法规国内部分（2004）.doc

2004 [2003]489 2004 03 01

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2004

1 1.1 (109 ) ( ) 1.2 ( ) 2 2.1 ( ) 2.2 3 3.1 20m 3.2 4 4.1 4.2 5 5.1 5.2 6 6.1 7 7.1 7.2 8 1

8.1 8.2 8.3 ( ) 8.4 8.5 8.6 9 9.1 9.2 10 l0.1 11 11.1 11.2 (1) (2) ( ) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) () (8) (9) (10) ( ) (11) (12) 13 2

(14) 12 12.1 4 (1) (2) 200n mile 120n mile( 50n mile) (3) 10nmile 20n mile 20n mile 20n mile (4) 10n mile 12.2 12.3 10n mile ( 5n mile) 2h 6 2m 3

1 12016'54"E 3602'09"N 12017'12"E 3601'00"N 2 (12151'03"E 2956'22"N) (12151'34"E 2958'07"N) (121 50'12"E3002'32"N) (12149'15"E 3005 N) (12150'48"E 04'56'N) (12153'09"E 3005'05"N) (12154'21"E 3005'31"N) (12157'21"E3006'05"N) (12157'42"E3006'N) (12158'41"E 3005'50"N) 3005 50"N (12200'52"E 3009'19"N) (12201'15"E 3009'53"N) (12203'39"E 3011'28"N) (12204'39"E 3012'17"N) (12204'43"E 3012'48 N) (12204'52"E 30 14'40"N) (12203'48"E 3017 32"N) (12214'30E 3018'15"N) (12214'33"E 3017'18"N) (12215'04"E 3017'13"N) (122 15'34"E 3016'15"N) (12218'27"E3016'N) (12218'48"E 3016'12"N) (12216'54"E 30013'47"N) (12216'34"E 3013'47"N) (12215'54"E3013'33"N) (12210'37"E 3007'01"N) ( )(12220'27"E 3001'N) (12222'15"E 3000'15"N) ( )(12223'32"E 2958'30"N) (12224'30"E 2957'09"N) (12222'37"E 2950'36"N) (12222'17"E 2950'36"N) (122 21'11"E 2950'20"N) (122 20'38"E 2950'33"N) (1221942"E 29 49'45"N) (12219'05"E 2949'23"N) (12218'29"E 2946'18"N) (12217'19"E 2945'05"N) (12215'28"E 2944'04"N) (12213'36"E 2943'04"N) (12214'27"E 2941'll"N) (12213'42"E 2941'06"N) (12212'15"E 2941'30"N) (12202'41"E 2943'20N) (12200'39"E 2943'23"N) (1220'28"E 2944'57"N) (121 59'38"E 2946'01"N) (12156'34"E 2946'23"N) ( ) 3 (12055'27"E 2757'42"N) ( )(12101'13"E 2750'10"N) (12104'09"E 2746'53"N) (12107'41"E 2745'24"N) (12103'30"E 2745'29"N) (121 08'58"E 2745'54"N) ( )(12108'42"E 27 46'29"N) (12110'38"E 2749'21"N) (12111'29"E 2751'06"N) (12111'10"E 2752'03"N) (12110'18"E2752'27"N) 09'20"E 2752'27"N) (12108'54"E 2752'54"N) (12109'20"E 27 54'33"N) (12109'44"E 2755'16"N) (12109'57"E 2755'23"N) (12114'05"E 2759'40"N) (12111'50"E2759'57"N) (12109'38"E 2801'26"N) (12109'12"E2802'12"N) ( ) 4

2004 1 5

l 11 1 11 2 11 3 11 4 12 5 12 2 14 1 14 2 14 3 15 4 15 5 16 6 16 3 17 1 17 2 17 3 18 4 19 5 19 4 21 1 21 2 21 5 22 1 22 2 22 3 22 4 23 6 24 1 24 2 24 3 24 4 24 5 25 7 26 1 26 2 26 3 26 8 27 1 27 2 27 6

3 28 4 28 9 29 1 29 2 29 3 29 4 29 10 31 1 31 2 31 3 31 4 32 1l 33 1 33 2 33 34 1 34 2 34 3 36 4 36 5 36 6 38 7 39 8 40 9 40 7

1 1 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2 1 11 12 4 5 6 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1.5 1.1.6 3.2.2 2 2.1 2.1.1 12.2(5) 2.1.2 (1) (2) 2.1.3 2.2 2.2.1 3 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 ( ) 3.1.3 3.2 3.2.1 ( ) 8

3.2.2 4 4.1 4.1.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) 4.2 4.2.1 4.3 4.3.1 2.2 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 5 5.1 5.1.1 (1) (2) 9

5.1.2 ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 5.1.3 5.1.4 5.2 5.2.1 ( ) 5.2.2 5.2.1 5.2.3 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 10

2 l 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 ( ) 1.5 ( ) 1.6 ( ) 1 5.1.2 2 2.1 ( ) (1) (2) (3) 2.2 (1) 6.1 (2) (3) (4) (5) 2.3 (1) (2) (3) 11

2.4 (1) (2) 2.5 ( ) (1) (2) 2.6 ( ) 15 2.7 ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 3 3.1 3 3.2 3.3 3 3.4 (1) 5 2 2 3 1 2 1 (2) 1 (3) 10 5 1 4.1 4 (1) 2.12.2 2.5 12

(2) 2.32.42.6 2.7 4.2 (1) 2 (2) 5 (3) 5 (4) 5 (5) 5 (6) 5 (7) 5 (8) (9) 3 2 5 (10) 2 5 (11) 3 2 5 (12) 3 2 5 (13) (1)(7) 35689 10 (1)(7) (1)(7) (14) 4.2(10)(12) 2 5 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 6 6.1 3 11 6.2 6.3 1 13

3 l 1.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) 1.2 234 5 2 1.3 1 1.1.6 3.2.2 1.4 4 1.5 2 2.1 (1) (2) 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 14

20 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (1) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) 21 1.3 (3) 2.2 3 3.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 15

(18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) (32) 2.1(2) 20 (33) 1.3 3.2 3.3 4 4.1 (1) 3.1 (2) 5 (3) 10 (4) 15 (5) CO 2 (6) (7) 4.2 4.3 5 5.1 (1) 4.14.2 1.3 (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 16

(7) (8) ( ) (9) (10) (11) (12) 5.2 17

4 1 1.1 2 2 2.6 ( ) 1.2 2 2.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 2.2 18

5 1 1.1 (1) (2) (3) 1.2 23 4 2 2 2.1 (1) (2) (3) 11 12 (4) 2.2 3 3.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) 19

(5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 3.2 3.3 4.1 (1) 3.1 3.2 4 (2) 4.2 20

6 1 1.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) 1.2 234 5 2 2.1 (1) 2 (2) (3) 2.2 3 3.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) () () (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ( ) 3.2 3.3 4 4.1 21

(1) 3.1 (2) (3) ( ) (4) 4.2 4.3 5 5.1 (1) 4.1 4.2 (2) (3) (4) 5.2 22

7 l 1.1 (1) (2) 1.2 2 3 2 2.1 (1) 2 (2) 2.2 3 3.1 2.1(2) 3.2 23

8 1 1.1 (1) (2) (3) 1.2 23 4 2 1.3 1 1.1.6 3.2.2 1.4 4 2 2.1 (1) (2) AB 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 3 2.1(2) 1.3 (3) 2.2 24

3 3.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) AB (8) (9) (10) (11) ( ) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) 3 3.1 1.3 3.2 3.3 4 4.1 2 1 (1) (2) 3.1 3.2 4.2 25

9 1 1.1 (1) (2) (3) 1.2 23 4 2 1.3 1 1.1.6 3.2.2 1.4 4 2.1 (1) 2 (2) ( ) 8 2.1(2) 1.3 2.2 3 3.1 3 (1) (2) 8 3.1 1.3 (3) ( 2 3.4 ) (4) 3.2 4 4.1 4.2 26

10 1 1.1 (1) (2) (3) 1.2 23 4 2 1.3 1.4 4 3 1.5 4 8 1.6 4 2 2 1.7 2 4 1.8 1 1.1.6 3.2.2 2.1 (1) 2 (2) 11 1.8 (3) 2.2 3 3.1 (1) ( ) (2) ( ) 27

(3) ( ) (4) ( ) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 1.8 3.2 3.3 4 4.1 (1) 3.1 3.2 (2) (3) (4) 4.2 28

11 1 1.1 2 (1) (2) (3) 2 2 2.1 (1) 2 2.2 (1) 29

1 1.1 ( ) 1.2 1.3 2 2.1 (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ( 100 1000 500 ) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) ( ) (17) ( ) (18) ( ) (19) ( ) (20) ( ) (21) 2.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) 30

(5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) 2.3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) ( ) (8) ( ) (9) ( ) (10) ( ) (11) ( ) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) 2.4 (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) 31

3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 ( ) 3.7 3.8 (A ) 3.9 3.10 3.11 ( ) 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 ( ) 3.18 ( )( ) 3.19 ( ) 3.20 ( ) 3.21 ( ) 3.22 ( ) 3.23 ( ) 3.24 ( ) 3.25 ( ) 4 4.1 4.2 ( ) 4.3 ( ) 4.4 ( ) 4.5 4.6 ( ) 4.7 4.8 ( ) 5 5.1 32

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) ( ) (16) ( ) (17) ( ) (18) ( ) (19) ( ) (20) 5.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 5.3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ( ) (10) ( ) 33

(11) ( ) (12) ( ) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) 5.4 (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) 6 6.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ( ) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) ( ) (15) ( ) (16) ( ) (17) ( ) (18) ( ) 6.2 (1) 34

(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 6.3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ( ) (10) ( ) (11) ( ) (12) ( ) (13) ( 20m ) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) 6.4 (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) 35

7 7.1 ( ) 7.2 ( ) 7.3 ( ) 7.4 ( ) 7.5 ( ) 7.6 ( ) 8 8.1 ( ) 8.2 ( ) 9 9.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) ( ) (13) ( ) (14) ( ) (15) ( ) (16) ( ) 9.2 (1) (2) ( ) (3) (4) (5) 9.3 36

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) ( ) (8) ( ) (9) ( ) (10) ( ) (11) 37

2004 2 38

1 1 2 2 1 24m 2 24m 44 44 44 45 45 46 39

1 1 1.1 (1) (2) (3) 1969 (1992) 2 2.1 2.2 m 2.3 2.4 2.5 2 40

* 2 1 24m 1.1 1.1.1 (GT ) GT = K ( V + 2) 1 1 V K 1 2.1.1 V 1 m 3 V 2 m 3 1.1.2 ( V 1) (1) V1 D D m h s m h 1 D = D + + ( h s + h w ) m 2 6 h w m h m B h = B m 50 (2) ( v 1) B m L m v h BLa 2 1 = m3 a * ( [2000]4 ) 2000 11 23 41

h m 1.1.2(1) (V2) 2 v 2 = Al 1 m 3 3 A 0 m 2 l ( )m 1 (3) 2 2 1.1.3 2 2 1.5 1.1.4 () 2 2 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.2.1 (NT ) NT = K2GT GT 1.1 K 2 2.2.1 2 24m 2.1 2.1.1 24m GT = K ( V + 2) 1 1 V K 1 2.1.1 V 1 m 3 V 2 m 3 2.1.2 V 1 V 1 = LBDC m 3 L m B m D m G 2.1.2 2.1.3 V 24m 2 42

