(r s) {φ r1, φ r2,, φ rn } {φ s1, φ s2,, φ sn } u r (t) u s (t). F st ι u st u st k 1 ι φ i q st i (6) r β u r β u r u r(t) max u st r φ

3 351 1) 2) ( 100083)... TU311.3 doi 10.6052/1000-0879-13-151 A. [1-3]. 180.. [4]..... 2013 04 18 1 2013 05 23. 1 N mü(t) + c u(t) + ku(t) ι sin θt (1) m, c k N N m u(t) u(t) ü(t) N ι N θ. (ω i, φ i ). u(t) φ i q i (t) (2) q i (t) i. (2) (1) φ T i (i 1, 2,, N) N [1,5] M i q i (t) + 2ζ i M i ω i q i (t) + K i q i (t) F i sin θt (3), M i φ T i mφ i K i φ T i kφ i ω i K i /M i, F i φ T i ι, ζ i φ T i cφ i /(2M i ω i ). (3) q i (t) q i (t) q st i β i sin(θt ϕ i ) (4), β i { [1 (θ/ω i ) 2 ] 2 + [2ζ i (θ/ω i )] 2} 1 2 ϕ i 2ζ i θ/ω i arctan 1 (θ/ω i ) 2 qst i F i /K i. (4) (2). r u r (t) 1) (51078032) (JG2013M11). φ ri q st i β i sin(θt ϕ i ) (5) 2) 1974. E-mail: pdg@ustb.edu.cn

352 2014 36. (r s) {φ r1, φ r2,, φ rn } {φ s1, φ s2,, φ sn } u r (t) u s (t). F st ι u st u st k 1 ι φ i q st i (6) r β u r β u r u r(t) max u st r φ ri qi st β i sin(θt ϕ i ) φ ri qi st max (7) (7) β i sin(θt ϕ i ). ϕ i β i. (6). 2 F d (t) ι sin θt Mü c u (8) F d (t). sin θt. (8).. F d (t) ku ωi 2 mφ i q i (t) F d i (t) (9) (4) (9) i r f d ri(t) φ ri ω 2 i m r q st i β i sin(θt ϕ i ) (10) r f d r (t) ω 2 i m r φ ri q st i β i sin(θt ϕ i ) (11) (11) (5) ω 2 i m r f d r (t) u r (t). φ ri. (10). i f d 0ri φ riω 2 i m rq st i β i R 0i R(t) R 0i sin (θt ϕ i ) (12) ι R st r β R r β R r R r(t) max R st r ( ) max R 0ri sin θt ϕ i R st r (13). (8).. (9). 3 ( [1] ). 1 m 1 m 2 m, c 1 c 2 c 0.1 mω 1 (ω 1 ). m 1 P (t) P 0 sin θt, m 1 m 2 u 1 (t) u 2 (t). θ 0.75ω 1 u 1 (t) u 2 (t).

3 353 (5) u 1 (t) q 1 (t) + q 2 (t) [3.477 10 2 sin(θt 9.728 )+ 1 (1) [ ] [ m c m, C m [ ] k 162 8 7 5l 3 7 8 [ ] δ l3 8 7, ι 486 7 8 c ] { P0 (2) ω 1 5.692 ml 3, ω 2 22.045 ml 3 φ [ 1 1 1 1 (3) M 1 M 2 2 m ] C 1 C 2 2c 0.2 mω 1 F 1 (t) F 2 (t) P 0 sin θt ζ 1 C 1 2ω 1 M 1 0.2 mω 1 4ω 1 m 0.05 0 } ζ 2 C 1 2ω 2 M 2 0.2 mω 1 4ω 2 m 0.012 9 (4) θ 0.75ω 1 q i (t) q st i β i sin(θt ϕ i ) β 1 2.253, ϕ 1 9.728 q1 st 1 2 5.692 2 P0l 3 β 2 1.039, ϕ 2 0.297 q2 st 1 2 22.045 2 P0l 3 1.069 10 3 sin(θt 0.297 )] P 0l 3 3.582 10 2 sin(θt 9.447 ) P 0l 3 u 2 (t) q 1 (t) q 2 (t) [3.477 10 2 sin(θt 9.728 ) 1.069 10 3 sin(θt 0.297 )] P 0l 3 3.371 10 2 sin(θt 10.03 ) P 0l 3 β u 1 u 1(t) max P 0 δ 11 β u 2 u 2(t) max P 0 δ 21 2 β 2 3.582 10 2 8/486 3.371 10 2 7/486 2.176 2.341 ω F d 1 2 mq st { } 1 β 1 01 ω1 2 mq1 st β 1 1 2 P 0β 1 1 1 ω F d 2 2 mq st { } 2 β 2 02 ω2 2 mq st 1 1 2 P 0β 2 1 m 1 m 2 M o1 (t) 1 6 P 0β 1 l sin(θt ϕ 1 )+ 1 18 P 0β 2 l sin(θt ϕ 2 ) 0.433 sin(θt 8.475 03 )P 0 l M o2 (t) 1 6 P 0β 1 l sin(θt ϕ 1 ) 1 18 P 0β 2 l sin(θt ϕ 2 ) 0.319 sin(θt 11.428 7 )P 0 l. m 1 m 2 β M 1 β M 2 M o1(t) max M st 1 M o2(t) max M st 2 0.433 2/9 1.949 0.319 1/9 2.871

