The Chinese University of Hong Kong From the SelectedWorks of Wubiao Zhou 1999 血路 : 革命中国中的沈定一 ( 玄庐 ) 传奇 R. Keith Schoppa (author) Wubiao Zhou (translator) Available at: http://works.bepress.com/zhouwubiao/9/
R.KeithSchoppa BloodRoad TheMysteryofShenDingyiinRevolutionaryChina UniversityofCaliforniaPress,BerkeleyandLosAugeles1995
(CIP) : ( ) /( ) ; - :,1999 9 ( / ) :TheBloodRoad ISBN7-214-02578-7 Ⅰ Ⅱ 1 2 Ⅲ Ⅳ K827 6 CIP (1999) 33069 ( ) [ ] 165 210009 850 1168 1/32 11 2 1 3125 275 1999 9 1 1 ISBN7-214-02578-7/G 814 16 00 ( )
1 1 :1928 8 28 1 :,1916 1917 9 :,1919 1920 40 :,1921 1922 83 :,1924 1925 118 1
:,1925 1926 152 :,1927 179 :,1928 203 224 20 : 243 255 298 321 2
, ;,,,,,,1920
,,, 1993,,, ( ),,,, 1923,,, 1
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:,,,,,, ; 瑏瑣, 45,, ;,, ;, 6,, 20,,, 6, 20, 瑏瑤, ;,,,, ;,,,,,,,,, 6
, 瑏瑥 16,,,,,,, : ; ; ( ) ; : 瑏瑦,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 17 7
,, 12~20,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20 20 8
:,1916 1917 18, ;,,,,,1921,, 1913,,, 1911 1912,, 1911,,,,, 19 9
,,, :, 1, 1911 1913, :, 2 :,,, 3,,,, 4,, 1911 1928,,, 5 10
, 20 1915,,,,, 2,,,, 6 (1880 1931 ),, 7, 6,, 1916, 5, 8,,,, :, 9, : 1886 11
10,, 21,,, 瑏瑡,,,, 瑏瑢 1919 :, 瑏瑣,, 瑏瑤,, 18,,,,1904, 瑏瑥 1907, 22, 12
,,,, 瑏瑦, 1911,,, : ( ),,, :, ; 瑏瑧, : 1916, :,,, ( ) ( ) ( ) 23 ( ), 13
, 90%, 瑏瑨,,, 瑏瑩 1905,,,,,, ( ):,,, : 瑐瑠,, 1916, 1911, 24, 瑐瑡,,,,, 14
( ) ( ),,,, :,,,,, 1911,, ( ) 20,,,,,, 25 瑐瑢,, 瑐瑣, 15
,, 瑐瑤,, ( 1907 ), ;, ;,,,,,, 瑐瑥, 26, 1911 11,,,, 瑐瑦,, 1912, 16
,,, 瑐瑧 :,,,,, 瑐瑨,1913,,,1913 :,, 10,, 1916 6 1917 6, 27,, 1911 1916, 17
, 瑐瑩,,,,, 70% ~80%, 瑑瑠 : ( ) ( ) 瑑瑡,, ( ), 1913 1917,, :, (1912);, (1912 1916);, (1916 1917);, (1924 1926) 28,,,, 瑑瑢 : 瑑瑣, 18
, ( ),, 瑑瑤, 30, 瑑瑥,, ( ),,,,,, 29,,,,,, :,, ;,, 瑑瑦, 19
:, 瑑瑧 1916, 1912,,, ;, 瑑瑨 1913, 20 10, 7 19 80 30, 1913 (1869 ), (1881 ), 瑑瑩 3, 3 ;,, 5 1915, 瑒瑠 3,, 瑒瑡,, 10 9 7, 20
, ( ), 瑒瑢, 瑒瑣 1913, 瑒瑤,, 瑒瑥 17, 1911,, (1876 ), 1908 1911,, ( ), ( ), 31,, 瑒瑦, ;,, 1915 1917 21
,, 瑒瑧,, ( ),,,, 瑒瑨,,,, :1916 8, 32,1912, 1913 1916 4, 1 8 16 120 12 ( ), 1, 22
瑒瑩,, 17 50 瑓瑠 250,,,,, 3/4 1 1 6,, 瑓瑡 瑓瑢,,, 瑓瑣,, ( ),, 20, : ( 33, ) 34 10 20 瑓瑤,, 10,, 8 18, 23
瑓瑥, 1912 12,,, 瑓瑦 1914,, 12,,,, : 瑓瑧 35,,,, 9 4,,,,,,, : 24
, 瑓瑨 9 5, : 1913,, 瑓瑩 :,,,,,,,,,, 36,,,,, :,, 20, 瑔瑠 9 6 25
, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, 瑔瑡,, ( ), 9 10, 4 :1 (13 ),1 (27 ),1 (11 37 ),1 (13 ) 瑔瑢 118, 39 64, 17 1, 17, 1 4, 6 3,10, 3 7 5 (71%), 17 10 (59%), 9 3, 1, ;,, : 7 1912 1913 ; 10, 26
:, 5 3, 2, 1913 4 ( ), 瑔瑣,,,,,,,, 瑔瑤 ;,,, 38, :,,,,, 瑔瑥, 27
,,,,, 1916, 1913, 瑔瑦, 瑔瑧, (91 ) (89 ) 39, 瑔瑨 43,, 74.4%, 3 16 (37. 2%), 13 (30.2%),, 10,, 瑔瑩 28
:1916 12 1917 1,,,, 瑖瑠, 瑖瑡,, 瑖瑢 12, ( ) :,,, 40,,,, ( ),, 瑖瑣, 瑖瑤,, :,, 29
,, 4,,, 瑖瑥,, 12, 41,,,,,,,,, 12 26,,,,, 30
,,,, 瑖瑦,,,,,, 42 瑖瑧, 瑖瑨, 12 27, 瑖瑩 :,,, 瑘瑠,,, 1911,,,,, 瑘瑡 瑘瑢, 31
: ( ),,, 瑘瑣,,, 瑘瑤,, 43, :,,,,, 瑘瑥 1 5,,,,, ; ; 瑘瑦 1916, 1911 瑘瑧,,,, ;,,, :, 32
,,,, 1 5 32, 10 1 4000,, 8,, 44,,, : :,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,, 33
,,,,,,, 瑘瑨, 45 :,,,,, 瑘瑩, 瑝瑠, 14 3700 ( ), 75 ( ), 瑝瑡 1 8 12 3, 3,,, 瑝瑢 1 12, 瑝瑣, ( ),, 34
,, 46,,,,, ( ),, ;,, 瑝瑤, 1918 瑝瑥,,, 瑝瑦,, 1916 10,, 35
瑝瑧, 3 47 瑝瑨,,,, 4, :, 瑝瑩,,,, 4 13,,,,, 1911 1912, :,, ( ) (, ),, :, ( ),, 36
,,, 48,,,,,,,,,,,, : :,, : ;,,,,,,,, ( ), 1920 ( ),,, : 37
:,, :,,[ ],,,, :,,,, ;,, :,, :,, 1917,, 3,, 5, 5 31,,,,, 1916, 6, 38
,, 50,,,,,,, 6,,, 39
51 :, 1919 1920, ( ), ;,,,,, 40,,,,,,,,,
, ;,,,,, ;,,,,1920 52, 1920, 1,,, 1916 6 1920 15,,, 41
,,,, 2 : ; : ; :, 53,, 1919 1920,,, 1919, :, ;, ;,, 3,, 4 42
,,,, :,, :,,, 5 1919 6 1920 2, 6 55,, 1919 8,, 7, ( ),,,1919 : 20 ( ) : 8,, 43
,,, 9 1918,, :,, 10,,,, 56,,,, 30,, 瑏瑡,,, 瑏瑢,, ( ) 1920, 瑏瑣,,, 瑏瑤, : 44
,,,,, ;, ;, ;,,,,,, 57,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,, 45
1917 1919, 1912,,,1913 1916 1912 58,,,,,,,,, ;,,, :,,,,,,, 瑏瑥,, 46
,,, 瑏瑦,, 59,,,, 1918, :,,, (1891 ),,,19,, 1906 1909,,, 1910, 47
瑏瑧,,,, 20, 44 1913,, 瑏瑨, 70 : 60,,,, 瑏瑩, 瑐瑠 1913 1917, 瑐瑡 1918 5,, 瑐瑢, ( ) 瑐瑣 48,
瑐瑤, ;, 8,, :,,,,,, 61 瑐瑥,,,1903, 1907 1908,,,, 瑐瑦, ; ( ) ( ), 瑐瑧, 瑐瑨, (5 7,1, ),,,,, 瑐瑩 5,, 49
,, 5 31,, 6 3, 6 4,, 62 6 5,, 6 6,,, 瑑瑠 6 8,, 6 10,, 6 12, 6 21 7 2, 6 25, ( ),, 7 1,,, 7 2,,, 瑑瑡 50
, 1919 12, :,,,, 瑑瑢, :,,, 瑑瑣, 6 9, 63,, :, :,,,,,,,, 瑑瑤 1919,, 51
: 1919 6 1920 9 1919,,, 瑑瑥 64 1920, 瑑瑦, 1920 6, 瑑瑧,,,,,,, 17, 1919,18 5,, 52
1920 3 20,12, 1 瑑瑨, 1920,, 7000 瑑瑩,,, :, 65 瑒瑠,, 1919 8 24, : 瑒瑡獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 1919 9 7, :, ( ),,,,,, 53
, :,,, :,,,,,,,,,, ;, ;, 66,,,,,,, ( ), ( ), :,,,,, 54
,, 瑒瑢,, :,, ( ),,,, :,,, :,, 67, 瑒瑣,, : 瑒瑤 :, :,,, 55
,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, 68,, 1920 1 11, : 56 :,