K l 2.1.1 V l +V 2 K l V l +V 2 K l V l +V 2 K l V l +V 2 K l 10 0.2200 45 000 0.2931 330 000 0.3104 670 000 0.3165 20 0.2260 50 000 0.2940 340 000 0.3106 680 000 0.3166 30 0.2295 55 000 0.2949 350 000 0.3109 690 000 0.3168 40 0.2320 60 000 0.2956 360 000 0.3111 700 000 0.3169 50 0.2340 65 000 0.2963 370 000 0.3114 7l0 000 0.3170 60 0.2356 70 000 0.2969 380 000 0.3116 720 000 0.317l 70 0.2369 75 000 0.2975 390 000 0.3118 730 000 0.3173 80 0.2381 80 000 0.2981 400 000 0.3120 740 000 0.3174 90 0.2391 85 000 0.2986 410 000 0.3123 750 000 0.3175 100 0.2400 90 000 0.2991 420 000 0.3125 760 000 0.3176 200 0.2460 95 000 0.2996 430 000 0.3127 770 000 0.3177 300 0.2495 100 000 0.3000 440 000 0.3129 780 000 0.3178 400 0.2520 110 000 0.3008 450 000 0.313l 790000 0.3180 500 0.2540 120 000 0.3016 460 000 0.3133 800 000 0.318l 600 0.2556 130 000 0.3023 470 000 0.3134 810 000 0.3182 700 0.2569 140 000 0.3029 480 000 0.3136 820 000 0.3183 800 0.2581 150 000 0.3035 490 000 0.3138 830 000 0.3184 900 0.2591 160 000 0.3041 500 000 0.3140 840 000 0.3185 1 000 0.2600 170 000 0.3046 510 000 0.3142 850 000 0.3186 2 000 0.2660 180 000 0.305l 520 000 0.3143 860 000 0.3187 3 000 0.2696 190 000 0.3056 530 000 0.3145 870 000 0.3188 4 000 0.2720 200 000 0.3060 540 000 0.3146 880 000 0.3189 5 000 0.2740 210 000 0.3064 550 000 0.3148 890 000 0.3190 6 000 0.2756 220 000 0.3068 560 000 0.3150 900 000 0.3191 7 000 0.2769 230 000 0.3072 570 000 0.3151 910 000 0.3192 8 000 0.278l 240 000 0.3076 580 000 0.3153 920 000 0.3193 9 000 0.2791 250 000 0.3080 590 000 0.3154 930 000 0.3194 10 000 0.2800 260 000 0.3083 600 000 0.3156 940 000 0.3195 15 000 0.2835 270 000 0.3086 610 000 0.3157 950 000 0.3196 20 000 0.2860 280000 0.3089 620 000 0.3158 960 000 0.3196 25 000 0.2880 290 000 0.3092 630 000 0.3160 970 000 0.3197 30 000 0.2895 300 000 0.3095 640 000 0.3161 980 000 0.3198 35 000 0.2909 310 000 0.3098 650000 0.3163 990 000 0.3199 40 000 0.2920 320 000 0.3101 660 000 0.3164 1000 000 0.3200 (1) V l +V 2 m 3 (2) V l +V 2 K l 43

C 2.1.2 ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.80 0.80 0.94 0.85 0.90 0.96 0.90 0.95 0.98 (1) 0.80 + 0.90 =0.85 2 (2) 0.7 0.75 2.2 2.2.1 24m NT NT = K2GT K 2 2.2.1 GT 2.1.1 C 2.2.1 K 2 K 2 0.56 0.84 0.52 0.30 0.50 44

2004 3 45

1 1 2 3 4 2 1 2 3 4 A... 3 1 2 3 4 l 2 3 1 A K 2 B K 51 51 51 52 53 55 55 55 58 59 61 63 63 68 69 69 69 70 71 73 46

1 1 1.1 20m (1) (2) 1.2 4 2 2.1 (1) L 85 96 85 (2) L (3) L (4) B B (5) D (6) D1 ( D 1 ) t ( L S) L t S 2.1(10) B 4 47

(7) Cb Cb C b = L B d 1 d 1 d 1 85 (8) (9) (10) B 4 (a) (b) ( ) 2 2.1 (c) S L (11) (12) 3 3.1 (1) 4 16 10 31 11 1 4 15 (2) 48

2 16 10 31 11 1 2 15 4 4.1 4.1 4.1 ( ) 4.2 300mm 25mm 4.3 ZC CS 115mm 75mm 4.4 X R Q RQ 4.5 4 C.1 4.5 4.6 4.6 C.1 C.2 49

4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 50

2 1 1.1 3 4 2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 380mm 2.2 2.2.1 (1) 1 14 (2) 2 14 2.3 2.3.1 1 2 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4.1 1 600mm 2 450mm 2.4.2 (1) 65mm (2) 60mm 1.5m (3) 1 17.16kPa 2 12.75kPa 4.25 0.13028 (4) 100m 2.4.2(3) m 1 2 9.72kPa 7.29kPa 2 100m 51

2.4.3 1 17.16kPa 2 12.75kPa 5 0.0022 l00m 2.4.2(4) 2.4.4 (1) 2.4.2(3) 5 0.0022 1 6mm 100m 2.4.2(4) (2) 2.4.5 2.4.6 65mm 600mm 150mm 2.4.7 1:6 13mm 2.4.8 1 2 2.4.9 1 2 1.5m 2 2.5 2.5.1 1 2 2.4.1 2.5.2 (1) 1 17.16kPa 2 12.75kPa 4.25 0.0028 1 6mm 100m 2.4.2(4) (2) 2.5.3 2.6 52

2.6.1 1 2 2.1.1 1 600mm 2 380mm 2.6.2 2.7 2.7.1 1 2 2.7.2 2.3 2.1.1 2.7.3 1 600mm 2 380mm 2.8 2.8.1 1 2 900mm 2.8.2 2.8.3 1 4.5m 2 2.3m 2.8.4 2.8.3 l00m 1 900mm 2 760mm 2.9 2.9.1 760mm 450mm 2.9.2 2.10 2.10.1 2.10.2 53

. 2.11.1. 2.11.2 1 0.01 L 2 0.02 L 2.11.2 5 2.11.3 2.11.4 450mm 600mm 2.11.1 2.11.5 2.1 2.11.6 2.12 2.12.1 2.12.2 ( ) B 2.5 500mm 2.12.3 ( ) 3 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.23.1.3 A l 20m 20m A = 0.7 + 0. 035l m 2 l 20m A = 0. 07l m 2 l 0.7 L 1.2m 0.1m m 0.004m 2 0.9m 0.1m m 0.004m 2 3.1.2 3.1.1 50 3.1.3 3 2.2.4(5) 54

3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.3 40 75 20 10 3.1.5 23 3.1.6 230mm 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 lm 3.2.3 230mm 380mm 3.2.4 ( ) 3.2.5 4.1 4.1.1 3 1.2 A 2.1 4.2 4.2.1 A ( ) A 55

4.2.2 4.3 4.3.1 A 4.4 4.4.1 A 4.4.2 56

3 1 1.1 1.1.1 Fo F o = KD 1 mm K 1.21.3 1.7 D 1 m 1.2 A 1.2.1 A (1) (2) (3) 1.2.2 A K 1 1.3 B 1.3.1 A B 1.3.2 B K 2 1.3.3 100m B K 1 2 60 B60 (1) (2) (3) l 2 2 2.5 (4) 1.4 1.5 ( ) 0.7 1.6 1.3.4 100m B K 1 2 100 B100 (1) 2 4.14.24.4 (2) 1.3.3 (3) 1.5 ( 1.5.7 ) 1.4 57

1.4.1 1.4.2 (1) (2) 1.4.2(3) 98 (3) 1.4.2(2) (4) 50 (5) 1.4.2(4) 1.4.2(2) 5 (6) 1.025 1.000 0.950 0.900 0.900 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.2 B 5 11.5m 1.5.3 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.4 1.3.4 1.5.2 1.5.2 3m 3m 1.5.5 3m ( ) 1.5.6 L 2/3 3 14.5m 1.5.7 1.6 58

1.6.1 ( 2 2.1.1 ) ( 2 2.5 ) ( 2 2.7 2 4.3 ( 2 2.1 ).6.2 1.5.2 17 1.6.3 15 1.6.4 1.6.5 20 0.1m 0.0175mrad 1.6.6 1.7 1.7.1 1.2.1 K 1 1.7.2 K 2 1.7.3 2 3.24.2 2.5 1.7.4 25 2 2.1 2.1.1 f. 1 f 0.6 F o( C 0.68) mm 1 = b F o mm 1.1 C b 0.68 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.1 59

(m) 2.2.1 L(m) L30 75 L125 0.90 1.20 1.0 1.80 1.80 2.30 2.2.2 (1) 2.2.2(2) S L (2) 23 2.2.3 (1) 2.2.3(2) (2) 1 2.1(10) b/ B s b B s (3) (4) 0.6 L (5) 2.2.4 (1) (2) 2 2.22.5 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 60 (8) 0.6 L 2.2.5 (1) (2) (3) 60

2 2.4.1 2.2.6 f 2 f = C(80+ 4 ) mm 2 L L m L >120m 120m E C = ( 1 + ) L E m 0.07 L B C e m 0.07L e 0.7L E L 2.3 2.3.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 2.3.2 (1) (2) LZ (m 2 ) L m)z (m) 6 (3) y YL 1 (m 2 ) Y (m) L 1 6 m) 0.5 L (4) A 2.3.2(4) A 2.3.2(4) L (m) 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 A (m 2 ) 4.2 7.5 11.7 16.7 22.5 29.2 36.7 45.0 54.2 64.2 L (m) 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 A (m 2 ) 75.0 86.7 99.2 112.6 126.7 141.7 157.6 174.2 191.8 61

2 A 3 1 A 3 (1) (2) 2.3.3 (1) f f 3 3 A a l = 500( )(1.5 ) mm L L L m l m A m 2 a m 2 1 2 2 (2) A A A 3 3 3 2 1 2 (3) A A A 3 4 3 1 2 A A 6 3 1 1 A A 4 6 2 1 A A 3 3 (4) (5) 0.1 L 0.1 L 100m 125mm 2.4 2.4.1 D 1 2.5 2.5.1 L 1.36 54L (1 ) mm 500 + 0.68 C b L m 62

G b 0.68 2.5.2 100m L L 100[2.28+3.46( ) - 0.60( ) 2 ] 100 100 Kcb K n mm L m K cb K = 2.11 1. 51 Cb C b C b K n K n = 1.03 0. 03n n UV 0 12 n = ω f bf 85.7C 75.6C 9.0 C ω f C bf d1 2.5.3 2.5.1 2.5.2 10 25 2.5.4 2.5.12.5.2 2.5.3 15 0.07 L (1) 100m 1 2.1(10) (2) 100m 1 2.1(10) 2.5.5 2.5.12.5.22.5.3 2.5.4 C ωf C bf C + 2. 1L C ω f = ω CF C = C + 2. 1L bf b CB C ω d 1 C CF L CB d1 L 63

