γ α β
X γ γ
1845
1898 α β 1900 γ 1910-12 curie 1911
P & M Curie, 1898 α Rutherford, 1899 β (Rutherford, 1899) γ (Villard, 1900)
Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield Dr. Allan M. Cormack CT 1979
Magnetic MRI Resonance I maging MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI MRI
MRI MRI 20
MRI MR
Immunoassay
Insulin-I131 metabolism in human subjects: Demonstration of insulin binding globulin in the circulation of insulin treated subject. Berson, S. A., Yalow, R. S., Bauman, A., Rothchild, M. A. and Newerly, K. J. Clin. Invest. 35, 170-190, 1956
Single Photon / Positron γ Positron Single Photon
PET PET