69,,, ;,,,, 1919 6 :,,,,,,, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,, ;, 57
,,,,,, 瑒瑥,,,, 20, 1905 2, 10, 25 瑒瑦,, 17, 58
, 瑒瑧, 70, :,, 瑒瑨 1923 瑒瑩 瑓瑠 :,, ;, ;, :, :,, ;,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,, 71 ( ), 59
: 12, 瑓瑡,, 瑓瑢,,, 瑓瑣,, 瑓瑤, 瑓瑥, 12 :,,,,,,, 72,,, 瑓瑦 60
, 瑓瑧, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 61
,,,,,,, 73,,, ( ),,, 瑓瑨,, 1902, 20 3, 1916, ; ; 1918 瑓瑩,, 62 1923,
, 瑔瑠, 20,, 1924, 瑔瑡,, 瑔瑢,,,,, 瑔瑣,, 74,, :,,, 瑔瑤 1993,,,, 瑔瑥 63
:, :, :,, 1919 :,,, ( ),, 20 :,,,, ;,,, 75, 64
,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, 65
,,,, ;, ; ( ),,,,,, 76,,,,, 66
,,,,,,, :,,, :, ( ),,,,,,, ;,, 67
, :,, 77, 瑔瑦,,,,,,,,,, :,,, ; :,,,, 68
, :,,,, 78,,,,,, :,,,,,,, :, : 瑔瑧,, 69
;, : 瑔瑨,,,, 79,,,, ;,,, :,, 瑔瑩, :,,,, 瑖瑠,,,, 70
1919, :,, 瑖瑡, :, :,,,,,,,,,,, 1919, 80,, 1919 11,,,,,,, :,, ;, 71
,, ;,,,,,, 瑖瑢, ( ) :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 81,,, :,,,,,, 72 1919,
,,,,, :, ( ),,, 1920, 瑖瑣 :1920 1920,, 50, 82 1920,, 瑖瑤, ( 73
), 1920, 瑖瑥, ; 20,,, ( ) 20,, 1926 1926 1927, 50 瑖瑦 7 :, 7 6, 瑖瑧, 瑖瑨, 瑖瑩,,,,, 瑘瑠,, 83 瑘瑡 (1890, ) 74
(1899, ) (1899, ),,, ( ) (, ; ;,,, ; 1920,,, 1921,, :, 瑘瑢 3,,, (1879 ), 1919, 84 1919 1920 75
瑘瑣 (1890 ),,, 瑘瑤,, : 瑘瑥, 6, 瑘瑦, ; 瑘瑧 7, 4 ; 3 : (, 1896 ), ;,, ; (1886 ),,, 瑘瑨 (1890 ),,, 瑘瑩 11,, 20 40 (,41 ) 8,, 50, 瑝瑠,, 76
, 瑝瑡 85,, :,, 1921,, 瑝瑢, 1919,,,, ( ),,, 瑝瑣 1920 8, 瑝瑤,,,,, : 瑝瑥, ( ), 瑝瑦,, 77
, 86 瑝瑧, 瑝瑨 :,,,,,,,, 瑝瑩,,,,,,,,,,, 78
: 1919 1920, : 87 :, ;, ;,, ;, ( ),, ;,,, ;,,,,,, 79
1920, 1959, :,,,,,, 88,,,,,,,,,,,, 1927,,, 30 1920 ( ) ( ),,,, 80
,, 1961,, :,,,, ;,,, 89 1920 ;,,,, : 1920 9 : ; 1919 11 :,, 81
,,,,,,,,,, 82
:,1921 1922 90,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,1920, 83
:, 1921 1922, 91,,,,, (124 ) (299 ) 1,,, 100 400 ; ( ),,, 84
, 20, 19 1905,, 93 1910, 1914 3,,,, 20 10,, 1923, 20 3 :,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,, 85
: :,,,, : 94, : 2 ( ),,,, ( ) 3,,, 30,, 170 20, 4,,, ( ),,, 86
5 ( ), 95 1920,,,,, 6,,, ( ) 7 1920, 29, 3 ; 33, 1,, 1919 1920,,, ( ), 8,,, 9,, 87
,, ; ; 96,,, 10,,,1993, :, 瑏瑡 1920 1922,, : 1921, ( ), : 88, :,, ;,,,, 瑏瑢,
1921 8, :, ; 97, ;,, 瑏瑣, :,,,,, 1920,, 1921 1923, 瑏瑤, :,, ;,,,,, 瑏瑥 :, 89
98 瑏瑦 1921 1922,,,,, ;,,1898 6 瑏瑧, 10, 1909,, 1913 1915,, 1919,, :, 瑏瑨,1900,, 1917,,,, 1919 90
99, 瑏瑩 1895, 1915 1920, 1898,, 瑐瑠 4 瑐瑡 1919,, 4, 1920 2,, 3,, 3 27,,,, 4 21,,1000, 80, 5,6, 瑐瑢,, ( 100 91
),,, 瑐瑣,, :1922,,, 瑐瑤,, 1922,,,,, : ( ),,,, ( 2 ),,, 101 :, 92
, :,, ( ) 瑐瑥 : 1920,,,,, 1921 :, 1921 4, 60, 5, 6, 6,,, :,,, 瑐瑦 1922 2102, 93
;, 1921,, 1922, 瑐瑧 1921,,,, :,, 2,,,,,,,,,, 瑐瑨,,,, 103 10,1918, 94
瑐瑩,, 20 瑑瑠, :,, :, ;, ;, 瑑瑡,,, 瑑瑢,, 8 19,,,,,,, :,, 104,, 95
:, 瑑瑣,, :,,, 瑑瑤 9 23,, 瑑瑥 :,,,,,,,,, ;,, : 瑑瑦 :, 瑑瑧 105 8 9,,, 96
,,,, :,,, : :, :, :,,, 瑑瑨,, :,, 瑑瑩,, 19,,,,,,,, 106,,,,,, 97
40,, 瑒瑠,, 43,,,, 瑒瑡 3,,, ( ) 9 27,, ( ), 瑒瑢 6, 107, 3 ( 1 ), 1, 3,3, ;, : 瑒瑣, :,,, 98
,,, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,, : 瑒瑤 : 瑒瑥,,, 108,, : 99
, 17 15 ; ;,,,,,,,,, ; ;, 瑒瑦,, : 瑒瑧 20 80,, 瑒瑨 10 1,,, 109,, 瑒瑩, 10 3,,,, 100
,,, 20, 82 200 240, 36, 44, (, )2, 10 瑓瑠, 10, 10, 26 ( 1/3) 1,,, 瑓瑡,,,110 8 6 ; 11 :, 瑓瑢 101
, 瑓瑣, 11,,, 11,, 80,,,,,,,, 瑓瑤 12 8 瑓瑥, 111,,,,, 瑓瑦,, (1893 ) 瑓瑧, 102
,, 瑓瑨,, : 瑓瑩, 12 10 17,12 :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 瑔瑠 112 瑔瑡 12,, 瑔瑢 12 17,,,, 瑔瑣 1000, 1, 瑔瑤,, 103
,,, 瑔瑥 瑔瑦 12 20,,,,,,,, 12 18,,, 60,100 113 130,,,,, 1000,,, 3,, 3 瑔瑧,, 12 27,,, :, 瑔瑨 1922 1 24, 104
1,, 1 3, 1949 瑔瑩, : ;,, :,,, 瑖瑠,, 82, 500 114,, 3 11, 84,, 瑖瑡,, 瑖瑢,,, 瑖瑣, 105
, 10 12,, ( 1917 1918 ) ( ), : 瑖瑤,10 11,,, 10 15, 115, :,,,,, 瑖瑥,,,,, 11 6,, : 106
:,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,, 116,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, 107
,, 瑖瑦,,,,,,,, ;, : 11, 11 24,,, 1920 2 15,, 117,, : 108 :,, ;,, : : :
:, : : :, : : :, :,,,,,,,, 1921, 瑖瑧 1917, 9, 1921 9 瑖瑨, 118,, ( 109
),,,,, ;,,,,, 10 1917 1918,, 20,,, 1921,,,,, 119, 110
, : 12,, 12,,, ( ),,,,, 瑖瑩, 瑘瑠,, ( ), 20 80,, 瑘瑡,1921 1922 1927 1928,,,,, 12, ;,, ;, ; 120, ; 111
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 瑘瑢, ( ) ( ),,, 121,, :,,, : ( 112
),,,,,,,, 1922 1, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 瑘瑣 ( ), 瑘瑤, 122,, :,, :12, 113
,,, 12 ( ),,, 瑘瑥, 瑘瑦,, 1911, 瑘瑧 1912,, 1915 1917,,, 123, 瑘瑨 12, :10 20 114 1921 :
,,,,,,,, ( ) 瑘瑩 1921 20,,,,,, 124, 1922 2 7,, : 115
, 10 :,,, 瑝瑠,,,,, 瑝瑡, :,,,, 125 1922 2,,,,,,, 瑝瑢 116
,, 瑝瑣,,, 瑝瑤,,,, :,,, 瑝瑥,,, ;,, ;, 126,,, 117
127 :, 1924 1925,,,,,,,1922, 1 1919 11, ( ), :,,,,,, 2, 118
,20, 128, 1924,, :,,,,,, :, 1921, :,,,,, :,,,, 3, ;, ;, ;, 119