3 3.1 3.1.1 F = F + mm 0 + f1 + f 2 f 3 F 0 mm 1.1 f mm 2.1 1 f mm 2.2 2 f mm 2.3 3 3.1.2 B 3.1.1 F L m F + 2 = 190 + 3.5L 0.035L mm 3.1.3 3.1.1 3.1.2 2.42.5 3.1.4 3.1.13.1.3 2.4 50mm 1 2 2.4.4 2.5 150mm 3.2 1 3.2.1 48 3.2.2 3.2.1 2.4 50mm 1 2 2.4.4 2.5 150mm 3.3 3 3 1 l.000 40T (cm) tt 1cm t cm 1 3 3 2 48 64

4 1 1.1 1.2 ( ) 3 1.3 1.3 MX MR MQ MRQ 1.3 ( ) 2 2.1 2.1.1 0.07 L 100m 2.1.2 2.1.3 1m. 65

2.2 2.2.1 (1) (2) 4 ( ) (3) 13 (4) 2.2.2 3m 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 (1) 2 3.2.5 lm 350mm 1 600mm (2) 2.2.5(1) 2.2.6 3 3.1 3 3 2.2.6 f 2 C E E C = ( 2.24 0.06 ) + 0.42 L L L m E m 3.2 B B 66

67 1 A K L (m) K L (m) K L (m) K L (m) K 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 5l 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 6l 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 1010.2 100.5 100.8 101.1 101.5 101.9 102.3 102.7 103.2 103.7 104.2 104.7 105 2 105.7 106.3 106.8 107.4 108.0 108.5 109.0 109.7 110.3 110.9 111.5 112.1 112.7 113.3 114.0 l14.6 115.3 116.0 116.6 117.3 118.0 118.7 119.4 120.0 120.7 121.4 122.1 122.8 123.6 124.4 125.1 125_8 126.6 127,3 128.0 128.8 129.5 130.2 131.0 131.9 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 132.6 133.5 134.3 135.1 135.9 136.7 137.5 138.4 139.2 140.0 140.9 141.7 142.5 143.4 144.2 145.0 145.9 146.8 147.7 148.5 149.4 150.3 151.1 152.0 152.9 153.7 154.6 155.5 156.4 157.3 158.2 159.1 160.0 160.9 161.7 162.6 163.5 164.4 165.3 166.1 166.9 167.8 168.6 169.4 170.3 171.1 171.9 172.7 173.5 174.3 175.1 175.9 176.8 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 16q 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 177.6 178.4 179.3 180.1 180.9 181.8 182.6 183.3 184.0 184.7 185.4 186.1 186.7 187.3 187.9 188.5 189.0 189.5 190.0 190.4 190.8 191.2 191.6 191.9 192.2 192.5 192.8 193.1 193.3 193.6 193.9 194.1 194.3 194.5 194.6 194.8 195.0 195.1 195.2 195.3 195.4 195.5 195.6 195.6 195.6 195.6 195.6 195.7 195.7 195.7 195.7 195.7 195.7 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 20l 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 21l 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 195.7 195.6 195.6 195.5 195.5 195.4 195.4 195.3 195.2 195.1 195.0 194.9 194.8 194.7 194.6 194.4 194.3 194.2 194.0 193.8 193.6 193.5 193.3 193.1 192.9 192.7 192.5 192.3 192.1 191.9 191.6 191.4 191.2 191.0 190.7 190.5 190.3 190.0 189.7 189.5 189.2 188.9 188.7 188.4 188.1 187.8 187.5 187.2 186.9 186.6 186.3 186.0

68 2 B K L (m) K L (m) K L (m) K L (m) K 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 6l 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 113.7 113.9 114.1 114.3 114.5 114.8 115.1 115.4 115.7 116.0 116.3 116.6 116.9 117.3 117.8 118.3 118.8 119.3 119.8 120.4 120.9 121.5 122.0 122.6 123.3 123.9 124.5 125.1 125.7 126.3 126.9 127.5 128.2 128.9 129.6 130.4 131.2 132.0 132.8 133.6 134.3 135.0 135.7 136.5 137.4 138.3 139.2 140.2 141.2 142.2 143.2 144.2 145.3 146.4 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 l00 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 1 20 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 147.5 148.7 149.8 150.9 152.0 153.1 154.1 155.2 156.4 157.5 158.7 159.9 161.1 162.2 163.2 164.2 165.3 166.5 167.7 169.0 170.2 171.4 172.5 173.7 174.9 176.2 177.5 178.8 180.0 181.3 182.6 183.9 185.2 186.5 187.8 189.1 190.4 191.7 193.0 194.3 195.6 196.8 198.0 199.2 200.3 201.4 202.5 203.6 204.7 205.8 206.8 207.8 208.8 209.8 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 210.8 211_8 212.7 213.6 214.4 215.2 216.0 216.9 217.7 218.5 219.2 219.9 220.6 221.3 222.0 222.7 223.3 223.9 224.5 225.1 225.7 226.3 226.8 227.3 227.8 228.3 228.7 229.2 229.6 230.0 230.4 230.8 231.2 231.3 231.9 232.3 232.7 233.0 233.3 233.6 233.9 234.2 234.4 234.7 235.0 235.2 223.5 235.7 236.0 236.2 236.3 236.5 236.6 236.8 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 237.0 237.2 237.3 237.4 237.6 237.7 237.8 237.9 238.0 238.1 238.1 238.1 238.1 238.2 238.2 238.2 238.3 238.3 238.3 238.3 238.3 238.3 238.3 238.2 238.2 238.2 238.1 238.1 238.0 237.9 237.7 237.6 237.5 237.4 237.4 237.3 237.2 237.1 237.0 236.9 236.8 236.7 236.5 236.4 236.3 236.1 236.0 235.9

2004 69

1 78 1 78 2 78 2-1 79 1 79 2 94 3 102 4 104 5 111 2-2 113 1 113 2 135 3 148 4 159 5 172 6 20m 172 3 175 1 175 2 175 3 176 4 178 5 180 191 4 192 1 192 2 194 3 194 4 195 1 199 2 202 3 203 4 205 5 207 6 209 7 212 8 215 9 216 10 218 70

5 219 1 219 2 220 3 221 1 222 2 224 3 225 4 (GPS) 228 5 230 6 231 7 (AIS) 232 6 235 1 235 2 236 3 236 7 241 1 241 2 242 3 249 8 266 1 266 2 267 3 272 4 273 5 276 1 279 2 ( ) 280 71

1 1 1.1 20m (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 1.2 1.3 1 2 2.1 (1) (2) 12 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 37.8 0.28MPa (8) 50t 1 72

2 1 1 1.1 1.1.1 80m 80m 4 2-1 B l 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.7 1.1.5 20 n mile 1.1.6 1.2 1.2.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 76mm (8) (9) (10) (11) ( ) ) (12) (13) 1.2.2 1.3 1.3.1 73

1.3.2 C.1 C.2 C.3 1.3.3 3 1.3.4 1.3.5 3 1.3.6 3 1.3.7 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2 5 1.5 1.5.1 3.0m 3 11.0m( ) 1.5.2 15 1.5.3 1.5.3 1.6 1.6.1 1.6.6 1.6.7 (1) 1.6.4(1) (2) 1.5.3 1.6.2 (1) 1.6.1 1.6.3 1.6.4 (2) 1.6. 3 1.6.3 74

0.60 0.95 0.85 00.95 1.6.3 1.6.4 (1) 3.0m 3 11.0m (2) 15 (3) (4) (1)(2)(3) 1.6.5 15 15min 1.6.6 (1) 0.05m (2) 7 12 (3) 1.6.7 ( ) (1) ( ) 10 (2) ( ) 0.10m (3) 4 75kg 1.6.8 0.05m 7 1.6.9 1.6.10 1.6.9 (KG) (GM) IMO A.266( II) 75

1.6.1l 1.6.12 1.6.13 1.7 1.7.1 1.7.2 (1) 3m 3 11.m( ) (2) (3) 1.7.3 1.6.3 1.7.4 (1) (2) 7 12 (3) 5 0.015m rad 3 0.005m rad 1.7.5 15min 1.8 1.8.1 5 2 1.9 1.9.1 5 3.0m 5 1.9.2 1.9.1 (1) (2) 1.5 (3) 3m 1.9.3 1.9.1 1.9.2 ( 1.9.4 ) 1.9.4 2.3m 76

1.9.1 1.9.2 1.9.5 1.9.6 1.10 1.10.1 5 l0m 8 1.10.2 1.10.1 (1) (2) 1.5 (3) 3m 1.10.3 1.10.1 1.10.2 1.10.4 1.10.1 1.10.2 ( 1.10.5 ) 1.10.5 2.3m 1.10.1 1.10.2 1.10.6 1.10.7 1.10.8 ( ) 1.11 1.11.1 (1) 50m 61m (2) 61m 76m (3) 76m 1.11.2 25 77

1.11.3 460mm 1.11.2 ( ) 1.11 1.11.4 1.11.5 1.12 ( ) 1.12.1 1.12.2 1.12.3 1.12 1.12.4 1.12A 1.12A.1 1994 l0 1 1.12A.2 1.12A.3 600mm 600mm 1.12A.4 H 600mm 800mm 1.12A.5 5000t 1.13 1.13.1 1.13.2 1.13.3 (1) 78

1.13.10 1.14 (2) (3) 1 (3) 2 2 (2) 1.13.4 1.13.9(4) 1.13.5 1.13.11 1 2 2 1 2 2 1.13.6 (1) 1.13.10(1)1.14 1.13.7 60s (2) 15 1m (3) 15 ( ) (4) (5) 1992 2 1 (1)(4) 1.13.7 (1) 1.13.11 1.2m (a) (b) (c) B5 90s 79

5s 10s 20s 40s (2) (3) 15 3 1 15 3 15 3 ( ) (4) 1.6m (5) (6) IECl976 529.1 IP 7.2 IP 8.3 IP 6 IP 8 36h 80

(7) (8) 1.13.7(3) 1.13.8 (1) (2) (3) 1.13.9 (1) (2)(3)(4) 1.13.11 1.2m (2) (3) (4) 1.13.10 (1) 15 (2) 1.13.11 1 1.13.7(1) 1.13.7(1) 90s 81

1.13.12 (1) 1.19 (2) (3) 1.14 1.14.1 12 ( ) 1.14.2 ( ) N=12+A25( A m 2 ) 4m 1.13.10 1.14.3 1.14.4 1.6 0.65 0.60 1.15 1.15.1 1.15.2 1.15.3 3 2.5 500mm( ) 1.15.4 1.15.3 1.4m 2.5 15 1.15.5 1.15.4 1.4m 2.5 3 0.3m 1.15.6 18 3.7m 82

2.5 3 1.15.7 1.15.8 1.15.9 1.15.10 1.15.1l 3 1.15.12 1 2 1 3 1.15.12 1.15.13 1.15 1.15 1.15.14 1.15.15 1.16 1.16.1 1.16.2 1.16.3 1.16.4 1.17 83

1.17.1 (1) (2) (1) (3) (4) (1)(3) 1.17.2 1.17.1(1)(4) 1.17.3 1.17.1 1.17.4 1.17.1 1.17.2 1.18 1.18.1 1.18.2 1.18.3 1.18.4 ( ) 1.18.1 1.18.5 23 ( ) 0.9m 1.18.6 1.18.4 1.18.5 1.19 1.19.1 1.19.2 1.20 1.20.1 (1) (2) 1.20.2 84

1.21 1.21.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 1992 2 1 5 1.15 3 5 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) 1.21.2 (1) 1.21.1(1) 1.6.2 (2) 3 1 (3) (4) 91.5m 1 (5) 1.21.1(1) 85

