:, :,???,,,,,, 2003 1 1,76 (, ),15 (), 21 ( 10 ),112,,, 83 1, 22 2 ( ),,,,, 1979 1984, 1 ;1985 1988 4 9 ;2002 2,1990 15 1995 5,1998,, 2002,83, 67 1 : (Amnesty international : Facts and figures on the death penalty) 2 [1 ] 77
2004 4 3,,31,,, 1-2,,,,1982 1985 3, 35, 12 ; 4 1996 2000,5 49, 10 :, 5,, 12,38, ( ) 1981 27 63, 1982 28 63,, 1983 28 64,1984 28 64,1985 29 64, 1986 31 66 50,1987 35 69 1988, 35 80 1989 39 84,,1999 1990 46 88 98,2001 66 1991 46 83 2002, 1992 50 84, ;,1993 53 90 1994 54 96 1995, 58 101 1996 59 100 ; 1997 63 102,1998 69 105,1999 72 108 9, 2000 74 108 : 1965 2001 74 111 2002 1988,1 76 112 3 [1 ] 4,,1992,101 5 [] :,2002 3,50 ( Roger Hood, The Death Penalty : 6 [4 ],261 7 :,1995,107 8 [5 ],72 9 2003,267 (Amenesty International Report 2003,p. 267. ) 78 A worldwide Perspective, Third Edition, Oxford University Press,2002,p. 50. )
:, 1989 2001, 3,,,,:1965 25,, 2001,,, 11, 11 ;11,4,, 6 (10 ), 10??,,,,, 1948, (3 ), (5 ),, 1966,1971 1977,,,1989,,,,, 1984 1989 1996,,,, ; 18 ; ;;,, 11,,1997/ 12 1998/ 8,,,,,,1998 12 10 [5 ],12 11 [5 ],260-261 12 [5 ],20 79
2004 4, 1982,, 1994 1996 1999,,,, 13 1994,,, 3,,,, 14 2002,,, 15, 1998,,,,, 16 2001,,, 2001,,,2000,, 2002 4, 16 9 17,,,,,,,,,,,, 1977,1978,, 13 [5 ],16 14 [5 ],16 15 [5 ],16 16 :,2001,93-94 17 [5 ],17-18 80
:,,,, 18,1993 19, 1976 :1 ; 2,,,1997,,,,, 20 1981,,,,,,,,, 21,,,,,,1995,:,,,, :,,, 22 1949,,, 1951 5,:,;, 23 1956 4,, :,,,,,,, 18( ) 1987, 19 [5 ],43 20 [5 ],39-40 21[]:,/,2003,164 22 [5 ],26 23 5,40 81
2004 4,, 24 1979, :, 25,15 28,, 26 :,,,,,,, ;,,,, 1979,,,,,,1979 27,1979,,, 1997,20, 50, 80,, 1983,,:?,, 1986, :,?,?,,,,? 1952,,,,, 28,,,,1980 2 12,1979, : 1980,,, 29 1981 6 19, : 1981 1983,,,, 24 [23 ],281-283 25 :,2001,83 26:,,1985 27/ :, 1998 1 28 3,1993,33-34,152-153 29:,2003,20 82
:,,, 30,1983 9 2,,,,,9 7,,1991 6 6 1993 8 18,, 1996 3 19,, 31,( ),1979,,,, 1997 9 26, : 1997 10 1,,,,,, ( ), (), 13,,,,, 32 1997,,, 1988,,,,,, 33,,1997,,,,,,,, 34, 30 [25 ],273-274 31:,2002,257 32,43, 68 63. 2 % 33/ :,1998,2106 34: ( ) 83
2004 4 47 68 1979, 28 68,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,, :,;,,,, 35,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 35:, 2003 1 84
:,, 36,,,,, :,,,,,, ;,, ;,,,,,,?,, 37?,,,,?, 38,,? 1988 1996,,,:, ;,,, 39,, 1975,, 10 3. 09, 1980 2. 41 ;1999, 23,1. 76, 1975 43 % 40,,, 1982 20 298,1983,1993 64 595, 3. 18 ;1982 14 404,1983,1993 301 848, 20. 66 41 1997, 36,, 20 102 37, 38[] :,,2001,29 39,,,,, ;,, 40 [5 ],214 41:,2000,270-271 85
2004 4,,,,,,, :,,,,, 42 :,? 43,,,,,,,,,,,, (70 %53 %),,,,,, 1981, 62 %,,,:,, 44, : (1),,, (2),,,, 42[]:, /,2001,39 43:, 2,2000, :,,,,,,,,,,,:?,:,,, :,?,,,:,?, 44 [21 ],194,203 86
:,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,:, :,,,,, 45,,, 46,,, :,, 47,,? :,, (,, ),,,,, ( 6 2 ),,,, 45 [5 ],209 46, :,,,, ;,,,,,, ;,,,, 47:, 2003 4 87
2004 4 :, 48,, :,, 49,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, :, :,,, :,,,,,,,, : (1) 6 4 :,,, 50 (2),,,,,,, 48 [5 ],76 49 [5 ],77 50, 88
:, 51,,,,,,,,,,,,,? 52 (3),,,,,(4),,,,,,,,,,98 % 99 %,,,,,: (1), (2),,,, (3),,,,,, ( : ) 51 [41 ],278 52,,,[ 31 ], 260-261,,, 89