( ),, 129,, 1924 1925,, 1920 10 4,, :,,,,,,, 5 1922,,, 6, 7, 1922,, 120
,,,, 130 1921,, 1922,,, 1922 11 1923 3,,,, 8,, 1917 1918, 9,, 1921,,1921 10 ;10,, 121
,, 131,, : 瑏瑡 1923,,, 瑏瑢,,,,,,,, 瑏瑣,, 瑏瑤,,, 1920 1923,,1924, 122
, 瑏瑥,,, 132 瑏瑦, 25 瑏瑧, 1923, 1922,,, 瑏瑨,,, 1924 1 20~30,,, 瑏瑩, ;, :,, ; 123
, 瑐瑠,,, 1921 133, ( ), :,,, ;,,, 3 10,, 瑐瑡,,,,,,, :(1) ;(2) ;(3),,,,,,, 瑐瑢 ( 1921 ),20, 124
1924, : 20, 134,,,,,,,, :, (, ), :,,,, 1919 9, :,,,,,, 125
瑐瑣,,,, 135 ;, 3 30,,, 80 30, :,9, 8 ( );4 ;1,1 1920,1, 1 4,, ; 1, 瑐瑤 ; 1 ( ),,, ( ),, 瑐瑥, 126
,,,, 100 瑐瑦 136 1924 1924,,, 10 20,,,,, :,,,,,,,, 瑐瑧,, 4 ; 4 ; 瑐瑨 6, 127
瑐瑩,,,4 6, 瑑瑠, 137 ; 瑑瑡 4 12,,,,,,, 瑑瑢, 1916 1917,, 1924, 10,, 瑑瑣 5 18 瑑瑤,, :,,, 128
, ; ( ); ;, 40,, 138 1924,,,,, 瑑瑥,,,, 1925, 1924 129
瑑瑦,, 1917,, 20 139,,,, : 1200, 2000, :,,, ( ),,, (, ) 瑑瑧 (, ) 瑑瑨 ( ) ( ) 130
, 瑑瑩 150 1923, 140,,,, 瑒瑠,,, 瑒瑡, 400 瑒瑢, ;, 瑒瑣 80, 40,, 1924 131
瑒瑤 30, 60,, 141,,, : ;,,,,,, 5,, 瑒瑥 5 9,,,,, 瑒瑦 1924 5,,, 132
,,, 142,5 14~16, 瑒瑧,,, 瑒瑨 ( ),,, :,,,, :, :, : :, 瑒瑩,,,,, 133
, 瑓瑠,, :,, 143 ;,, : ;, 1924 9,, 9 1 瑓瑡,,, 9 18, ;9 25, 1,,, 10 瑓瑢,, 16,, 瑓瑣, 12, 瑓瑤,,, 134
:,,,144 :,, 瑓瑥,,, :,,,,,, 20 瑓瑦,,,, 瑓瑧,,,, :, 瑓瑨,,,,, 1917,,, :, 135
145,,,,,, 瑓瑩,,,,,,,,1924 :,, 瑔瑠,,,, 瑔瑡,, 136
1924,, 146,, 4 6, ( ) ; ( ) ( ), 6,, 瑔瑢, ;,, 5, 8, ( ),,,21 ( 6 ),,, 137
,,, 瑔瑣 147 9 7 1901,,4,, 6, 6 5 : 1,,,, 瑔瑤, 瑔瑥,,,, 4, 138,
, 148 瑔瑦,, 瑔瑧,, 瑔瑨 10, :, 11,,,,,, 瑔瑩 1924,,, 10 18 11 4,,, 11 13,,, 瑖瑠,, 139
149 12, 瑖瑡,, 瑖瑢 12,, 17, 瑖瑣,, 瑖瑤,1925 1,,, 瑖瑥,1925 3,,,, 1923, 1924,, 150, 1, 140
, 3 22,, 瑖瑦 4 1, 1, 瑖瑧 5 3, 5 18~25,, :,, 瑖瑨,, 7 瑖瑩,, 1923 8,1923 8 5,,, ( ),,,,,,,, 151, 瑘瑠,,,1925, 141
,,, 5 : ; 瑘瑡,,,,,, 1924 1,,, 瑘瑢, 1921,,, : 瑘瑣, 152 1926 142
, 瑘瑤,,, 1925,,, 瑘瑥 瑘瑦,,,, 1924,,,,,, :,, 瑘瑧, :,, :,, :, 153 143
;, ( ), 瑘瑨,,,, 1924, 6 1,, :, 6 3,90 3, 瑘瑩 6 25,, 6 瑝瑠,,, 4,,, 瑝瑡 7, 5 ( ) 5, 154 1925 7 5, 144
, 9, 40,, 1921 3,,,, 瑝瑢,,,,4, 1928,,,,, 155, 瑝瑣,, 145
瑝瑤,,,,,,, ;,,,,, 瑝瑥,,,,,,,, 156,, 146
, 瑝瑦,,,,, 60 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 瑝瑧,, 瑝瑨,,, 157 147
瑝瑩,,,,,, 1925 6,,,, :,,, 1919 11 :,,,,, :,,,, 158, 148
,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,, :, :,, 149
159,,,,,,9,,,,,,,,,,, 1925, 8 20, :,, 150
,, 160,, ( ), 1,, 1926,,, 151
161 :,1925 1926 1919 152, 3,,,,,,,,,, 1925 1926
1 1, 162, 2,,, 3,,,, : ;,, 4 1925 9 1926 1,, :,,, : ;, 5,,, 6,,, 153
:, 163 7,,, 1924 2, :,,, 8, 9 1924 8 1925 5, 1925,, 10, : 瑏瑡,,, 1925 1926,, ;, 154
,,, ; 164, :,,,,,, 瑏瑢 瑏瑣, 9 :, 瑏瑤, : ( ),,, 1924,,,,,, 155
,,, 165,,, 瑏瑥 1926,,,, 瑏瑦 1926, 瑏瑧,,,,,,,,,,1925 11 156
23 1926 1 4, 瑏瑨,, ;,166,, 1925, 11 19, 4,,, 1925 11 1926 4,,,,, (1926 3 29 4 10 ), 瑏瑩,,,, :,,,, 157
, ( ) 167 ( ) ( ), 11 18,, 瑐瑠,,, 瑐瑡,,,, : ; 158
, ;, 11 (, : ); ( ), 168 ( ) 瑐瑢,,,, ; ; ;, 1915 1920, 1925, 1925 7,,,,,, 159
, : 169,,,,,,,,,,,, 瑐瑣,, 12 7 瑐瑤 5, 5 4,,, 瑐瑥, 12 15,10, 瑐瑦, 3, 瑐瑧,,, 160
,, 1,, 170 瑐瑨, ( ) ( ) 瑐瑩, 1926 1 1~19,, ;, 瑑瑠,,,, 瑑瑡,,, 1 23,, 瑑瑢,,, 瑑瑣 1 23,,, 瑑瑤 6, 瑑瑥 1926, 171, 161
,,, 瑑瑦,,, 瑑瑧, 5 瑑瑨,,,, ; ;,,, 172, 162
, :,, 瑑瑩,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 900,,, 瑒瑠 163
173 1912,,,,,,,,, 瑒瑡, ( ),,, 瑒瑢, 瑒瑣 ( ),,, 瑒瑤,,, 164
瑒瑥 174 :,,, ; 瑒瑦,, 1924,, 1926 2, ;3 23,, ;,, : 14 瑒瑧,,, 1916 1917, 1919 1924,,,,, :,, :,,, 165
,, 175,,, 瑒瑨,, 瑒瑩 ( ),,, 瑓瑠,,,,,, 瑓瑡, ( ),,,,, 1926, 瑓瑢,, 166
: 瑓瑣, 176,,,, :, ;, ( ),, 1926, 瑓瑤,,,,, 1912, 瑓瑥 1917, 1924, 1924 1926, 1/4, 瑓瑦, 瑓瑧, ;,,, 167
, 瑓瑨 177, 1926 3 瑓瑩 : 5000,,,,,,,, 瑔瑠,, 瑔瑡 :,,,, 瑔瑢,, 1924,,, 瑔瑣,,, 1923 2,, 168
: ;, 178 ; ;,, 瑔瑤,3,, ( ) 3 18,47, 瑔瑥, 3 20, 瑔瑦 3 29,, 169
,, 179,,,, ;,,, ( 6 ),,, 1925,,,,,,,,,, 170
( ) :,,, 瑔瑧 3 31 4 1, :,, 180, 瑔瑨, :,,,,,,, :, ;,,, 瑔瑩,, :,,,,, 171
,, :,,,,,,,,, :,, 181,,,,, 瑖瑠,,,,,,,, 172
, 瑖瑡, : :,,,, 瑖瑢,,,,, :,, 瑖瑣 182, :,,,, 瑖瑤,,,,, :,, 173
,,, 瑖瑥,,, 17, 10 8 瑖瑦 3, 4 16, 瑖瑧,,,,, 1926 1927 :,, 6,, 183,, 瑖瑨 1926,,,,,, 瑖瑩, 174
瑘瑠 5 10~13, 26, ( ), 瑘瑡, 瑘瑢,,, 200, 2, 300, 3, 5, 184 150 600, 50 5 6, 20, 10 瑘瑣,, 6, 瑘瑤 175
,,, 100, 7,, 8,,,, 瑘瑥, 瑘瑦, 4 10, 185 瑘瑧, : 瑘瑨,, 1926 12,,,,,, : 瑘瑩 176
,,,,,,,, 1925 1926, 1922 ; 186, :,,,,, 177
,,, 瑝瑠 1927,, 178
:,1927 187, ;,,,,,,,,, 179
,,,1920 188 1927, :,,, 2 17, ; 3, 10, 1,, 2,, 3 28,, 1926 11,, 4, :, ; 5 180
2, 8, 3, 17,,5,5, 5 189 5, 5 3, 3,,,,, 6, 2,,,,, 1916 7,, 1912,, 20,,,, 181
3 10,, :,,, 8,,, 190 1927 :, ;,,,,,,, 9 :, 10 3, 90, 15, 3 14, 450 瑏瑡 1926, 1924,,, 瑏瑢 3,, 31 ( 10 ),, ( ) 瑏瑣 182
,,, 瑏瑤,,,, 瑏瑥,, 191, 3 瑏瑦 2, 3 25, 10,,,, 3 4, 瑏瑧 3,, 3 27,, ;, 瑏瑨, 39 ( 瑏瑩 ) 3 28,, 瑐瑠,,,, 183
瑐瑡, :, 192,, 瑐瑢 : 瑐瑣,,, ;,,,, 瑐瑤,,,, 瑐瑥,,,, ( ) ( ), 1926, 瑐瑦, 184
瑐瑧, 4 8, 4 10,,, 193, 4 11,,, : 瑐瑨 10 20,, 瑐瑩 瑑瑠 ( ),,,,, 4 14,,, 3,,,,,, ( ) 185
194,,, 4 17 1, 29 瑑瑡, 30, :, 瑑瑢 20 80 (4 ), 6 瑑瑣,, 6 4 5, 32 瑑瑤, 瑑瑥 ;1921, 瑑瑦, :, 1932, 1937, 瑑瑧 6, 4 3 186