(6) 2ms 2 2 2 1 (7) (6) 23 (8) (9) 1992 2 1 d ( B D) d = 25 + 1. 68 L + mm d mm L B 1.2 m D m 1.21.1(6) D D lhl l h m (10) 15 (1.2 ) (11) 15 1.21.2(1) 1 (12) 1.21.2(11) 1.21.3 (1) 2 1 1.22 1.22.1 (1) 86

1.22.2 ( 1992 2 1 ) (1) (2) (3) ( ) 1.22.3 : (1) 1997 7 1 (2) (3) (4) 1.23 1.23.1 1 1 1.23.2 1.24 1.24.1 ( ) 1.24.2 1.23 87

2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 15 22.5 7.5 2.1.3 2.1.4 2 1 2.1.5 2.1.6 2.1.7 2.1.8 2.1.9 2.2 2.2.1 (1) 1.25 0.7MPa 1.6MPa (2) 50 15 (3) 3 2.2.1(3) 88

I II 2.2.1(3) (MPa) () (MPa) () (MPa) >1.6 >300 1.6 300 0.7 170 >1.6 >150 1.6 150 0.7 60 >4.0 >300 4.0 300 1.6 200 (1) I I II III II III (2) () 2.2.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) 2.2.3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 2.2.4 (1) 400 (100000h ) (2) 200 300 260 (3) I II 1.3MPa 220 II (4) III 89

60 220 (5) 1.6MPa (6) II III 5.65 A 12 A (7) (8) 350 (9) (10) 14 (=100000h) 2.5 13 (11) (12) (13) 60 0 2.2.5 (1) I 0.35MPa 1.5 300 2 P S = 1.5 [ ] [ σ ] σ 100 t P P S MPa P MPa [ σ ] 100 100 MPa [ σ ] t MPa T 90

1.5 P 90 15mm (2) 2.2.5(2) 2.2.5(2) 1.5 0.4MPa 1.25 7MPa (3) 1.5 7MPa 1.5 1.5 7MPa 0.5MPa 2.2.6 (1) 2 1 (2) (3) 2 l (4) 1 1 500 (5) 2.2.7 (1) (2) (3) (4) 2.2.8 (1) 91

(2 ) (3) (4) 2.3 2.3.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 2.3.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 2.3.3 (1) (2) 230mm (3) 200mm 0.6m 3 (4) (5) (6) 250mm (7) 115 220kW 120 (8) 220kW 1 15 2.3.4 (1) (2) (3) 1 92

440kW (4) 1470kW (5) 2.4 2.4.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 2.4.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 2.4.3 (1) (2) (3) 2.5 2.5.1 (1) ( ) ( (2) (3) (4) 1 93

(5) (6) (7) 2.5.2 (1) 2.5.2(6) 500 (2) 35 28s 35 30 ( ) 120mm (3) 7kn 60s 15 ( ) 230mm (4) 160N (5) (6) 2 2.5.2(2) 2.5.2(2) 2.5.3 (1) 2.5.2(6) 2 2 10 000 94

(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ( ) (7) (8) 2 1600 2.5.2(3) (9) 230mm( ) 45s 2.5.2(3) 10 000 30min l0min (10) 2.5.3(9) 95

2.5.4 (1) 2.5.3(4) 2 (2) 1600 2.5.3(4) 2.5.2(5)2.5.3(1) 2.5.4(1) 2.5.5 (1) 10 000 70 000 2 2.5.2(6) (2) 10 000 2.5.5(3) ( ) 45s (a) 2 2.5.2(2) (b) 2 2.5.2.(2) (c) (3) 10 000 100 000 2.5.5(2) 1 45s ( ) 96

97 3.3.2 (1) ( ) (2) ( ) ( ) ( ) A ( ) A ( )

3.3.3 (1) 3.6 (2) 3.3.5 3.4.1( )3.5.1( ) ( 45s) 3.3.4 (1) 12 (2) (3) 3.4.1( )3.5.1( ) ( ) 3.4.2()3.5.2( ) 3.3.5 3.3.3(2) (1) 12 (2) 3.4.2( )3.5.2() 3.3.6 (1) (2) (3) 3.3.7 3.3.8 3.3.9 3.3.10 3.3.11 22.5 10 3.4 3.4.1 ( ) (1) 12h 6h 98

16 2-2 (2) 12h 6h 8 4 5 5000 ( ) 2-2 ( ) (3) 2.5.3(5) (4) 0.5h ( ) 3.4.2 3.3.5 ( ) (1) 0.5h 3.4.1(1)(2) 3.4.1(2) (2) (3) 0.5h 3.4.3 3.4.1 (1) 3h 99

(2) 3.4.3(1) 3.5 3.5.1 ( ) 3h (1) 3h (2) 6h (3) 6h 3h 8 4 ( ) 2-2 ( ) (4) 2.5.3(5) 3.5.2 3.3.5 ( ) 0.5h (1) 3.5.1(1)(2) 3.5.1(3) (2) 3.5.1(3) 3.6 3.6.1 0 3.6.2 3 2 30min 3 2 3.6.3 (1) (2) 100

(3) 3.6.4 3.6.2 3.6.3 3.7 3.7.1 1600 3.3 3.7.2 (1) (2) 3.3.4(1)(2) 3.3.11 (3) 3.7.3 3.7.3 3h (1) (2) 8 (3) (4) 4 3.8 3.8.1 3.8.2 ( ) 3.8.3 ( 3.7 ) (1) 3.43.5 3.7 (2) (3) (4) (5) ( ) 3.9 3.9.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 101

(6) (7) 50V (8) 3.9.2 () 1M 10mm 2 3.9.3 (1) 250V (2) 250V (3) 250V (4) 50V (3)(4) 3.9.4 3.9.5 (1) (2) (3) 50V (4) 3.9.6 lkv 15kV 3.9.7 1600 3.9.8 3.9.7 (1) (2) (3) 30mA 3.9.9 3.9.10 (1) (2) 5A (3) (4) 1000V 3.9.11 1600 3.9.12 3.9.13 102

3.9.14 A 3.9.15 3.9.16 3.9.17 3.9.18 3.9.19 3.9.20 3.9.21 3.9.22 3.9.23 3.9.24 3.9.24 3.9.25 (1) (2) (3) (4) 3.9.26 2 2 3.9.27 4 4.1 4.1.1 ( ) 4.1.2 4 4.1.3 4.1.1 103

4.1.4 3 4.1.5 4.1.6 ( ) ( ) 4.2 4.2.1 (1) ( ) (2) 4.2.2 2250kW 300mm 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 500 4.3.3 4.4 4.4.1 ( ) ( ) 4.4.2 ( ) 4.4.3 4.4.4 4.4.5 4.4.6 4.4.7 4.4.8 (1) (2) 4.4.9 104

3 4.5 4.5.1 ( ) 4.6 4.6.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 4.6.2 () () 4.6.3 4.7 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.8 4.8.1 4.8.2 (1) 1 1600 (2) 1 1 4.8.3 4.8.4 (1) (2) (3) 4.6 (4) 105

4.8.5 5 5.1 5.1.1 106

2-2 1 1.1 1.1.1 20m 1.1.2 1 1 1.2 (1) 750 (2) ( ) (3) (4) 4.65m 2 ( ) 2.44m ( ) 5min 556 10min 659 15min 718 30min 821 60min 925 (5) A 1h 140 180 A60 60min A 30 30min A 15 15min A 0 0min 107

(6) B 0.5h 140 225 B 15 15min B 0 0min B (7) C (8) B A B B (9) A 40m (10) (11) (12) (13) ( ) (14) ( ) ) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) A 375kW (20) A (21) 0.18MPa (22) (23) 108

(24) (25) 4 8 1 2 3 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.1 5.2 6.1 ( ) 6.2 7 8 9 ( ) (26) 8 (27) 1.2(26) (28) (29) 21 (30) 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 (1) 1.3.4 23 43 180m 3 h (2) ( ) 80 25m 3 h 1.3.3 (1) 4000 3 500 4000 2 109

500 1 ( ) 1000 2 500 1000 l 500 1 ( ) (2) (3) 1000 2000 2 (a) 40 25m 3 h (b) (a) 1.3.4(2) (c) 0 30min 6 10min 2 (d) 3h 15h (e) 1.3.3(3) 1.3.3(3) (a) 1.3.3(3) (b) 1.3.4 (f) A 3.2 (g) 2 (h) 1000 2000 500 1 25m 3 h 15m 3 h 0.25Nmm 2 500 1.3.3(1) 1 1 4h 15m 3 h 0.25Nmm 2 1.3.2 1.3.4 1 110

(4) 2000 1 2000 1 ( ) 1 1600 (5) (6) 40m 1.3.4 (1) 2 140m 3 h (2) 2 1.3.8 1.3.4(1) 4000 0.40MPa 4000 0.30MPa 6000 0.27MPa 1000 6000 0.25MPa 500 1000 (1 ) 2 12m 500 (1 ) 1 (3) 1.3.5 (1) 2 1 1 2 1 (2) 1.3.5(1) (3) A 2 A 2 1.3.6 (1) 1 1 (2) 1 (3) l 111

( ) 1 1.3.7 (1) l 20m 1 500 (2) (3) 1 (4) 1000 30m 1 1 5 500 1000 3 500 1 1.3.8 (1) 12mm16mm 19mm (2) 12mm (3) ( ) 2 19mm (4) ( ) 1.3.9 1.3.10 1000 (1) (2) 1.3.10(2) (3) 1.0MPa 1.0MPa 1 50mm 16mm 4 8 1.3.10(2) 112 (mm) 178 64 132 19 4 14.5 4 16 50

1.4 1.4.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 60 ( ) (7) (8) (9) (10) (13) (11) (12) (13) 2.43.24.4 (14) 1.4.2 (CO 2 ) (1) 30 (2) 40 40 35 2000 35 30 (3) ( )45 (4) 45 113

(5) 45 (6) lkg 0.56m 3 (7) 85 2min (8) 2 (9) 24.5MPa (CO 2 ) 0.67kgL 1 1012mm 18.6±1Mpa CO 2 45( ) 12 (10) 024.5MPa A 85 2min 1.4.2(10) (mm) 1.4.2(10) (kg) (mm) 15 45 76 2000 20 100 90 3250 25 135 100 4750 32 275 114 6800 40 450 127 9500 50 1100 152 15250 (kg) 114

1.4.2(10) 20mm 15mm 1.4.2(10) (mm) (mm) 21.326.9 3.2 2.6 30.048.3 4.0 3.2 51.060.3 4.5 3.6 63.576.1 5.0 3.6 82.588.9 5.6 4.0 101.6 6.3 4.0 108.0114.3 7.1 4.5 127.0 8.0 4.5 133.0139.7 8.0 5.0 152.4168.3 8.8 5.6 (11) 24.5MPa 10 1.4.2(9) 11.8MPa 11.8MPa 1MPa 0.69MPa 2.47MPa 1.4.3 0.75m 3 lkg 1.4.4 (1) 1.4.3 115

(2) (3) 25 72h 1.5 1.5.1 1 (2) (3) 13.5L 9L (4) 13.5L 9L (5) 1 1 20L 1 1.5m 3 min 121 (6) 1 (7) 1000 5 1.6 1.6.1 (1) A 1.4 1.8 1.9 (2) 1 1.5.1(5) 100 (3) 2 135L 1 175kW (4) 1 0.28m 3 1 1.6.2 A (1) A 1.6.1(1) (2) 1.5.1(5) 1 100 116

