1.1 1.1.1 4 1 A B CTCP/IP DWeb 4 ARPANET 20 60 TCP/IP 1972 Web 1989 C D 2 AARPANET BTCP/IP CDNSE-mailFTPTELNETBBS DP2P 20 60 ARPANET ARPANET TCP/IP DNSE-mailFTPTELNETBBS P2P 2000 D 3 e? e? h? h? h? h? h? h? e??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee? e??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee???????????ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee???ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee??ee? g g g g g g 1 V{tÑàxÜD
A BIEEE COSI DTCP/IP OSI 20 70 20 70 ISO OSI ISO IEEE IEEE 802 B ISOIEEE B 4 A B C DP2P Internet 2 B 1.1.2 3 1 ARPANET-TCP/IP-Internet AARPANET Client/Server B C DP2P 3 ARPANET-TCP/IP-Internet 1 2
1 ARPANET 2 / C/S P2P 3 4TCP/IP 2 3 Client/Server ARPANET TCP/IP A 2 A802.16 B802.11 C D 1 802.11 802.16 2 3 4 802.11 Ad hoc B WLAN B 3 A B C TCP/IP D 1 2 3
3 4 5 TCP/IP TCP/IP CD 4 A B C D 1 2 3 4 A A A 5 D=1000km 210 8 m/s 1 4
5 1 110 7 bit 100kbps 2 110 3 bit 1Gbps 1 1-1 100kbps 110 5 bit 110 6 bit 10s = / = N/S N S =N/S 1-1 2 1-2 310 8 m/s 2/3 D V D D/V = / = D/V V=210 8 m/s D =D/V 1-2 1 T t1 =110 7 /110 5 =100s T c1 =110 6 /210 8 =510 3 s=5ms 2 T t2 =110 3 /110 9 =110 6 s=1µs T c2 =110 6 /210 8 =510 3 s=5ms 1 110 7 bit 100kbps 100s 2 110 3 bit 1Gbps 1µs 3 5 ms 6 2.310 8 m/s 1 10cm 2 100m 3 100km 4 5000km
6 1 1Mbps10Gbps 1 1-3 D V T c =D/V n 3 2 1 =N/S =D/V 1-3 2 S T c n n=sd/v 1-1 3 S 1 D 1 =0.1m S 1 =1Mbps T c1 =0.1/2.310 8 4.3510 10 s n=110 6 4.3510 10 =4.3510 4 bit S 1 =10Gbps T c1 =0.1/2.310 8 4.3510 10 s n=110 10 4.3510 10 =4.35bit 2 D 2 =100m S 2 =1Mbps T c2 =100/2.310 8 4.3510 7 s n=110 6 4.3510 7 =0.435bit S 2 =10Gbps T c2 =100/2.310 8 4.3510 7 s n=110 10 4.3510 7 =4.3510 3 bit 3 D 3 =100km S 3 =1Mbps T c3 =110 5 /2.310 8 4.3510 4 s n=110 6 4.3510 4 =4.3510 2 bit S 3 =10Gbps T c3 =110 5 /2.310 8 4.3510 4 s n=110 10 4.3510 4 =4.3510 6 bit 4 D 4 =5000km
7 S 4 =1Mbps T c4 =510 6 /2.310 8 2.1710 2 s n=110 6 2.1710 2 =2.1710 4 bit S 4 =10Gbps T c4 =510 6 /2.310 8 2.1710 2 s n=110 10 2.1710 2 =2.1710 8 bit 1-1 1-1 s =1Mbps =10Gbps 0.1m 4.3510 10 4.3510 4 4.35 100m 4.3510 7 0.435 4.3510 3 100km 4.3510 4 4.3510 2 4.3510 6 5000km 2.1710 2 2.1710 4 2.1710 8 7 1 Lbit 2 k 3 ds 4 bbps 5 ss 6 pbit 7 1 1-4 T 1 = + + =ss Lbit t bbps 1-4 L/bs ds k dk s
8 1 T 1 =s+l/b + dk 1-2 2 1-5 T 2 = + L p n=l/p n bbps pbit t=p/bs n n t =(p / b ) (L/p)=L/bs k t k 1 1-5 (k 1)p/bs ds k dks T 2 = (k 1)p/b+L/b+dk 1-3 T 2 T 1 1-2 1-3 (k 1)p/bs (k 1)p/b+L/b+dks+L/b+dk (k 1)p/bs 8 1 L 2 p+h p h 3 p 1 1-6 2 L p+h p h 1-6 k bbps p h