, 1912, :5 18, 11, 瑑瑨 4 6, 195, 5 瑑瑩 6 20,,, 瑒瑠 7, 瑒瑡, 6 11, 11, 瑒瑢, : ;,, 1925 11,,,, 瑒瑣,,, 1925 6 23, 187
,,,,, 196,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 瑒瑤,,,,,, 1919 瑒瑥, ( 6 1 8 31 ),,, 188
,,, 197,,,,, 瑒瑦,,,, 1919, :,,, 瑒瑧,, ;, 瑒瑨, 瑒瑩 6, 198 :, 189
,, 瑓瑠, 20, 7 瑓瑡 :1927, : 瑓瑢,,,,,,,7 瑓瑣 8,, :, 瑓瑤 8 31, 9, 瑓瑥 ( ) 3, 1926,, 7 31, 瑓瑦 7, 199, 190
,, : :, ;,,,,,,,, 瑓瑧,,, :,,, :, ;, ;,, ( ),,,,, 200,, 191
,,,, 7, 瑓瑨,,,,, :,, 瑓瑩,,,80 : ( ),, 瑔瑠, 70 : ( ),, ( ) 瑔瑡, 9, 192
,,, 瑔瑢, 201 9,, 5 瑔瑣,, 4 932, 1927 1928 瑔瑤, 9 3,,, 6 : 6,, :20,, :, 瑔瑥, 1921,,, : 193
, 202,,,,, 瑔瑦,1921 1927,,,,, 1927, 70,,,,, :,, 194
,,, 瑔瑧,, :,, : 瑔瑨 1921 203, 1921,,,, 瑔瑩,,,,,,, 70, 瑖瑠,,,,, ;,,, 195
, 1926, 1000, 900, 7 25,,, 204, 200,,,, 瑖瑡, 9, 12, 3~5 瑖瑢,,,,,, 1928, 瑖瑣,,,, 196 9,
, 1927, : ( ),, 9, 205, 1926, 1926 瑖瑤,, 40%(, 25%, ) 瑖瑥,1927,, ( ) ( : ) 瑖瑦, 1926 4,,,,, 197
10 9,, 瑖瑧 : ( ),,,,,,, 1925, 206, 1921,1927 9,, 瑖瑨,, 40% 1921,,, 5, 瑖瑩,, ;,,, 瑘瑠 198
,,,, ( ),,,,, 11, ( ) :,,,,207, 瑘瑡,,,, ( ), ;,,1921,,,, 瑘瑢 10,, :,,, 瑘瑣,, 瑘瑤 199
, 瑘瑥,, 12,, 瑘瑦,, 208, 11,,, ;, 3,70,, 瑘瑧 2,, 瑘瑨,, 瑘瑩 11,, 瑝瑠 12 16,, 12 16, 200,
:,,,, ;,,, 209,,,,,,, 瑝瑡,,, :,,, 瑝瑢 10,, 瑝瑣,, 12 16,, 瑝瑤, 201
,, 1,,, 1927,, 瑝瑥,, ( )獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,,,, 210, ;,, 瑝瑦,, 12,,, 202
:,1928 211,,,,,,,1920 1921,, 1,,, 203
: :, :,, 212,,, : :,,, :,,,,,,,,, ;,,, :, :,, :, : 1921 1928 8, 204
,,,,,, 2,, 213 10 9,,,, 3 :,,,, 4 1927 12, :,,, 5 1927 10 1 1928 2 10,,, 6,,, 205
200, 7 1927 11, 1921 ; ; 8 214, 9, 10,, 80% ~85%,,,, 瑏瑡 2 6, 瑏瑢, 4000,,,, ( ) ( ) ( ) :,,, 206
,, : ; ; 215 ;,,,,, 1925 7 :,,,,, 1922,,,,,,,,, :20 207
, 216, 11 2,,,, ;,,,,,, ( ) 1,, 1 24 6, 1921 瑏瑣,,,,,, 瑏瑤, 208
,,,, 瑏瑥,1921, 217,, 1935, 1921 1928 : 1921, 1927 1928,, 瑏瑦,, :,,,,,, :,,,, 209
, : 218 6 8,, :,, :,,,,,, 瑏瑧 : ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 瑏瑨 219, 210
,,,, 瑏瑩,, ( ),,,,, 瑐瑠 11,, 瑐瑡,, 2, : 瑐瑢 :,( ) ( ), 瑐瑣,,,,220,, 211
, 1928,, 1, 3 :, 2830 ; 11, 2000 (, 350 ) (, 150 ) (, ) ( 8, 500 ) 瑐瑤,,,,, 瑐瑥 : ( ) 35%, 8%, 12%, 5% 瑐瑦,, 16, 1,,, 6, 221 1929 1,, 1/3 15, 1921, 212, 250 ( )
,,,, 瑐瑧, :,,,, 瑐瑨,,,,,, 1920 1921,, 10 1 1925, 瑐瑩, 222,, 44, 213
,,, ;, 1921,, 1928,,,, 瑑瑠,,,,,, ;,, 223 2,50 10 16 (2490,10355 ) 7,, 214
瑑瑡,,,, 瑑瑢,,, ( ) ( ),,, 瑑瑣 4 :, 8 3 1928 6,, 瑑瑤 50 3, 4,, 224 1/3, 1928 12, 47,,, 1920,,, 215
,,,1928, 32, 1930 234 3, 300, 100, 瑑瑥, 15,, 瑑瑦,,, 瑑瑧,, 300 20,, 1927 瑑瑨 225 1926 :, 瑑瑩,,,, 瑒瑠 1928,, 4000 (1929, 4 5 ), 216
, 1928, 3 7, 1/3 瑒瑡, 1933 1928 7, 5, 2500 瑒瑢 300, 1000, 6000, 1930 540,,, 226,, 30, 瑒瑣,,,, 217
,,, 瑒瑤,,,,,,, ( ) 300~400,,,, 瑒瑥,, 1925 1926 227 6 8, :,,, ;,,,, :, ;, ;,,, ;,,,,,,, 218
, 瑒瑦, :, :,, 瑒瑧, 3,, 1927 9, 瑒瑨, 瑒瑩, 2 6, 瑓瑠 4, 228, CC 瑓瑡,, 5, 瑓瑢 6,, 瑓瑣 7, CC, 瑓瑤, 219
,,,,, 瑓瑥,, 瑓瑦 瑓瑧, 瑓瑨 8 9, 瑓瑨, 1/3, 瑓瑩, (8 8~14 ), 2 229, CC, ;7,,,, 瑔瑠, ;,6 220 1921 1928,
( ),,,,,,,,,, 1921, 1928 ( ), 1928 : ; 230,, :, ;,,,,,,, 瑔瑡,, 221
瑔瑢 瑔瑣,, :,,,,, :, 瑔瑤, :1928, 瑔瑥,,, 231,,, 瑔瑦, 瑔瑧, 瑔瑨,, 瑔瑩,,, 222
,, 瑖瑠,,, ;, 瑖瑡 : ; 20,,,, :,, 瑖瑢 232,,,, ( ),, 223
233,, ( )( ),,,,,,1922 224,,,,,,
234,,,,,,, 10,, 8 29 6,,, 9 1 ( ) 1 1,,,, :,,,,,,,,, 235, 2, 225
:, : 30,,, ( ) ;,, 20,,,,,,,,,,,,,1993,, 8 28,,, 226
,, 236, : ; ;, ;,,,,,, 1993,,,,, 12, :, 3,,,, 20 20 227
1: : 4 237 : :, :,, 1921,,, ( ),, 1921,,, 20, 1921 1928,, 1925,,,,, 228
1927,, 9,,,, ; 238,, 7, 2: : 5 :,, 1928 4000, :,,, :,, : 229
,, 239,,,, 1927, 30, 800 6, 1928 4000, 1929 4.5 (59 ),, 7 4, 5 1927,,,,,, : ( ) 230
,,,, 240,,,, ;,,,, 8,,,,, ( ),, 3: : 9 : 1921, 231
:,, 241 :, 瑏瑠,, 瑏瑡, : ( ), 瑏瑢 1928 6 8, :,, 瑏瑣 20 20,,,,, 6 ( ), 232
,1921,,,242 1982,, :, 瑏瑤,, 1928,,, 瑏瑥 ( ) 1929 2, 5 6 瑏瑦 1928 12,,,, 瑏瑧,,,, 瑏瑨, :,, 233
( ),,, 243, 4: : 瑏瑩 : 1925 ; ;, 1927 : : ( ),,, 16, 1928,, 1929 234
瑐瑠,,,,,, 244, 1928 8,,, ( ),, 5: : 瑐瑡 :,, 235
; ;, :, :, : 245 1927 11, ;1928, 瑐瑢 1928 5, 瑐瑣, ;, ; 6 8,,,,,,,, :,, ; 236
,, 瑐瑤,,,,8 25,, 246 3,,,1 300, 瑐瑥, 1934 1993,, 瑐瑦,,,,,,, :,,, 237
, ;,,, ;, 瑐瑧, : 8 23~30 : 瑐瑨, 1927 瑐瑩 4 :, 瑑瑠, 247,,,,,,, 1928,,, 20, 238
1981, 1923,,,,,,, 瑑瑡, 1921 248,, 1957, 1980,, :,,,,,, 瑑瑢, 1993, :,,,8 28 ( ),, 239
,, :,, 瑑瑣,,,,, 瑑瑤,, :,,, 249,,,,, ( : ) 瑑瑥, 8 30,, 瑑瑦, 瑑瑧,,, : 瑑瑨,, 240
, :,,,,, 瑑瑩 ;,,, 瑒瑠, 1929,,,, 1929,, 瑒瑡 1935, 250, 瑒瑢, 6 ( 1925 11 1926 5 ),,, 20,, 1993 6, :,, 瑒瑣,,, : 1921, 241
;,,, : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ),( ) 瑒瑤, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, 1928,65 獉獉 1993 6, :, 242
20 : 251,20,,,,,, ( ) 1,, 2,, 20,, 1925, 243
252,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,, ;, ;, ;,, ;,, ;,, :,, ; :,,,,, 244
,,,, ( 253 ) (,1927 ),,,,, 20, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),, ( ) ( ),,,,, 245
