑狋犺牷犲犾犿犪狀犱犺犲狉犫犪犵犲犮狅犲狓犻狊狋狊犫犪狊犲犱狅狀犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犻犪狋犻狅狀狀犻犮犺犲牷狏犲犵犲狋犪狋犻狅狀犮狅狏犲狉犪犵犲牞犿犻犮狉狅犺犪犫犻狋犪狋牞犺狌犿犪狀犪犮狋犻狏犻狋狔犪狀犱犲狀犮犾狅狊狌狉犲犪犾犻狀犳犾狌犲狀犮犲犲犾犿狉犲犵犲狀犲狉犪狋犻狅狀犵狉犲犪狋犾狔牣犛狅犿犲狆狅狋犲狀狋犻犪犾犺狅狋犻狊狊狌犲狊犻狀犮犾狌犱犲狆犪犻狉犱犻狊狋狉犻犫狌狋犻狅狀狅犳犲犾犿狆犾犪狀狋狊牞犲犾犿狊犲犲犱狊犻狀狏犪犱犻狀犵犻狀狋狅犵狉犪狊狊犵犪狆牞犲犳犲犮狋狊狅犳狑犻狀犱犲狉狅狊犻狅狀犪狀犱狊犪狀犱犫狌狉狔犻狀犵狅狀犲犾犿狉犲犵犲狀犲狉犪狋犻狅狀犪狀犱狋犺犲犫犲狊狋狆犲狉犻狅犱狅犳犲狀犮犾狅狊狌狉犲犳狅狉犲犾犿狉犲犵犲狀犲狉犪狋犻狅狀牣犐狀狋犺犲犲狀犱牞狋狑狅犽犲狔狉犲狊犲犪狉犮犺犱犻狉犲犮狋犻狅狀狊犪狉犲犫狉狅狌犵犺狋犳狅狉狑犪狉犱牶狉犲犾犪狋犻狅狀狅犳犲犾犿狑狅狅犱犾犪狀犱狊狋犲狆狆犲狑犻狋犺犵犾狅犫犲犮犾犻犿犪狋犲犮犺犪狀犵犲牞犪狀犱狉犲犾犪狋犻狅狀狅犳犲犾犿狑狅狅犱犾犪狀犱狊狋犲狆狆犲狑犻狋犺狏犲犵犲狋犪狋犻狅狀狉犲狊狋狅狉犪狋犻狅狀犻狀狊犪狀犱狔犾犪狀犱牣犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊牶狏犲犵犲狋犪狋犻狅狀狉犲狊狋狅狉犪狋犻狅狀牷犺狌犿犪狀犪犮狋犻狏犻狋狔牷犫犾狅狑狀狊犪狀犱犪犮狋犻狏犻狋狔牷犮犾犻犿犪狋犲犮犺犪狀犵犲牷犲犾犿牷狑狅狅犱犾犪狀犱狊狋犲狆狆犲

BuletinofSoiland WaterConservation Vol.38,No.3 Jun.,2018 & X R( + 1, 1, < 1,=> 3 (1. E^ IFTU ^,NO ; 2.NO\ ^,NO ;3.NO B`a -

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