354 2014 36 f1 d (t) P (t) mü 1 (t) c u 1 (t) f2 d (t) mü 2 (t) c u 2 (t). 4.. (1) (2) (3) (4). 1. ( )( 2 ). 1996 2. ( )( 5 ). 2010 3. ( )( 2 ). 2004 4.. 2007 5 Chopra AK. Dynamics of Structures: Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering. New Jersey: Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall, 1995 ( : ) 1),2) ( 450063) ( 450052).,,, G642.0 A doi 10.6052/1000-0879-13-303...... (1) (2) (3) (4) 2013 07 29 1 2014 01 22. 1) ( ) (JKGHAG-0331). 2),. E-mail: 1054274518@qq.com

3 355 (5) (6).. 1/5 1/3 [1].. [2].. 1 1 2005 8 ( 1) 14 4 290.. [3]. 2. 2 1988 7. 270 cm 330 cm. 12 m, 1 1.. [5]., 3 G F F G 2 cos α α F. α 30, F 0.577G, α 70, F 1.462G α 30 2.53. (2α) 120. 1 [4] ( 2) A G O. 3 3 1993 2 1.8 t. 1 m

356 2014 36.. 3 m [5]. ( 4) G F F G cos α F α.. 4 F 0 F 0 G tan α. α 10 3.1 kn.. 4 1991 5 600 kg... 1 m 1.25 m/s. [5]. ( 5)( G) Gv2 0 2g Gl(1 cos ϕ) v 0 ϕ l ϕ. 5..... 5 16 t.... [6]........

3 357 6 2007 4 60 t 32 6 866.2. [7]..... 6 σ s, σ b, E, δ, ψ [8]. 6 [8] σ s E. 250 C 300 C σ b...... 7 [9].. 300 C 100 C, 15% 20%. 100 C, 5% 10%. 7 [9]... 2.....

358 2014 36. 1.. 2010, 39(2): 105-108 2.. 2002, 24(4): 68-80 3. 10. 2005-11-15 4 14. http:// news.sina.com.cn/c/2005-08-03/04566595368s.shtml 5.. 2000 6. http://www.chinacrane.net/xue yuan/200901/15/11930.html 7. 4.18. (2008)82 8.. 2004 9.. 2000 ( : ) 1) 2) (, 510006)..,,, G642.0 A doi 10.6052/1000-0879-13-320 [1] [2] :..,. 1 [3] :.. 1.1.. 1.2 1. 2013 07 30 1, 2013 10 25. 1) (201211845039). 2), 1992. E-mail: hicyq@126.com

3 359 1. 1 4--M3. 2 1 :.,. 1 :. 1.3 1 4 R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 R 1 R 3 R 2 R 4 2. 4 3. 2 4 U BD U BD UK 4 (ε 1 ε 2 + ε 3 ε 4 ), U ; K ; ε 1, ε 2, ε 3, ε 4 4 U BD. (ε 1 ε 2 +ε 3 ε 4 ) [4]. 3 2 2 R 1, R 2 R 3, R 4 R 1 R 3 ( ) R 2 R 4 2 3. R 1 R 2 ( ) R 3 R 4 ( ) 4 4 R 1 ε 1 ε N + ε W + ε t (1) R 2 ε 2 µ(ε N + ε W ) + ε t (2) R 3 ε 3 ε N ε W + ε t (3) R 4 ε 4 µ(ε N ε W ) + ε t (4) ε N ε W ε t ε ds µ. 4

360 2014 36 ε ds ε ε 1 ε 2 + ε 3 ε 4 (5),. (1) (5) ε N ε ds 2(1 + µ) (6) (6) 2(1 + µ). 3 70.35 GPa, 0.31. 1,. 10%. : 1 /kn 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 ) 0 73 145 217 290 ) 1 75 146 218 ) 1 2 1 1 ) 0 71 142 213 284 ) 1 4 4 5 /% 0 2.8 2.1 1.9 2.1 4 (1). (2) [5]. 1.., 2002, 24(3): 60-62 2,.., 2008, 25(3) 140-142 3.., 2006, 28(6) 83-85 4. ( 3 )., 2006 5.., 2009, 26(8) 1-4 ( : ) ( 347 ) (2) x 0 y 0 x l λ y 0,,.,. 2009 2,,.. :.., 2009 3.. 1994, 16(1) 62 4,,.. 2013, 35(2): 95-98 1,,.. ( : )