20, 254,, 20,, 20 10,, 1924, 1917,,1921 1928,,,,,, 3,,,,,,, 246
,,,, 255,, 4, /,,,,, ( ),,,, 10 20 20, ;,, 20, :, 247
,, 5, 20,,, 256,,,, 15,,,,, 1916,, 1928, ( ) 20, 10,,,,, 6 1917, 248
, 7, 8,, ;, 257 ;,,,,,,,,, (,, ),,,,, :,, ( ) ( ) ( 249
),, ( ),,,, 258, :1921,,,, 1925 6,,, 1928,,,,,,,,1928, 1921 1925,,,,,,, 250
,, 1917, 1927,,, 259,,,,,,,,, 9,,,,,,,, 251
, 1919 1920,,,,, 260, :,,, ( ),,, : 10,, 20, :, 瑏瑡 50 70 80, 20 :20 : 252
,, 瑏瑢 20, 20,,,,, 261,,, 20 ;,, :, : ; ;1927 3 ;,,,, 1928 8 253
,,,,, 254
MR: SDX: XP: 1 :, 158 2 :, 73~74 3, 1919 Daedalus :VeraSchwarz( ),NoSolacefrom Lethe:History,Memory,and CulturalIdentityinTwentieth-centuryChina( : );DavidYen-ho Wu( ),TheConstructionofChinese and Non-ChineseIdentities( );MyronCo hen( ),BeingChinese:ThePeripheralizationof TraditionalIdentity ( : ) RogerT.Ames( ) WrmalDissanayake( ) ThomasP.Kasulis( ) SelfAsPersoninAsianTheoryandPractice( ) 1994 2 4 LizBondi( ) LocatingIdentity Politics, 97 Bondi, 5 IraLapidus( ),Hierarchiesand Networks:ACom parisonofchineseandislamicsocieties( : ), 42 255
6 MaryRankin( ) EliteActivism and PoliticalTransformationinChina( ) ; Pra senjitduara( ):Culture,PowerandtheState( ), 16 ; KennethPomeranz( ):TheMakingofaHinterland( ), 277 ~280 ; GaryG.Hamilton( ), FromtheSoil( ), 27~33 ; AmbroseYeo-ChiKing( ),Kuan-hsiand NetworkBuilding:ASociologicalInterpreta tion( : ) 7 :,DavidS.G.Goodman( ) :PoemsofDe mocracy Movement( ), 29 ; JonathanSpence( ):TheGateof HeavenlyPeace( ), 370 8 ChieNakane( ),JapaneseSociety( ), 1 9, Andrew J. Weigert( ) J.SmithTeitge( ) Dennis W. Teitge( ):SocietyandIdentity( ), 31 MaryRankin( ) : EliteActivismandPoliticalTransformation( ), 228 10 ElizabethJ.Perry( ):StrikesamongShanghaiSilk Weavers, 1927 1937( :1927 1937 ), 317 Marie-ClaireBergère :,, TheShanghaiBankers' Asociation,1915 1927(,1915 1927 ), 24 瑏瑡, HenriLefebvre( ) :TheProduc tionofspace( ) EdwardSoja( ) : PostmodernGeographics( ) 瑏瑢 G.WiliamSkinner( ):MarketingandSocialStructureinRu ralchina( ) RegionalUrbanizationin 256
NineteenthCenturyChina( ) 瑏瑣 RobertParnton( ):TheGreatCat Masacre( ), 23 瑏瑤 Graham Deck( ):TwokindsofTime( ) 瑏瑥 LeoOu-fanLee( ):InSearchof Modernity:SomeReflec tionsonanew ModeofConsciousnesinTwentiethCenturyChineseHistory andliterature( : ), 121 瑏瑦 R.Keith Schoppa( ):Contoursof Revolutionina Chinese County,1900 1950( :1900 1950 ) :1928 8 28 1,1928 8 24 2,1928 7 17 8 11 3 CarlCrow( ):TheTravelers HandbookforChina( ), 108 EugeneBartnete( ):AsILookBack:Recolec tionsofgrowingupinamerica'ssouthlandandof Twenty-sixYearsin Pre-communistChina,1888 1936( :,1888 1936 ), 3 4 5 :,, 18 6 :,, 11 7, 8,, 4 a 9 :, 2 10 :, 45 瑏瑡,1928 8 11 瑏瑢 Harry A.Franck( )1925 :Roving throughsouthchina( ), 41 瑏瑣 1993 6 9, 257
瑏瑤,1928 7 2 瑏瑥 :, 159 瑏瑦 :,,1920 4 1 :,1916 1917 1 ( ):, 7 2 :, 49 3 MR,1916 9 9 4, BrynaGoodman( ):NewCulture,OldHabits:NativePlaceOrganizationandtheMay FourthMovement( : ), 84~89 MaryRankin( ) :EliteActiv ismandpoliticaltransformation( ), 76 79 5 :, 14 6 SDX,, 7 7,1987, 111, ;, 49 258 8 SDX, 7 9,, 330 10 ( ):, 5 瑏瑡 瑏瑢 SDX, 7 瑏瑣 XP,1919 12 7 瑏瑤 ( ):, 5 ; SDX, 14 瑏瑥 SDX, 2~5 ; ( ):, 5~7 瑏瑦 ( ):, 6~7 瑏瑧 XP,1919 12 7 瑏瑨 Benjamin A.Elman( ):Political,Social,andCulturalRe
productionviacivilserviceexaminationsinlateimperialchina( ) 瑏瑩, MyronCohen( ):Be ingchinese:theperipheralizationof TraditionalIdentity( : ), 114~125 ;, EvelynS.Rawski( ):EconomicandSocialFoundationsof LateImperialCulture( ), 5~33 瑐瑠, 瑐瑡 R.Keith Schoppa( ):Politicsand Societyin Chekiang, 1907 1927(,1907 1927 ), 2 3 瑐瑢 :, 98 瑐瑣 MaryBackusRankin( ):EarlyChineseRevolutionaries( ), 119 137 204~205 瑐瑤, 30~47 瑐瑥 Anselm L.Strauss( ):Mirrorsand Masks:The SearchforIdentity( : ), 45 瑐瑦 :, 107 ; :, 415~416 瑐瑧,1912 12 3 8, 瑐瑨 XP,1919 6 8 瑐瑩, Schoppa( ):Politicsand SocietyinChekiang( ), 2 瑑瑠 :, 8~9 瑑瑡 :, 122 瑑瑢 1916 1917, : :, 118~124 ;, 131~145 ; :, 114~121 ; :, 89~103 ; :, 165~166 ; :, 91~126 ; :, 67~74 ; 259
:, 8~9 ; :, 114~117 ; :, 47~57 ; :, 170~179 ; :, 76~93 ; :, 144~147 ; :, 147~158 瑑瑣 J.ClydeMitchel( ):TheConceptand Useof SocialNetworks( ), 20~29 瑑瑤 :, 112 ; :, 112 瑑瑥 :, 178~179 瑑瑦 SDX, 6~7 瑑瑧 XP,1919 6 15 瑑瑨 Weigert( ) Teitge( ) Teitge( ):SocietyandIdenti ty( ), 30 : 瑑瑩, GendaiShinaJimmeikan, 337, GendaiShinaJimmeikan, 782 ;,1912 11 14 ;1914 3 3 5 16 ;1920 7 27 9 28 瑒瑠 ;,, 瑒瑡 Marie-ClaireBergère( ):TheGoldenAgeoftheChinese Bourgeoisie,1911 1937(,1911 1937 ) 瑒瑢 :, 43 瑒瑣, 4, 14~15 ;, 43~44 瑒瑤 :, 91 瑒瑥, 84 瑒瑦,, 260