(3) 45L 100 1 (4) 1 10m 2 1.6.3 500 A 2 L 2m 250mm 1 1 1.6.4 ( ) 375kW (1) 45L 1.6.1(1) (2) 1 l0m 2 1.6.1(3) (3) 1.6.1(1) 1.6.5 500 500 500 (1) 1.6.1(1)1.6.2(1) (2) 1.6.1(2)(3)(4)1.6.2(2)(3)(4) 1.5.1(4) 45L 1 1 1 1.6.6 1000 (1) 1.6.1(1)1.6.2(1) (2) 1.6.1(2)(3)(4)1.6.2(2)(3)(4) 1.5.1(4) 45L 1 500 2 1 1 1.6.7 1.6.8 500 4h 3 1.7 1.7.1 5min 150mm 121 117

1.7.2 1.7.3 1.8 1.8.1 1m 5 10001 1.8.2 I 3 400m 2 2 1.8.3 1.8.4 1.8.5 1.9 1.9.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 1.5 1.9.2 1.9.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 5 Lmin m 2 1.9.3 (1) 1.9.1 (2) (6) 118

(2) 2.5m 3.5Lmin m 2 2.5m 5Lmin m 2 (3) 20m A (4) (5) (6) ( ) 1.10 1.10.1 A 1.10.2 500 (1) 3.5 (2) (3) (2) 1.15.1(2) (4) A A (5) ( ) (6) 1.12 1.10.3 100 500 1000 500 (1) 119

(2) (3) (4) ( ) ( ) (5) A 3.5 1.10.4 100 1000 500 4h (1) 1.10.2(2) (2) (3) A 1.11 1.11.1 (1) (2) (3) 1 1.11.2 (1) 200 (2) 1 (3) (4) 6879 30 (5) (6) 120

5 Lmin m 2 1.11.3 (1) 1.11.4(2) lmin (2) 1.11.4 (1) 1 (2) 1.11.2(6) 280m 2 (3) 1 1 1.11.3(1) (4) (5) A 1.11.5 (1) (2) (3) (4) 1.11.4(5) 1.11.6 (1) (2) (3) 1.11.4(5) 1.11.7 (1) 1 1 (2) (3) 1.11.1(2) 1.12 1.12.1 (1) (2) 121

(3) 2 1 (4) 2min A (5) (6) (7) (8) 50 (9) (10) A (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 1 ( ) ( ) 1.12.2 (1) 1 20m (2) (3) (2) 122

1.12.1(11) (4) 0.5m (5) 1.12.2(5) 1.12.2(5) (m) (m 2 ) (m) 37 9 4.5 74 11 5.5 (6) A 1.12.3 (1) (2) 1.12.2(2) m 2 m 12.5 (3) l 54 78 (4) 30 1.13 1.13.1 (1) 1.13 (2) 2 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 123

1.13.2 (1) 1 (2) 12m (3) (4) 4 (5) (6) 1.13.3 (1) (2) m 6.65 (3) 2 (4) (5) (6) 12mm (7) 1.14 1.14.1 1.12 1.14.2 1.14.3 1.15 1.15.1 2000 (1)(6) 4000 2000 (1)(6) ( ) (1) 60 43 10 60 43 124

(2) 4 2 1 3 0.18MPa A A A 60 A () () () a) (a) b) 1 (b) (c) b) [ a (a) ] (a) (b) a () b c ( ) () (c) () 125

(3) A ( ) 1.15.1(2) 1.15.1(2) a) (a)(c) (4) 1.15.1(2) (5) 1.15.1(1)1.15.1(4) () (6) 1.15.2 500 2000 1.15.1(1)(2) 1.15.1(6) 1.15.3 500 4000 2000 1.15.1(1)(6) 1.16 1.16.1 2m 0.02m 2 (1) (2) (3) A B ( B ) 600mm 1.16.2 0.02m 2 A (1) 3mm 900mm 450mm (2) 0.075m 2 (1) A 126

1.16.3 A (1)(2) (1) 300mm 3mm 760mm 5mm 300mm 760mm 5m A 60 100 1000 500 4h (2) 1.16.3(1) A 60 1.16.8 100 1000 500 4h A 0 1.16.4 A (1)(2) (1) A 1.16.3(1) (2) A 1.16.3(1) A 60 1.16.8 100 1000 500 4h A 0 1.16.5 B 0.02m 2 900mm 450mm 1.16.6 1.16.7 A (1) 1 (2) 1 (3) (4) 1.16.8 127

1.21.2 1.16.9 1.16.10 1.16.1 1 3.1.1 1.17 1.17.1 (1) 1 1 ( ) 3h 1 (2) 1 1 36m 1 1 1200L 1 30min (3) 1 1.17.2 100 1.17.3 (1) 500 2 100 500 1 128 1 100 4h 1 100 (2) 2000 2 500 2000 1 500 (3)

2000 4 500 2000 2 500 1 1.18 1.18.1 100 500 1000 1.18.2 (1) A B 1 l (2) (3) 1 (4) 1.19 1.19.1 1.20 1.20.1 1.21 1.21.1 A B 1.21.2 A 1.21.3 B 1.21.4 A B 1.21.5 1.21.6 1.21.7 1.21.8 129

1.21.9 2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 (1) AB 200 (2) A B A lh (1) B 0.5h (1) 2.1.3 A 2.2 2.2.1 500 (1) A 2.4.3 (2) 1600m 2 48m (3) (4) A 2.4.3b (5) (6) 2.13 2.13 2.3 2.3.1 B (1) B B B (2) 1.11 B B 2.4 B 2.3.2 2.3.1 B 130

B 2.4 2.4.1 100 2.4.2 (1) 11 1.2.1(10) ( ) 4m 2 ( ) A 1.2.1(19) A 1.2.1(20) ( ) 4m 2 ( ) 11 1.2.1(18) (2) 1.11 2.4.3a 2.4.3 b (3) 1.11 131

2.4.3a 2.4.3 b 2.4.3a 2.4.3b 2.4.3a 11 A0 c A0 A15 A0 A15 A60 A15 A60 A60 * A60 C e B0 e A0 a B0 e B0 e A60 A0 A0 3 C e A0 a B0 e B0 e A60 A0 A0 A0 a B0 e A0 a B0 e A60 A0 A0 A15 A0 d * A15 A15 A0 d * A15 A0 d * A15 A0 d A15 C e A60 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A * A0 A0 A60 * A60 A0 b A0 A0 * A0 * A0 * A0 A0 b * A15 10 * A0 11 A0 2.4.3b 11 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A30 A0 A0 A0 * A15 A0 * * A0 * A30 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A15 A0 * A0 * A30 A0 A0 A0 * A15 A0 d A0 A0 A0 * A0 A30 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A15 A0 A0 A0 * A30 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A A60 A60 A60 A60 A15 * A15 f A15 A60 * A60 A15 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A0 * A0 A60 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 * A0 * A0 A30 A60 A0 d A30 A0 d A30 A0 d A0 A60 A0 A0 A0 * A30 * * * * * * * * * A0 11 A60 A15 A30 A0 d A15 A0 A30 A0 A0 A30 A0 A0 2.4.3 a 2.4.3 b a 2.6 b b A 0 c B 0 d 2.4.2(2)(3) e A 0 g * A 2.4.3 b * A 0-132

(4) 2.1.1 A A (5) B 2.4.3 500 2.4.3 2.4.4 100 500 2.4.4 2.4.4 a B0 B0 A0 C C A0 a B0 A0 a C A0 a C A0 C B0 C * A0 a C A30 p A15 A30 p A15 A30 p A15 A30 p A15 B0 A0 A0 * A0 C C A0 * C C C A0 * A0 A0 A0 * C * * A0 * A * * A0 A30 * A0 * * * C * * C * k * C * * 11 C 2.4.4b 11 * * * * * A30 p * * m * * * A15 * * * * * A30 p A15 A0 A0 * A0 A30 p A15 * * * * * A30p A15 133 * * m * * * * " m * * A0 * * m * * * A0 * * * A0 * * A A30p A15 A30 p A15 A30 p A15 A30 p A15 A0 * A0 A0 A30 * A30 A0 A0 * A0 * * * A0 A0 * A0 A0 * A0 ) A0 A0 A0 A0 A15 p A0 * * A0 * * * * * * * * * * 11 A30 A15 A15 A15 A15 * * A15 * : 2.4.4.a 2.4.4b a 2.6 k

P 375kW * A m A 2.4.5 100 (1) (2) A A 0 2.4.6 4h 2.4.5 2.5 2.5.1 (1) 2 1 1 800mm (2) 2 1 (3) 2 (4) (5) (1)(2) 1 3 3.2.1(3) (6) (7) 2.5.2 (1) 2.5.1(1)(2)(5)(6) (2) 2.5.3 2 (1) 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 (2) 2 (3) 1000 1 1000 134

(4) 1 2.5.4 1 2.6 2.6.1 100 (1) A 2.4.3b 2.4.4b (2) 2.5.1 50 (3) (4) 2.6.2 100 4h (1) B B 0 (2) 2.6.1(2) (4) 2.7 A 2.7.1 100 (1) (2) A A (3) 1 (4) 3.5 135

(5) A A 2.7.2 100 4h (1) A A 0 (2) A 0 (3) 2.8 B 2.8.1 500 (1) B 0.05m 2 B (2) B 2.3.1(2) (3) B B 2.8.2 500 4h (1) B (2) B 2.3.1(2) B (3) 2.8.1(3) 2.9 2.9.1 2.7.1(5)2.8.1(3) 2.9.2 2.9.3 2.10 2.10.1 500 (1) (2) (3) (4) 2.5mm 1.11 136

C (5) (4) 45MJm 2 (6) 6 (7) (8) ( ) 2.10.2 100 500 (1) (2) 2.5mm 45MJm 2 (3) (4) ( ) (5) (6) ( ) 2.10.3 100 4h (1) (2) ( ) 2.11 2.11.1 100 (1) 14m (2) 2.11.2 100 4h 2.11.1(1) 137

2.12 2.12.1 100 (1) 1.12 1.11 1.12 (2) 1.13 4h (3) (4) (5) (6) 2.12.2 100 1.12 2.13 2.13.1 2.13.2 2.13.4 2.13.2 (1) l0m 1161.212.7 (2) 2.4 2.4 (3) (4) 1.12 1.12 1 138

(5) 1.6.3 3 1.5 1 2 2 1 (6) 1h 10 2.13.3 (1) (2) ( ) 450mm 450mm 450mm 2.13.4 (1) 2 1 2 (2) 2.14, 2.14.1 ( ) 2.14.22.14.5 2.14.2 139

1.12 1.13 2.14.4 2.14.3 (1) 1.12 45 10min 23 2.13.2(3) 2.13.3(1) 2.13.4(1) (2) 1 2.14.4 (1) lh 6 (2) (2) (3) (4) (5) 2.14.5 (1) (2) (3) 2.14.6 2.15.1(1)(2) 2.15 2.15.1 (1) 2.13.2(1) 2.15 (2) 2.4.3a2.4.3b 2.4.4a 2.4.4b (8) 2.15.2 (1) 2.14 2.14.5 2.15.3 (1) 2.13.2(3)2.13.3(1)2.14.2( )2.14.3(2) 2.16 2.16.1 2000 (1) (2) 2000 140