9 3 1-3 d=0 L=p+h L p n=l/p bbps p+h t=(p+h)/bs n n t=(p+h)/b (L/p) k k 1 (k 1)(p+h)/b T=(p+h)/b(L/p)+(k 1)(p+h)/b 1-4 1-4 T p T'(p)= (L h /bp 2 )+(k 1)/b 1-5 T'(p)=0 (L h/bp 2 )+(k 1)/b=0 p=(lh/(k 1)) 1/2 p=(lh/(k 1)) 1/2 T 9 ARPANET AARPANET B IMP C IMP DIMP 1008 ARPANET ARPANET ARPANET ARPANET 1ARPANET 2 Interface Message ProcessorIMP 56Kbps 3 IMP IMP 4 IMP IMP 1008 5 C IMP IMP
IMP IMP C 1.1.3 1 A B C D 1 3 2 3 3 A D AD 2 A B C D 1 2 3 D 1 10
D 3 A B IP C D 1 2 3 4 5 Ethernet Token Ring TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP B B 1.1.4 1 A B C D 1 2 3 4 11
D D 2 A B C D 1 5 2 3 4 5 6 CSMA/CD C C 1.1.5 1 A B C D 802.3 1 12
13 1 2 3 4 802.3 802.11 802.16 PSDN CATV Ad hoc WSN 5 D 1.1.6 1 A 3 B C D 1 2 3 B C B C 2 A B C D
layer 1 2 3 4 D D 3 A B C D 1 2 3 4 A 4 A B C D 1 2 1 14
3 4 A A 5 OSI A B OSI COSI DOSI OSI OSI 1OSI OSI 2OSI 3OSI 4OSI 5OSI 6OSI OSI C OSI C 6 OSI A B C D OSI OSI 1 2 3 15
4 end-to-end 5 point-to-point 6 7 B B 7 OSI A data B packet C message D frame OSI OSI 1 A data 2 3 4 message 5 packet 6 frame 7 bit B C BC 8 TCP/IP A B C ISP D TCP/IP TCP/IP 1 16
1TCP/IP 2TCP/IP 3TCP/IP 4TCP/IP TCP/IP 5TCP/IP C 4 IP ISP IP ISP ISP IP TCP/IP C 9 TCP/IP ATCP/IP OSI BTCP/IP OSI CTCP/IP OSI DTCP/IP OSI TCP/IP TCP/IP 1TCP/IP 4 2TCP/IP OSI 3TCP/IP OSI 4TCP/IP OSI 5TCP/IP OSI A TCP/IP OSI B TCP/IP OSI AB 10 100B1000B 20BTCP 20BIP 18BEthernet 1 1-7 TCP IP Ethernet 17 L1 Ethernet L2 1-7 Ethernet Ethernet IP TCP TCP IP Ethernet
18 1 2 L1 Ethernet L2 L1/L2 1 100B L1=100(B) L2=100+20+20+18=158(B) L1/L2=100/158 63.3% 2 1000B L1=1000(B) L2=1000+20+20+18=1058(B) L1/L2=1000/1058 94.5% 100B 63.3% 1000B 94.5% 1.2 1.2.1 26 20 1. 2. 3. 4. WAN 5. NSFNET 6. LAN 7. 8. 9. ISP 10. Internet 11. 12. 13. OSI RM 14. MAN 15. DNS 16. ARPANET 17. WSN 18. 19. UDP 20. TCP A B ISO C D E F G H I J K
19 L M N O P Q R S TTCP/IP OSI UTCP/IP OSI VTCP/IP OSI WARPANET XTCP/IP YTCP/IP Z IP 1.2.2 4 1. A BOSI CTCP/IP DIEEE802 2. 20 90 P2P A B C D 3. 3 ABC D 4. ARPANET AATM BIMP CFR DRIP 5. 1972 AE-mail BWeb CIM DBBS 6. ARPANET IMP IMP AIMP-IMP BIP CTCP DUDP 7. NSFNET AATM B CX.25 D 8. A B C D 9. ABIP C D 10. A B C D
20 1 11. A BC D 12. A B C D 13. A B C D 14. A B C D 15. OSI A BC D 16. OSI A B C D 17. A B C D 18. IP A BC D 19. ANNTP BSMTP CHTTP DFTP 20. ASNMP BSMTP CDNS DOSPF 21. ANNTP BSMTP CSNMP DOSI 22. IP A B C D 23. IP AHTML BIGP CDNS DMPLS 24. TCP/IP A B C D 1.2.3 1. D=1000km 2.310 8 m/s 110 3 bit 100kbps 110 7 bit 1Gbps 2. 210 8 m/s 1000m 10Mbps 10Gbps