瑒瑧, 360~363 453~458,, 1912, :, :,,,,,, 1912,,,, 瑒瑨 ( ):, 5 瑒瑩, 143~144, 1~6 ;, 149~155,,, 104 瑓瑠, PamelaKyleCrossLey( ):OrphanWarriors( ), 248,1984 ; Barnet( ):AsILookBack( ), 104 瑓瑡,, 153 ;Returnsof TradeandTradeReports( ), 822,1914 ;,1914 2 21 3 19 瑓瑢,1915 12 13 瑓瑣 :, 15 瑓瑤,, MichaelKeith( ) StevePile( ):Introduction,PartI:ThePoliticsofSpace(, : ) 261
瑓瑥 1916,,, 1911,,,,,,,,1913 6 27 12 6 ;1914 2 21 ;1916 5 12 瑓瑦,1912 12 8~10,, 1 ;, 149~151 瑓瑧, 3~4 瑓瑨 MR,1916 9 7 瑓瑩,1915 4 14 1916 5 6 瑔瑠 MR,1916 9 7 瑔瑡 MR,1916 9 9 瑔瑢 MR,1916 9 21 10 16 瑔瑣,1913 1 22 瑔瑤 GeorgeYu( ):PartyPoliticsinRepublicanChina ( ), 76 97, 瑔瑥, Schoppa( ):ChineseElitesandPolitical Change( ), 58 93~94 146 147 179 瑔瑦 1917 4 22, : MR,1917 4 24 瑔瑧 MR,1916 12 9 瑔瑨 : 69 51 (75%), (47.1%) 262
22 (43%), 34 (67%) ; 9 (17.6%), 10 ( 20%), 14 (27.5%), 10, 6 6 瑔瑩 ChineseElitesandPoliticalChange( ), 168~174,,,,, :, 85~90,,,, ;, ;, ;,,,,, Rankin( ):EarlyChineseRevolutionaries( ), 215 216 223,,1909 12 25 ;, GendaiShinaJimeikan, 780 781, 1912 1 19 1919 12 13 ;, ;, Rankin ( ):EarlyChineseRevolutionaries( ), 200 215 ;, :, 73 瑖瑠 MR,1916 10 29 瑖瑡 MR,1916 9 22 10 9 瑖瑢 MR,1916 10 23 26 29 瑖瑣 MR,1916 12 6 263
瑖瑤 MR,1916 12 22 瑖瑥 :, 151~153 ;,1916 12 28 瑖瑦 :, 152 瑖瑧 SDX, 8 瑖瑨 :, 40,,,,, (,1916 12 30 ),, ; 5, ;, 10,, :, 152 瑖瑩 :, 85 瑘瑠,1917 1 4 ; :, 39,, 瑘瑡,1917 1 6 ; NorthChina Herald( ),1917 1 6, 11 瑘瑢 :, 153 瑘瑣 MR,1917 1 4 5 264 瑘瑤 MR,1917 1 5 瑘瑥 瑘瑦,1915 1 18 瑘瑧 MR,1916 11 29 瑘瑨 MR,1917 1 7,
, : 9 20, 11,1,5, 3 瑘瑩 瑝瑠 Goodman( ),NewCulture,Old Habits( ), 100~101 瑝瑡 瑝瑢 MR,1917 1 11 瑝瑣, 140 瑝瑤 :, 153 瑝瑥, 92 瑝瑦,1917 2 13 瑝瑧 MR,1916 10 18 瑝瑨, 140 瑝瑩,1917 4 6 ;,1917 4 13 MR,1917 4 12 ;,1917 4 22,1917 4 8 9 :,,1921 11 8 SDX, 5 ; :, 38 XP,1919 10 26 XP,1919 8 17 XP,1919 6 8 XP,1919 8 31 :, 176~196,1920 2 22 HowardL.Boorman( ) :BiographicalDictionaryof Re publicanchina( ),Ⅰ:71,1917 6 16 SDX, 9 265
:,1919 1920 1 2, JeremyBoissevain ( ):AnExplorationofTwoFirst-OrderZones( ), 125~148 3 AlaboutShanghaiandEnvirons( ), 55~57 4 C.E.Darwent( ):Shanghai:A Handbookfor Travelers andresidents( : ), 71 5 PanLing( ):InSearchofoldShanghai( ), 93 6 XP 7 XP,1919 8 24 8 Darwent( ):Shanghai:A Handbook for Travelersand Residents( : ), 74~75 9 PanLing( ):InSearchofoldShanghai( ), 89 10 瑏瑡 Darwent( ):Shanghai:A Handbook for Travelersand Residents( : ), 185 瑏瑢 PanLing( ):InSearchofoldShanghai( ), 89 瑏瑣 :, 76 瑏瑤,XP,1920 6 6,, 204~214 瑏瑥 SDX, 5~6 瑏瑦 :, 25 瑏瑧 Herman MastⅢ and WilianG.Saywel( ):Revolu tionoutoftradition:thepoliticalideologyoftaichi-t'ao( : ), Boorman( ):BiographicalDic tionaryofrepublicanchina( ),3:200~205 266
瑏瑨 MastandSaywel( ):Revolutionoutof Tradition ( ), 77 瑏瑩, 78 瑐瑠 瑐瑡 HermanMastⅢ( ):AnIntelectualBiographyofTaiChi-t 'aofrom1891to1928(, 46 Mast(, 45,n.46), MariusJansen( ) The JapaneseandSunYat-sen( ) : 瑐瑢 Boorman( ):BiographicalDictionaryof Republican China ( ),3:180;PanLing( ):InSearchofoldShanghai ( ), 78 瑐瑣 Mast( ):IntelectualBiographyofTaiChi-t'ao( ), 50~51 瑐瑤 1912,,, Mast( ),IntelectualBiographyofTaiChi-t'ao( ), 26,, 1918 5, ;, 1919 5 瑐瑥 XP,1919 8 17 瑐瑦,, 115~117 瑐瑧, Boorman( ):BiographicalDictionaryof RepublicianChina,4:27~29. 1912 1913, 1913 1914,,, 瑐瑨, Jo seph.t.chen( ):TheMayFourth MovementinShanghai( 267
), 75~190 ; Jefrey N.Wasser strom( ):StudentProtestsinTwentieth CenturyChi na:theview from Shanghai( : ) 2 3 瑐瑩 Chen,TheMayFourth MovementinShanghai, 85~86 瑑瑠, Jefrey Wasserstrom( ): TheEvolutionoftheShanghaiStudentProtestRepertoire;or,WhereDo CorrectTacticsComefrom ( ; ), 124~125 瑑瑡 XP,1919 6 15 瑑瑢 XP,1919 12 28 瑑瑣 XP,1919 6 22 瑑瑤,XP,1919 6 15 瑑瑥 :, 26 瑑瑦 :, 62~63 瑑瑧 :, 26 瑑瑨, 17 瑑瑩 :, 26 瑒瑠,,XP,1919 6 15 ;,XP, 1919 9 21 ;,,XP, 1919 7 27 ;,,XP,1919 6 13 20 ;,,XP,1919 8 17 瑒瑡,XP,1919 8 24, 268 瑒瑢,XP,1919 9 14 瑒瑣,XP,1919 8 10 瑒瑤 XP,1919 11 23 瑒瑥 XP,1919 6 15,, 117~119 瑒瑦 Margery Wolf( ):WomenandSuicideinChina(
), 118 瑒瑧 ChristinaGilmartin( ):Mobilizing Woman: TheEarlyExperiencesoftheChineseCommunistParty,1920 1927( :,1920 1927 ), 144~145 瑒瑨 :,, 8 1981 1923,,,,,,,,, ( ),,, :,, :,,, 78~79,, 瑒瑩 1921 2 4,, 2:539~541;3: 647~670 瑓瑠 XP,1919 8 3 瑓瑡,XP,1919 12 7 瑓瑢 Yeh Wen-hsin( ):MiddleCounty Radicalism:The May Fourth Movementin Hangzhou( : ) 瑓瑣 :, 77 瑓瑤, :, 733 ; :, 269
738~739,,1928 9 3 瑓瑥 :, 173 瑓瑦,XP,1919 12 7 瑓瑧,1920 9 6,, 143~145 瑓瑨 1993 6 9 瑓瑩 SDX, 14 ; :, 13 瑔瑠 SDX, 15 瑔瑡 :, 159 ; :, 10 瑔瑢 :,, 19 瑔瑣 瑔瑤 :, 159~160 瑔瑥,1949, 1988 瑔瑦,1920 6 6,, 204~214 瑔瑧,1920 10 14 瑔瑨 XP,1919 10 10,, 130~131 瑔瑩,XP,1919 6 8 瑖瑠,XP,1919 7 20 瑖瑡,,XP,1919 9 28 瑖瑢 XP,1919 11 23 瑖瑣,XP,1919 12 21 ;,XP, 1920 2 8 瑖瑤 HansJ.VandeVen( ):FromFriendtoComrade ( ), 59 ;C.MartinWilburandJulieLien-yingHow( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 442~443 ;ArifDirlik( ):TheOriginsofChineseCommunism ( ), 203~205 ; :, 119 ; :, 61 ; ( ):, 46 270