(2) 1.4 1.2(25) 3.11 2.16.2 4h 2.16.1(1) 2000 2.17 2.17.1 1.2(25) 3.11 2.18 4h 2.18.1 (1) (2) 1.3 1.9 1.5(5) 2 4 1.6.3 2 1.5(3)(4) 4 (3) 1 2.18.2 2.14 2.18.3 2.15 3 3.1 3.1.1 4000 (1) (2) A B 200 (3) A B A 1h 3.1.1(2) B 0.5h 3.1.1(2) (4) A (5) B B (6) A B 50m 2 70m 2 1.12 141

3.1.2 4000 3.1.1(1)(4) 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.3 a 3.2.3 b 3.2.4 a 3.2.4 b 3.2.5 3.2.2 3.2.3 a 3.2.3 b 3.2.4 a 3.2.4 b (1) 11 1.2(10) ( ) 4m 2 A 1.2(19) A 1.2(20) ( ) 4m 2 ( ) 11 1.2(14) (2) 3.1.1(1) A A (3) B 142

3.2.3 4000 3.2.3 3.2.3a 11 A0 C A0 A15 A0 A0 A60 A0 A15 A15 * A15 C B0 A0 g B0 B0 A60 A0 A0 A0 * A0 h A0 g B0 A0 g B0 C A60 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A0g B0 A60 A0 A0 A0 * A0 * A0 * * m * * * m A * A0 A0 j A15 * A0 j * A0 A0 * A0 * A0 * A0 A0 k * A0 * 11 * m 3.2.3b 11 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A15 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A0 * * A0 * A15 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A15 A0 * A0 * A15 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A0 A0 A0 * * A15 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A0 A0 * A0 * A0 * * m * * A0 AA60 A60 A60 A60 A15 * A0 A0 j A60 * A60 A0 A 0 A0 A0 * A0 * A0 A0 * A0 A15 A0 A0 A0 * A0 j * * A0 * A0 A15 A0 A0 A0 A0 A15 * * m A0 k * A0 * * * * * * * * m * * 11 A15 A0 A0 A0 * A0 j A0 A0 A0 * * m 3.2.3a 3.2.3b c B 0 g B 0 A 0 h 3.1.1(6) A B 50m 2 i 3.11.3(8) k A 0 m A * A 143

3.2.4 1000 4000 3.2.4 3.2.4a 11 B0 c B0 A0 B0 B0 C C B0 q C B0 q C B0 q C C B0 q C A15 p A0 A15 P A0 A15 p A0 A15 p A0 B0 A0 A0 * A0 * * m A0 * * m * * m A0 * * m * * m A0 * * m * * * * m A * A0 A15 l A0 A0 * * m * * * m * * * m * k * * m * A15 1 A0 3.2.4 b A15 P * * * * * * * m * * * m A0 A15 P * m * m * * * * * * * * A0 A15 P A0 A0 * A0 * * m * * A0 A0 * * * * * A15 P A0 * * m * * * m A0 * * * A0 m * * m A A15P A15 p A15 p A0 A0 A0 A15 p A0 A0 * A0 A15 j A0 A15 p A0 A15 1 A0 A0 A0 * A0 * m * * m A0 A0 * A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 * A15 1 A0 A15 p A0 m * A0 m * * A0 * * * * * * * * m * * m 11 A0 A0 * A0 144 A15 1 A0 * * m * * m 3.24 a 3.2.4 b p 375kW q B 0 1 3.11.3(8) A 60 A15 3.2.3 a 3.2.3 b

3.2.5 1000 (1) (2) A 3.3 3.3.1 1000 (1) ( ) 2 (a) (b) l 7m 2 (2) 2 (3) A 2 2 1 l 1 1 1 1 (4) 1 1 A 1 (5) A 1 (6) 3.3.2 1000 (1) 1 (2) 1 (3) 1 7m (4) (5) 3.4 3.4.1 4000 (1) B 0 145

A 0 A 0 (2) 12 12 2 (1) A 0 B 0 (3) 3.4.2 1000 4000 (1) B 0 (2) 3.4.3 1000 3.5 3.5.1 1000 (1) A B (2) A (3) (4) 0.05m 2 (5) 3.6 3.6.1 4000 (1) (2) 2.5mm 45MJm 2 (3) (4) ( ) (5) 3.6.2 1000 4000 3.6.1(3)(4)(5) 3.6.3 1000 3.6.1(5) 3.7 3.7.1 14m 3.8 3.8.1 146

3.9 3.9.1 4000 (1) 3.1.1(6) 1.12 (2) 3.1.1(6) ( ) 1.12 3.9.2 1000 4000 3.10 3.10.1 (1) 3.10.2 3.10.3 2000 1.4 (2) (1) (3) (1) 1.4 3.10.2 (1) 1.12 1.12 (2) 1.4 (a) 45 23 l0min (b) (c) 2.13.2(3) 2.13.2(3) 2.1 2 1 (a) 1.6.3 3 147

(b) 1.5 1 2 (3) 6 l (4) ( ) 450mm 10 3.10.3 3.10.2 1.13 3.10.2(1) 3.10.2(2) 3.11 3.11.1 1.2.1(25) 3.11.2 3.11.4 3.11.2 (1) 3.10 2.132.14 2.15 3.11.2(2) 3.11.3 (2) 3.11.2 (2) 500 3.11.4 (2) 3.11.2(1) 3.11.2(2) 148

( ) 3.11.3 3.11.2(1) 3.11.2(2) 3.11.2(3) (1) 1.3 4 3.11.2(1) 3.11.2(2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 3.11.3 (1) (1) (1) (1) (2) d (3) d (4) a d (4) a 3.11 d (5) 3.11.2(2) (6) (6) (7) (8) b (9) C 3.11.2(2) 1.2.25 4.1 4.2 4.3 f 5.1 6.1 8 9 3.11.3 (1) (1) e (2) g h h (4) g (4) i g g.i gi (4) (6) (8) g j 149

3.11.2(3) 1.4S 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.1 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.1 5.2 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 8 8 8 8 9 1.2.251.1-3.2 1.6 3.11.3 23 >23 61 23>23 61 (1) (1) (1) (1) (2) (3) (4) (4) (5) (6) n (7) (8) 1 m (9) 3.11.2(1) 3.11.2(2) 3.11.2(3) 3.11.2(1) 3.11.2(3) a 4 5.1 2 3 6.1 8 2 1 1 b c d e f g h 79 i j A.434( ) k l 3m m n (2) ( ) (3) 150

1.12 1.12 1.13 1.13.1(1) (4) 6 (5) (6) 1.17 4 1.17 2 (7) 12kg (8) A A60 3m A60 (9) ( ) (10) (11) 3.11.4 3 4 4.1 4.1.1 60( ) 151

4.1.2 4.1.1 4 5 6 4.1.3 4.1.4 60( ) 3 4.14 3.10 4.1.5 4.1.1 4.15 4.1.6 4 5 6 4.2 4.2.1 2000 (1) A 13 25000t (2) ( ) ( ) (1) (3) ( ) A 375kW (4) 1 152

(5) 2m 4.4 (6) (7) 3m A60 (8) 4 3m 5m 5m A 60 ( ) 4.2.2 2000 4.2.1 4.2.1(7)(8) A60 A15 4.3 4.3.1 2000 (1) 3.1.1(1)(5) (2) C 4.3.2 500 2000 (1) 3.1.1(1)(4) (2) A B 50m 2 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 (1) 153

1.2.1(10) ( ) 4m 2 A 1.2.1(19) A 1.2.1(20) 4m 2 ( ) (2) 3.1.1(1) A A (3) (4) B 4.4.3 2000 4.4.3 4.4.3 a A0 c A0 A15 A0 A0 A60 A0 A60 A15 * C B0 A0 s B0 B0 A60 A0 A60 A0 h A0g * B0 C A60 A0 A60 A0 A0 g A0 g A60 A0 A60 A0 * B0 B0 * A15 * A15 A0 * A * A0 A0 q A15 * * A0 A0 * * A60 * A0 k * 154 *

4.4.3 b A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A15 A0 A0 * A0 * * A0 * A15 A0 A0 * A15 A0 * A0 * A15 A0 A0 * A0 A0 A0 * * A15 A0 A0 * A0 A0 * A0 * A0 * * * * A A60 A60 A60 A60 A15 A60 e A0 A60 * A0 A0 A0 A0 * A0 * A0 A0 * A0 q A0 * * A15 A0 A0 A0 A0 A60 A0 A0 * * * * * * * * * * 4.4.3 a 4.4.3 b c B 0 g B 0 A 0 h 3.1.1(6) A B 50m 2 q A k k A 0 e * A. a 4.4.4 500 2000 4.4.5 4.4.4 4.4.4 B0 B0 A0 B0 B0 C C B0 g * d B0 g C C B0 g C C C B0 g C A15 p A0 A15 p A0 A15 p A0 A15 p A0 B0 A15 A0 * C A0 A0 * C A0 A0 * B0 g C A15 A0 * * * A0 * * A * A0 A0 q A15 p A0 * A0 * * * A15 * * k * * 155

4.4.4 b A0 A0 A0 A0 * A15 A0 A0 * A0 * * A0 * A15 A0 A0 * A15 A0 * A0 * A15 A0 A0 * A0 A0 A0 * * A15 A0 A0 * A0 A0 * * * A0 * * * A A30 p A0 A30 P A0 A30 p A0 A30 p A0 A0 * A0 A0 A15 p A0 A0 A0 A0 * A0 * A0 A0 * A0 * A0 q A0 * A15 p A0 A0 A0 A0 * A0 A0 A0 * * * * * * * * * * 4.4.4 a 4.4.4.b d A B 50m 2 g 4.6.2 4.4.3 a 4.4.3 b 4.4.5 500 (1) (2) A 4.5 4.5.1 500 3.3.1(1)(3)(4)(5)(6) 4.5.2 500 3.3.2 4.6 4.6.1 2000 3.4.1 4.6.2 500 2000 3.4.2 4.6.3 500 3.4.3 4.7 4.7.1 500 3.5.1 4.8 156

4.8.1 2000 (1) ( ) (2) 2.5mm 45MJ m 2 (3) (4) ( ) (5) 4.8.2 500 2000 (1) (2) 4.8.1(2)(3)(4)(5) 4.8.3 500 4.8.1(5) 4.9 4.9.1 14m 4.9.2 4.10 4.10.1 3.8 4.11 4.11.1 2000 1.12 4.11.2 2000 1.12 4.12 4.12.1 (1) (2)(10) (2) (3) 157

(2) (4) (5) (6) (7) (2) 2m 5m (8) (2) (9) (2) 30ms 6m 4m 6m 10m 2m l0m 1.25 (10) 4.1.1 4.12.2 (1) 4.15.7(2) ( ) 2 (2) 4.12.1(9) 20ms 2m 30 4.12.3 (1) 158

20 (2) 4.12.1 (3) 4.2.1(4) 4.12.4 (1) (2) (3) 4.12.4(3) 4.13 4.13.1 20 000t 4.14 4.15 4.13.2 (1) (2) 4.13.3 (1) (2) 4.13.4 4.15 4.13.5 4.13.6 20 000t 1 4.14 4000t 4.14.3 500 4.14 4.14.1 (1) 159