瑖瑥 :, 26 瑖瑦 Wilburand How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 442~443 瑖瑧 Dirlik( ):TheOriginsofChineseCommunism( ), 161 瑖瑨 :, 564 瑖瑩 Gilmartin( ):MobilizingWomen( ), 145 瑘瑠 :, 25~26 瑘瑡,,2:181~182;, 257~258 ;, 256~257 瑘瑢 :, 76 瑘瑣 Boorman( ):BiographicalDictionaryof Republican China ( ),I:242~243, Dirlik( ) TheOriginsofChi nesecommunism( ) 瑘瑤 :, 109~116 瑘瑥 :, 25~26 瑘瑦 :, 71 ; :, 564, 1921 ;, ;,, 瑘瑧 :, 47 1920 瑘瑨 ; :, 61~62 ;,2:159~160, 瑘瑩 Boorman( ):BiographicalDictionaryof Republican China ( ),2:328 瑝瑠 :, 6~18 ( 1955 ), 271
, 50~55 ( 1959 ); :, 76~78 瑝瑡 :, 20 瑝瑢 :, 76 瑝瑣 :, 303~304 ; :, 58 瑝瑤 :, 76~77 瑝瑥 :, 58 瑝瑦 :, 46 瑝瑧 :, 76 瑝瑨 :, 312 瑝瑩 :, 62 :, 26 :, 52~53 Yu( ):PartyPoliticsinRepublicanChina( ), 76, ChadGordon( ): Self-Conceptions:ConfigurationsofContent( : ), 115~136 Weigert,TeitgeandTeitge( ):SocietyandIden tity( ), 31 :, 54 LeeFeigon( ):ChenDuxiu:FounderoftheChineseCommu nistparty( : ), 196 ; Dirlik, 249 :, 26 :, 7 ;, 52 :, 68, 69, ;, 272
:,1921 1922 1 Schoppa( ):ContoursofRevolutioninaChineseCounty( ) 2,1923 5 6 3, 1 4,23:8~9 5 MR,1921 4 22 1922 5 16 6,1985, 69 7,1920 3 25 8,1985, 76~77 9,1985, 69 ;, 2 10,1985, 76~77 瑏瑡, ( ) :, 31 瑏瑢 6 20, 6 26, 瑏瑣,1921 8 8 瑏瑤 :, 6 瑏瑥,XP,1919 9 7 瑏瑦,XP,1919 7 13 瑏瑧, : 79~83 瑏瑨,1928 9 3 瑏瑩 Gilmartin( ):MobilizingWoman( ), 144~146, 1991 10 4 瑐瑠,1987, 113~114 瑐瑡 ; 2, :, 273
730~736 ; :, 737~739 ; :, 742~748 ; :, 755~756 ; :, 757~762 : 瑐瑢 :, 86 瑐瑣,1985, 27 瑐瑤 :, 6 瑐瑥 :, 45~46,,1922 12 15, 瑐瑦,1985, 37~38 瑐瑧,1922 3 27, :, 30 瑐瑨, 2 瑐瑩 瑑瑠 AngusMcDonald( ) 1917 1919, 1923, TheUrbanOriginsofRural Revolution( ), 217, FemandoGalbiati( ):P'engP'ai andthehai-lu-fengsoviet( ), RobertMarks ( ):RuralRevolutioninSouthChina( ) Galbiati Marks 1922 Galbiati, Marks, 173 Koy Hofheinz,Jr( ) The Broken Wave( ) 16 瑑瑡,1987, 13 瑑瑢, 4 13 瑑瑣 ( ),,1987, 14~ 瑑瑤 MR,1921 8 23 瑑瑥,,1987, 17~20, 8 1 ; 274
1987 1921 11 9 23 瑑瑦,1987, 20 瑑瑧,1985, 36 瑑瑨,1985, 69~70 瑑瑩 :,, 101 瑒瑠 SDX, 5~6 ; :, 31 瑒瑡,1985, 6 74~75 瑒瑢 :, 31 瑒瑣,1985, 32~33 瑒瑤,1985, 30~31 瑒瑥 MR,1921 12 21 瑒瑦 :, 32 瑒瑧 :, :, 32 瑒瑨 :, 102 瑒瑩, 3~4 ;,1985, 7~8 瑓瑠, 1 3~4 ;,1987 :, 55~57 瑓瑡,1985, 29 瑓瑢, 4 ;,1985, 73~74 瑓瑣 :, 465 瑓瑤, 465~466 瑓瑥 :,, 101 瑓瑦,1921 12 12 ;, 5 瑓瑧 ( ):, 38~43 ;,1985, 9 瑓瑨, 5 275
瑓瑩,1985, 80 瑔瑠,1921 12 19 瑔瑡 MR,1921 12 31 ;,1985, 13 瑔瑢, 16 瑔瑣 :, 33 瑔瑤,1985, 73 瑔瑥 MR,1921 12 21 瑔瑦,1985, 36 瑔瑧, 5 ;,1985, 13~14 ;MR,1921 12 21 瑔瑨,1985, 40 瑔瑩, 40 73~75 瑖瑠, 14 瑖瑡, 15 80 瑖瑢 MR,1922 2 10, KathrynBernhardt( ):Rent,Taxes,andPeasantResistanee ( ), 165~172 瑖瑣,,1987, 150 ~158 1921 12 15 1922 4 13 瑖瑤 MR,1921 10 7 8 9 14 17 26 29 31 11 7 瑖瑥 MR,1921 10 17 瑖瑦 MR,1921 11 8 瑖瑧 R.Keith Schoppa( ):Provinceand Nation:TheChekiang ProvincialAutonomy Movement,1917 1927( :,1917 1927 ) 瑖瑨 R.KeithSchoppa( ):ShenPingyiinOpposition,1921and 1928(,1921 1928 ) 276 瑖瑩,1985, 42~45 71~72 瑘瑠, 75 瑘瑡, 68 76~77
瑘瑢, 62~63 瑘瑣 MR,1922 1 23 瑘瑤, 1921 11 1922 2,, 瑘瑥,1987, 8~9 瑘瑦,1985, 68 瑘瑧,1911 6 8 瑘瑨 :,I:113~114 瑘瑩 RobertC.Solomon( ):RecapturingPersonalIdenti ty( ), 14 瑝瑠,1985, 39 瑝瑡 :,, 101 瑝瑢 MR,1922 3 4 瑝瑣 :,, 7 瑝瑤 GregoryP.Stone( ):AppearanceandtheSelf ( ), 94 瑝瑥, Mitchel( ):Conceptand UseofSocialNetworks( ), 20~22 26~27 :,1924 1925 1 :,, 8,, 2,XP,1919 11 2 3,1921 1 5 4,, 1922 4 ( 51~52 ), :TheRiseoftheChineseCommunist 277
Party( ),I:128 5 :,, 5 6 Wilburand How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 45~57 7 SDX, 9 8, 468~469 9 :, 49 53, 10, 467 ; :, 87 89~90,, 46 ~48 瑏瑡,1924 1 1 瑏瑢 Wilburand How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 87~88 TonySaich( ):TheOringinsof thefirstunitedfrontinchina( ), 193 瑏瑣 :, 159 瑏瑤 :RiseoftheChineseCommunistParty( ),I:191~201, 1922 瑏瑥, 1993 瑏瑦, 18,, 瑏瑧 MR,1924 1 8 瑏瑨 Mast( ):IntelectualBiographyofTaiChi-t'ao( ), 169~171 瑏瑩 Boorman( ):BiographicalDictionaryof Republican China (,3:201 瑐瑠 Wilburand How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 97~100 瑐瑡, 211 1923, 278
:, 53 瑐瑢 MR,1924 3 8 瑐瑣 XP,1919 9 7 瑐瑤 MR,1924 4 1 瑐瑥 :,, 9 瑐瑦 MR,1924 4 4 瑐瑧, JohnFitzgerald( ):The MisconceivedRevolution:StateandSocietyinChina'sNationalistRevolu tion,1923 1926( :,1923 1926 ) 瑐瑨 MR,1924 4 9 5 10 瑐瑩 :, 97 瑑瑠 MR,1924 5 7 瑑瑡 MR,1924 4 15 瑑瑢 瑑瑣, Edward A.McCord( ):ThePoweroftheGun:TheEmergenceof ModernChineseWarlordism ( : ), 308 312~315 瑑瑤 MR,1924 5 21 瑑瑥 MR,1924 4 22 瑑瑦 MR,1924 5 2 ; :, 97~98 4 22, 瑑瑧 :, 159 瑑瑨 :, 100 瑑瑩 MR,1924 5 2 瑒瑠 :, 38~39 DavidStrand ( ) RickshawBeijing( ) 瑒瑡, Schoppa( ):ChineseElitesandPo 279