(2) 4.14.2 (1) 0.6 Lmin m 2 6 Lmin m 2 3 Lmin m 2 1250 Lmin (2) (1) 20min 30min ( ) 12l 121 ( 501 1501 ) 4.14.3 (1) 4.14.2(1) 50 4000t 4.14.2(1) 25 (2) 4.14.1(1) 1 3 Lmin m 2 1250 Lmin (3) 75 (4) 1 4000t 1 (5) 400 Lmin 15m 4 2 4.14.4 (1) ( ) (2) 2 4.14.5 1.5 1.25 4.15 4.15.1 (1) (2) 160

? ( ) 8 (3) 125 ( ) ( ) 5 (4) (5) 4.15.2 (1) 4.15.1(3) (2) (3) A 4.15.3 (1) 2 4.15.1(3) 4.15.1(3) 1 (2) 2 1 (3) (4) A 4.15.4 (1) (2) 1 (3) 4.15.6 2 2 (4) (5) (6) 161

(7) 4.15.5 (1) 1 4.15.8(9)(10) 4.15.3 (2) (1) 4.15.6 (1) 2 4.15.5(1) (2) (1) (3) (1) 2 (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (1) (9) (8) 4.15.5 4.15.7 (1) (2) 7kPa 4.12.1(1) (3) (2) 4.12.1 4.15.8 (1) (2) 4.15.6(1) (3) (2) ( ) 162

(4) (2) (2) (5) (6) (2)(3)(4)(5) (7) 4.15.2(1) 4.15.2(1) 4.15.8(1) 4.15.3 4.15.8(2) ( ) 8 4.15.5 4.15.8(2) 4.15.6(1) 4.15.8(2) lkpa 4.15.8(2)03 (8) (9) 4.15.8(7) (10) 4.15.8(7) (11) 4.15.8(7) 8( ) 4.15.6(8) (12) 4.15.8(7) ( (13) 4.15.8(7) (14) 1 4.15.8(7) 4.15.9 4.15.10 (1) 1.5 1.25 (2) 163

4.16 4.16.1 (1) 1.4 1.4.1(6) (2) 1.8 (3) 1.9 4.16.2 5 5.1 50 5.2 50 100 500 6 20m 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 A 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.3 6.3.1 ( ) 1 6.3.2 6.4 6.4.1 3.11 164

3 1 1.1 1.1.1 20m 1.1.2 1999 9 1 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1.5 1 1.2 1.2.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 96 (7) 2 2.1 2.1.1 (1) 2 5.15.25.3 5.4 (2) 2.2.1 1 (3) 2 (4) 2.1.2 (1) 2.1.2 (2) ( ) 112 (3) 60m l 165

40m 60m 1 40m 500 1 (4) ( ) ( ) () 2.1.2 50 25 50 125 50 60 110 20 50 40 110 L 40m 30 30 60 L <40m 40 40 L (m) (5) 200 (6) 2.1.3 (1) 2.1.3 () 2.1.3 (m) 200 200 L 60 150 150 L <60 150 150 110 110 100 100 L <25m (2) 110 (3) 60 ( ) 85m 50 60m 85m 166

60m (4) 60 ( ) 2.1.4 (1) 2.1.3(1) (2) ( ) 2.1.3(2) (3) ( ) 36 2.1.2 ( ) 36 2.1.3 2.2 2.2.1 (1) 5.5 2.2.1 (2) 5.5.2 5.5.3 (3) 5.5.4 2.2.2 (1) 1 5.6 (2) (3) 5 L (m) () () 2.2.1 () () 45> L 20 4 2 1 60> L 45 8 4 120> L 60 12 6 1 1 180> L 120 18 9 240> L 180 24 12 45> L 20 4 l 1 75> L 45 6 3 100> L >75 8 4 150> L 100 10 5 200> L 150 12 6 L 200 14 7 1 1 2.3 2.3.1 4 2.4 2.4.1 40m 60m 167

( ) 4 1 ( 1 4 ) 2.4.2 500 12 500 5.2.5 5.3.3 2.4.3 40m 1 7 3 3.1 3.1.1 (1) (2) 2 5min (3) 80m 80m 120m 120m 120m 80m 80m 1.5 (4) 20 ( ) 2m (5) (6) 20 3.1.2 (1) 5min (2) 3.1.3 3.1.4 (1) (2) 1 168

3.1.5 3.1.6 3.2 3.2.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) 1 3.2.2 (1) 1 (2) 3.2.3 (1) 2300kg (2) 10 20 (3) 30min l0min (4) (5) 1.5 1.1 (6) 2.2 (7) ( ) 4.5 6 (8) 0.61.0ms (9) 169

3.2.4 (1) 5min (2) 3.2.3(2)(5)(6) (3) ( ) 0.61.0ms (4) 3.2.5 (1) 12 17 (2) 4 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 4.1.3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 4.1.4 170

4.1.5 4.1.6 4.2 4.2.1 (1) (2) (3) 4.2.2 (1) 4.2.2 4.2.2 () () 41 2 4161 3 6285 4 85 5 (2) 1 1 ( ) 4.2.3 (1) 1 (2) 1 (3) 1 4.2.4 1 ( ) (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) (5) ( ) (6) (7) ( ) (8) (9) 171

(10) 4.2.5 (1) 1 (2) 1 25 24h 1 (3) (4) (5) 4 1 1 ( ) (6) 7 1 5 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 243338K(3065) 272303K(130 ) 5.1.4 5.1.5 5.2 5.2.1 (1) (2) GM 2 GM = 0.05( B B + 4) m B m (3) 44 (4) (5) (6) 5m (7) 20t (8) 4 (9) 0.64 172

0.64 (10) 60 150 (11) 200mm 350mm (12) l 2 2 (13) (14) 2 (15) 1 12h 2nmile 2 5.2.2 (1) (2) V L V = (2A1 + A2 + 2A3) m 3 6 L m A 1 A 2 A 3 L 4 L 4 L 4 m 2 ( 5. 2.2) A 1 A 2 A 3 h A 1 ( A2 A 3 ) = ( a + 4b + 2c + 4d + e) m 2 12 h ( 5.2.2)m a b cde h 4 ( 5.2.2)m 5.2.2 (3) (2) L 4 L 100 L 2 L 100 A 1 A 3 (4) (2) L 2 45 0.45B A 2 L 4 A 1 A 3 A 2 L 100 A 1 A 3 (5) 1.2m (2) 1.2m 173

(6) (2)(5) (7) (m 3 ) L >7.5m 0.283 L =5.0m 0.396 5.0m< L <7.5m 5.2.3 (1) (2) 1.2m (5) (3) (4) (5) 6kPa 5min 0.6m 1h (6) (7) (8) V V =.1V + 0.001( KG + 0.76G + G 28 ) m 3 1 0 1 2 3 R V 5.2.2(2) m 3 G 1 kg 1 G 2 kg G 3 kg R 1 K K = 1.13 ( r ) r 174

G1 G 2 G 3 100kg 0.1m 3 (9) 100 (8) 5.2.4 (1) 43 (2) (3) (4) 50V (5) 6kn 1 25 2kn 4kn (6) (5) 12h (7) (8) (9) 258K ( 15 ) 10 10 (10) 2h (5) 5.2.5 (1) (2) 5.2.5 5.2.5 1 () 1 (4) 8m8m 6 8m 8 2 () 1 1 (6) 8m8m 6 8m 8 2 3 l 4 2 5 1 6 l 2 7 1 1 175

5.2.5 8 2 2 9 L 9 1 1 10 2 2 11 1 1 12 1 1 13 2 2 5kN 3 1 812mm 2 15m 14 / 1/3 1/3 10MJ 15 / 2 2 16 l 1 17 1 1 18 4 4 19 6 6 20 2 2 21 1 l 2 22 2 2 4mm 30m 23 1 1 24 1 1 25 6 6 200 26 1 1 27 1 l 28 1 l 29 1 30 1 31 1 1 32 l 80w 3h 5.2.6 (1) 75kg 176

0.3m GM 5.2.1(2) (2) 44 (3) W W = K W + K W + ) kg 1 1 2( 2 W3 W 1 ( )kg W 2 ( )kg W ( 75kg ) 3 K 1 0.25 1 K 2 1.25 2 5min 18h (4) 3.0m ( ) 6m 0.05m 2.5m ( ) (5) 75kg 2h (6) (7) ( 30kg ) (8) 2h 5.2.4(5) 177

6kn 1 25 1 2kn (9) 38mm 76mm (10) 5.3 5.3.1 (1) 2 ( ) (2) (3) (4) 2 8 1 0.4m (5) 1 3kn (6) l0mm (7) 12h 2 n mile (8) (9) ( ) (m 3 ) 0.085 ( ) (m 2 ) 0.330 6 (10) 185kg 5.3.2 5.3.15.3.3 5.3.4 (1) 1 6 (2) (3) 293±3K(20±3 ) 4 178

243K(30 ) 1.1 5.3.3 (1) 5.3.3 (2) 5.3.3 141317 19 1 2 2 1 3 1 4 1 20m 5.3.3 5 13 10MJ 6 12 7 1 8 l 9 3 10 1 11 l 1 2 12 l 13 1 4mm 30m 14 1 15 l 16 1 17 1 1 18 l 19 2 5.3.4 (1) 10.665 76kPa(80mmHg) 2h 10[ 3K(3 ) 1K(1 ) 399.966Pa(3mmHg)] 3 5min 2 (2) ( ) 293±2K(20 2 ) lmin 243K(30 24h ) 3min 338K(65)6h 18m (3) 5.2.6(4) 5.3.2(3) (4) 179

(5) 300mm (6) 75kg 4.5m (7) 3 90m 2 1 (8) 1 (9) 1 3kn (10) 30 (11) 5.4 5.4.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 1 2 12m (6) 1 l0mm (7) (1)(6) 2 l0mm (8) 185kg 5.4.2 (1) (kg) 14.5 (mm) 305 (2) (mm) 305 ( 14.5kg) 180

( 85kg ) (m 2 0.33 (3) 6 5.4.3 (1) 1 2 1 4mm 30m 1 (2) 1 1 1 5.4.4 (1) (2) ( ) 6kPa 5min 0.6m lh 5.3.4(1) (3) l0m (4) 0.3m 7kg ( 30kg) ( 75kg ) (5) 24h (6) 5.3.4(2) 323K 253K(50 20 ) 10m (7) ( ) 5.5 5.5.1 (1) 5.1.35.1.4 5.1.5 (2) (3) 800mm 400mm (4) 14.5kg 24h (5) 2s (6) 30m ( ) (7) 2.5kg 181

4kg ( ) (8) 10mm 1 4 4 4 5.5.2 5.5.3 5.5.4 8mm 5kN 30m 2 5.5.5 5.6 5.6.1 (1) 5.1.35.1.4 5.1.5 (2) 1min 4.5m (3) 5s 12cm 2050 (4) 1 (5) 2s (6) 24h 5 5.6.2 (1) 2 5.6.1(3) (2) 5.6.3 5.7 5.7.1 5.7.2 5.7.3 182

1 4.8600cm 5 2 3440cm 10 3 130cm90cm 3 4 1.2100cm l 5 10g 2 6 55cm 2 0.71.0cm 7 12cm l 8 10cm 1 9 3cm 10 10 1ml10 ml 10 11 75 ml 20 12 2.5 2cm 20 13 20g 2 14 2.5g 2 15 50 16 10 17 0.5g 80 183

4 1 1.1 1.1.1 20m (1) (2) 1.1.2 3 1.1.3 1 1.1.4 1.1.5 1.2 1.2.1 1999 2 1 2.1.1 NAVTEX VHF VHF SART 1.2.2 1.2.1 1999 2 1 (1) 2001 2 1 (1992) (2) 2001 2 1 1.2.3 1999 2 1 1.3 1.3.1 (1) (2) (3) (DSC) (CCIR) (4) (5) (6) (INMARSAT) 1976 9 3 (7) ( NAVTEX) 518kHz (NBDP) 1992 1 ITU ( ITU R) 1994 12 5 9 l0 ( ) (INMARSAT). 184

(8) (9) (10) (11) (12) A1 DSC (VHF) (13) A2 A1 DSC (MF) (14) A3 A1 A2 INMARSAT 1.3.2 1.4 1.4.1 1.5 1.5.1 (1) vhf VHF DSC VHF DSC70 (2) MF DSC 2187.5kHz (3) MFHF DSC 2187.5kHz 8414.5kHz DSC 4207.5kHz6312kHz12577kHz 16804.5kHz (4) INMARSAT 1.5.2 2005 2 1 VHF 16 1.6 1.6.1 1.7 1.7.1 12 17 1.8 1.8.1 ( ) NAVTEX ( 951E) A.801(19) (GMDSS) 185

( ) 4h 2.1 2 2.1.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.1 DSC VHF 2005 2 1 DSC 2.1.1 () A1 Al l (VHF) 1 1 2 (NAVTEX) 1130 l 500 1 3 (VHFEPIRB) 100 4 (SEPIRB) 5 (MF) 6 (MFHF) 7 (SES) 500 l 8 2 (TWOWAYVHF) 500 3 20m 500 2 9 (SART) 500 2 300 20m 500 1 1 3 3.1 3.1.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) 186

(5) (6) 0 9 3.1.2 (1) (2) 3.1.3 (1) (2) 3.1.4 (1) (2) (3) 3.1.5 (1) ( ) 55V (2) (3) (4) x x x x 3.1.6 (1) (2) 3.1.7 3.2 3.2.1 4 0 9 (CCITT) E161Q11 0 9 (ISO) 3791 187

4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.1.6 VHF VHF 4.1.7 2 1 4.2 4.2.1 300 Al 500 4.2.2 1 300 Al 500 4.2.3 (1) lh (2) (1) 4h 4.2.4 4.2.5 1 10h 4.2.6 4.2.7 4.2.8 50mm 4.3 4.3.1 188

4.3.2 11 ( 29ms) 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 4.3.6 10M 1M 4.3.7 1m 4.3.8 ( ) 6m 4.3.9 25m. 4.3.10 12mm 4.3.11 4.3.12 4.3.13 8mm 4.3.14 4.3.15 4.3.16 4.3.17 45m 16mm 2 45m 25mm 2 4.3.18 6 4.3.19 700m 4.3.20 4.3.2l T ( 4.3.21) 4.3.21 4.3.22 189

4.3.23 ( ) ( 4.3.23) 500 4.3.23 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 4.4 4.4.1 ( 1.5m 0.02) 4.4.2. 4.4.3 5mm 2 6mm 4.4.4 6mm 2 6mm 190

1 1 ( VHF) 2 VHF DSC (1) (2) (3) 3 VHF (1) (2) (3) 4 VHF (1) 1 (2) 1 (3) 1 (4) 1 (5) l DSC (6) 1 70 DSC VHF 5 ITU T ISO 6 (1) (2) 7 8 9 10 (1) 18 (2) 18 156.3156.875MHz 18 156.025157.425MHz 160.625 162.025MHz (3) DSC 70 (4) 19 11 (1) 5s 0.3s 191

16 70 (2) 12 lmin 13 14 (1) 6 25W (2) 0.11W 70 15 (1) 20dB 2FV (2) DSC VHF lv DSC 10-2 (3) 16 17 ( ) (1) (2) (3) (4) 18 DSC (1) (ITU U) DSC (2) DSC DSC DSC (3) DSC 20 (4) 5 192

(5) DSC (6) DSC (7) DSC (8) 19 VHF 193

2 1 2 (1) 518kHz (2) B1 (3) (4) (5) (6) 30 72h (7) 4 (8) 6h B1B2 (9) (10) (11) 32 (12) (13) * 3 (1) 518kHz (2) ±10Hz (3) F1B (4) 100Bd (5) 2V 50 4 4 5 CCIIR540 194

3 1 ( 406MHz 406MHzEPIRB) 2 406MHz 3 406MHz (1) (2) 10m 5min (3) 45 (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 20m (9) (10) (11) (12) (0.75cd) (13) (14) 121.5MHz 4 406MHz 48h 5 406MHz (1) 2055 (2) (3) 100kn (4) 30+70 6 406MHz (1) (2) (3) 4m 7 8 (1) (2) 9 10 406MHz 11 G1B 406MHz 195

12 13 14 1999 2 1 3 (1) ITU 43 6 (2) (3) (1) 1999 2 1 (1) 15 121.5MHz (1) 406MHz 2s (2) 37A 16 406MHz 3.1.7 ITU RM.633 196

4 1 ( 1.6GHz 1.6GHzEPIRB) 2 1.6GHz 3 1.6GHz (1) (2) 10m 5min (3) 45 (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 20m (9) (10) (11) (12) (0.75cd) (13) (14) (15) 4 1.6GHz 48h (1) 4h (2) ( ) 48h 5 1.6GHz (1) 2055 (2) (3) 100kn (4) 30+70 6 1.6GHz (1) (2) (3) 4m 7 8 (1) ITU RM.632 197

(2) 9 10 1.6GHz 11 1.6GHz 1644.31644.5MHz 1645.51646.5MHz 16443 1644.5Mz 1645.51646.5MHz 1645.51646.5MHz 12 ( ) INMARSAT E EPIRB 13 INMARSAT INMARSAT E 14 1.6GHz 3.1.7 ITU R M.632 198

5 1 ( VHF ) VHF 70 DSC 9GHz 2 VHF 3 VHF (1) (2) (3) 10m 5min (4) 45 (5) (6) (7) (8) ( 20N) (9) 20m (10) (11) (12) (13) (0.75cd) (14) 4 VHF 48h 5 VHF (1) 2055 (2) 3) 100kn (4) 30+70 6 VHF (1) (2) (3) 4m 7 VHF 3.1.7 8 VHF (1) 156.525MHz(VHF 70 ) (2) 10-5 (3) G 2 B (4) 16kHz (5) 100mW (6) (7) 1200Bd 2±10 (8) 1700Hz ±400Hz 199

(9) 1300Hz 2100Hz ±10Hz 9 DSC (1) DSC (2) EPlRB (3) 10 9 4 8 (4) ( 126) (5) 5 DSC ( N +1) N T n 9(5) T n =(240+10N)s±5 N =123 N+l N+l 5 5 9(5) ITU-RM.493 200

6 1 ( MF ) 2 MF DSC (1) (2) (3) 3 MF NBDP( ) (1) (2) (3) 4 MF (1) l (2) 1 1 (3) 1 (4) 1 (5) 1 DSC (6) 1 DSC 5 ITUT ISO 6 (1) (2) 7 8 9 10 MF 11 12 (1) DSC 16054000kHz 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (2) DSC J2B DSC ( ) DSC DSC (3) ( ) J3EH3E DSC NBDP F1BJ2B (4) 2182kHz (5) 2187.5kHz J2B F1B (6) (7) 201

(8) 15s (9) (10) 10Hz (11) J3E H3E J2B FlB 60W 400W (12) lmin 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (13) (14) 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (15) (16) ( ) 30min 13 (1) 16054000kHz 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (2) DSC (3) J3EH3EF1B J2B (4) 1 (5) (6) 15s (7) 10Hz (8) 20dB J3E F1B 6V 12dB DSC NBDP 10-2 (9) 2W lmw DSC A2, 25%, 60W 202

(10) lmin 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (11) (12) 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (13) (14) 30min 14 MF DSC (1) DSC (2) DSC (3) (4) (5) (6) 15 MF DSC (1) DSC 20 (2) 5 (3) DSC (4) DSC (5) DSC (6) (7) 203

7 1 ( MFHF ) 2 MFHF DSC (1) (2) (3) 3 MFHF NBDP (1) (2) (3) 4 MFHF (1) 1 (2) 1 (3) 1 (4) 1 (5) 1 DSC (6) l DSC DSC 2s DSC 100Bd 5 ITU T ISO 6 (1) (2) 7 8 9 10 MFHF 1l 12 (1) 160527500kHz 12(1) 12(1) (khz) 2182 4125 6215 8291 12290 16420 DSC 2187.5 4207.5 6312 8414.5 12577 16804.5 NBDP 2174.5 4177.5 6268 8376.5 12520 16695 (2) DSC J2B DSC NBDP ( ) DSC NBDP 204

(3) ( ) J3EH3E DSC NBDP FIBJ2B (4) 2182kHz (5) (1) NBDP DSC ( ) J2B FIB (6) 1 (7) (8) 15s (9) (10) 10Hz (11) J3E H3E J2B F1B 60W 400W (12) lmin 2182kHz 2187.5Hz (13) (14) 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (15) (16) ( ) 30min 13 (1) 160527500kHz 12(1) (2) DSC (3) J3EH3EF1B J2B (4) A2. 25 60W 205

(5) (6) 15s (7) l0hz (8) 20dB J3E FIB 6V 12dB DSC NBDP l0 - (9) 2W lmw DSC (10) lmin 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (1 1) (12) 2182kHz 2187.5kHz (13) (14) 30min 14 MFHF DSC (1) DSC (2) DSC (3) (4) (5) (6) 15 MFHF DSC (1) DSC 20 (2) 5 (3) DSC (4) DSC (5) DSC (6) 16 MFHF NBDP (1) (2) (3) 17 MFHF NBDP (1) (ARQ) (FEC) NBDP (2) NBDP (3) ITu R M.625 206

8 1 (SES) 2 3 4 5 6 ITUT ISO 7 (1) (2) 8 9 67 8 INMARSAT A 10 100Wm 2 25W m 2 10Wm 2 11 12 60s 13 5 14 6 10m 15 207

9 1 ( ) 2 (1) 1 (2) 1 (3) 1 3 (1) (2) 1974 SOLAS 33 (3) (4) lm (5) 1m 5min (6) 45 (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 4 156.800MHz(VHF 16 ) 5 6 19 7 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 18 (6) 16 8 5s 9 10 0.25W 1W 1 1W 1W 11 2V 12 13 14 15 16 20+55 30+70 208

17 (1) (2) (3) (4) 19 8h 6s 6s 48s (5) 2 3(13) (6) 18 3.1.7 209

10 1 ( SART) [ A.530(13)] 2 SART (1) (2) (3) SART (4) (5) (6) 20m (7) 10m 5min (8) 45 (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 5 3 SART 96h lkhz 8h 4 SART 20+55 30+65 5 SART lm 6 SART SART 7 15m 5 n mile SART SART 10kW 914.4m(3000ft) 30n mile SART SART 8 SART 9 3.1.7 ITURM.6282 210

5 1 1.1 1.1.1 20m (1) (2) (3) 1.1.2 1.1.3 1 1.1.4 300 1.1.5 1 3 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 ( ) 1.2.5 0 9 0 9 1.2.6 1.2.7 1.2.8 5000 1.2.9 1.2.10 1.2.1 l 1.2.12 x (1) x 0 9 (ITU) (CCITT) 0 9 (ISO) 211