liticalchange( ), 175~181 瑒瑢 JeanChesneaux( ):TheChineseLabor Movement,1917 1927( :1917 1927 ), 365 瑒瑣 Schoppa( ):ChineseElitesandPoliticalChange( ), 182~183 瑒瑤, 183 瑒瑥 MR,1924 5 6 瑒瑦 MR,1924 5 11 瑒瑧 :RiseoftheChineseCommunistParty( ),I:342~343 : 瑒瑨 :RiseoftheChineseCommunistParty( ),I:342, 瑒瑩 SDX, 15~16 瑓瑠 MR,1924 5 5 瑓瑡 Schoppa( ):PoliticsandSocietyinChekiang( ), 225~229 瑓瑢, 26 a 瑓瑣, 184 瑓瑤 :, 164,, 瑓瑥, 24 瑓瑦, 64,, 29~33,20 ( 37 ) 瑓瑧 LeoOu-fanLee( ):VoicesfromtheIronHouse( ), 119 280 瑓瑨 E.H.Clayton( ):HeavenBelow( ), 32 瑓瑩 :,, 13 瑔瑠 Weigert,Teitge, Teitge( ):SocietyandIden
tity( ), 58 瑔瑡 Mitchel( ) ConceptandUseofSocialNetworks( ), 47 :, 瑔瑢, 424 瑔瑣 C.Martin Wilbur( ):TheNationalistRevolutioninChina, 1923 1928(,1923 1928 ), 19 ;Wilburand How( ):MisionariesofRevolution( ), 105~106 瑔瑤 Boorman( ):BiographicalDictionaryof Republican China ( ),3:387 瑔瑥,1924 9 10 ; :, 98 瑔瑦, 427 瑔瑧, 424 ; :, 98 瑔瑨, 425 瑔瑩 瑖瑠 Wilbur( ):TheNationalistRevolutioninChina(, 20 瑖瑡 MR,1924 12 7 11 12 17 20 21 瑖瑢 Wilburand How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 120 瑖瑣 MR,1925 1 7 瑖瑤 :, 99 瑖瑥 MR,1925 1 7 瑖瑦 MR,1925 3 27 瑖瑧 MR,1925 4 2 27 瑖瑨 MR,1925 5 12 瑖瑩 Wilburand How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 148~149 瑘瑠 :, 78~79 281
瑘瑡 WangKe-wen( ):TheKuomintanginTransition( ), 62 355 瑘瑢, 162~163 瑘瑣 :, 79 瑘瑤, 425 瑘瑥 Wilburand How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 123 瑘瑦 :, 99 瑘瑧 :, 160 瑘瑨 :, 100 瑘瑩 瑝瑠 MR,1925 6 26 瑝瑡 MR,1925 7 2 瑝瑢 MR,1925 7 9 :, 411 瑝瑣 SDX, 10 瑝瑤 :, 213 ; : 瑝瑥 MichaelKeith( ) StevePile( ),Intro duction,part2:theplaceof Politics( ; : ), 37 瑝瑦 :, 101~103 瑝瑧, :, 4 282 瑝瑨 :, 212~213 瑝瑩 :, 212~213 XP,1920 5 1,,XP,1919 11 23
MR,1925 7 11 :, 411, ( ) :, 104~105 :,, 5 :, 67, 199 :,1925 1926 1, 428 :, 198 2 :, 160 3,XP,1921 1 5 4 :, 43 5 :, 103 6, 429 7 :, 103 8 Wilbur How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 101 9, 103~104 10, 171 瑏瑡 瑏瑢 :, 199 瑏瑣, 212 瑏瑤 :, 104 瑏瑥,, 3, 11 ; :, 98 瑏瑦, 429 Angus McDonald( ) : 283
UrbanOriginsof RuralRevolution( ), 139 瑏瑧, 151~153 瑏瑨 15, VeraVladimirovnaVishnyakova-Akimova,Twoyears inrevolutionary China,1925 1927 ( :1925 1927 ), 50~53 瑏瑩, 50~67 142~210 瑐瑠, 51~52 61 64 瑐瑡 Wilburand How( ):Misionariesof Revolution( ), 191 瑐瑢, R.KeithSchoppa( ):Shen DingyiandtheWestern HilsGroup: What'sa ManLikeYou Doingina GroupLikeThis ( : ) 瑐瑣, 45 瑐瑤, 193 瑐瑥 MR,1925 12 22 瑐瑦 :, 105~106 瑐瑧 MR,1926 1 5 瑐瑨 MR,1926 1 5 7 13 瑐瑩 MR,1926 1 5 瑑瑠 :, 99 瑑瑡 :, 106 瑑瑢, 324~325 瑑瑣, 326 瑑瑤, 129 瑑瑥, 118 瑑瑦, 272 ; : 6, 284 瑑瑧, 326 ;MR,1926 3 9
瑑瑨, 322 瑑瑩 :, 106~107 瑒瑠, 325~326 瑒瑡, 325 瑒瑢 :, 201 瑒瑣 :, 106~107 瑒瑤, 106 瑒瑥 :, 201 瑒瑦, 326 瑒瑧, 194~196 瑒瑨 SDX, 11 瑒瑩 McDonald( ):UrbanOriginsofRuralRevolution( ), 5 瑓瑠, 326 瑓瑡 瑓瑢, 322 瑓瑣, 322~323 瑓瑤, 326~327 瑓瑥, 209~210 瑓瑦, 211 瑓瑧, 195 瑓瑨 77~82 瑓瑩, 211 瑔瑠, 328 瑔瑡, 195 瑔瑢, 328 瑔瑣, 325~326 瑔瑤,1923 3 8 瑔瑥 JonathanSpence( ):TheGateof HeavenlyPeace( 285
), 193~194 瑔瑦 JonathanSpence( ):TheSearchforModernChina( ), 344 瑔瑧, 146 瑔瑨, 156 瑔瑩, 157 瑖瑠, 157~159 瑖瑡, 173 瑖瑢, 180 瑖瑣, 181 瑖瑤, 182 瑖瑥, 170 瑖瑦, 352 瑖瑧, 359 瑖瑨, 362 瑖瑩 MR,1926 7 14 瑘瑠, 197~198 瑘瑡, 320 瑘瑢, 315 瑘瑣, 327 瑘瑤, 284 瑘瑥 :, 201~202, 198, 8 24, 8 1 8 20 瑘瑦, 285,, 202 瑘瑧 :, 5, 286
瑘瑨 :, 202 瑘瑩 SDX, 12 瑝瑠,1922 3 2 :,1927 1 MR,1927 3 7 2,1927 3 18~19 3,1927 3 19 4 :, 108~109 5 :, 9 6, 10~11 7 Bergere( ):TheShanghaiBankers'Asociation,1915 1927 ( :1915 1927 ), 26 8 :, 110 9 Chesneaux( ):ChineseLabor Movement( ), 364 10 :, 108 瑏瑡,1927 3 20 瑏瑢 Schoppa( ):ChineseElitesandPoliticalChange( ), 182~183 瑏瑣 MR,1927 4 4 瑏瑤 MR,1927 4 2 瑏瑥,, 74 瑏瑦 :, 110 瑏瑧 :, 11 瑏瑨 MR,1927 3 29 瑏瑩 MR,1927 3 31 287
瑐瑠 :, 110 瑐瑡 121, 4 瑐瑢 :, 110 : 207,, 瑐瑣,1927 4 3 瑐瑤 MR,1927 4 2 瑐瑥 :, 111 瑐瑦 :, 13 94 瑐瑧 :, 13 瑐瑨,,, 75 瑐瑩 :, 208 ; :, 111~112 瑑瑠 :, 14 瑑瑡 :, 112~113 ; :, 209 :, 28~47 瑑瑢 :, 28 瑑瑣 :, 43 瑑瑤 :, 208 瑑瑥, :, 83~ 84, :, 14,,, 288 瑑瑦,1927 4 17
瑑瑧,1987, 113~114 瑑瑨 MR,1927 5 20 :, 207 瑑瑩,1927 5 5 瑒瑠,1927 6 22 24 瑒瑡 MR,1927 7 3 瑒瑢 MR,1927 6 12 瑒瑣 MR,1927 6 14 瑒瑤,1927 6 25,,,,, 瑒瑥,XP,1919 10 26 瑒瑦 MR,1927 6 26 瑒瑧,XP,1919 9 7 瑒瑨 MR,1927 7 19 30,8 10 ;,1927 7 16 瑒瑩,1927 7 16 瑓瑠 MR,1927 8 10 瑓瑡,1927 6 26 7 12 瑓瑢 :,, 18 瑓瑣,1927 7 23 瑓瑤,1927 9 3 瑓瑥 MR,1927 9 19 瑓瑦 MR,1927 7 29, 瑓瑧 MR,1927 7 24 瑓瑨,1927 7 6, 瑓瑩 :, 43 瑔瑠 289
瑔瑡 :, 10 : 1927,, 瑔瑢,1927 7 31 瑔瑣,1927 9 9 瑔瑤, 203 瑔瑥,1927 9 4 瑔瑦,1921 9 9 瑔瑧 :, 51 瑔瑨,1927 7 27 瑔瑩 瑖瑠 :, 10 瑖瑡,1927 7 27 瑖瑢,1927 9 14 瑖瑣 :, 10 瑖瑤 Wilbur( ):NationalistRevolutionin China ( ), 157 瑖瑥 WangKe-wen( ):TheKuomintanginTransition( ), 151 瑖瑦,1927 10 12,,, LiTsung-jen( ) TongTe-kong( ):The MemoirsofLiTsung-jen( ), 238 瑖瑧 MR,1927 10 13 290 瑖瑨 SDX, 13 瑖瑩,1927 5 7 瑘瑠 MR,1927 10 2 15 瑘瑡 MR,1927 11 6 瑘瑢
瑘瑣 MR,1927 10 22 瑘瑤,1927 11 10 瑘瑥,1927 11 7 瑘瑦 MR,1927 12 8 瑘瑧 WangKe-wen( ):TheKuomintanginTransition( ), 160 瑘瑨, 161 瑘瑩,1927 11 9 15 瑝瑠,1928 1 12 瑝瑡 MR,1927 12 20 瑝瑢,1928 1 1 瑝瑣,1928 1 11 瑝瑤,1927 12 18 瑝瑥 :,, 17 瑝瑦 MR,1927 10 13 30,12 1 ;,1927 10 30, 11 11 28 :,1928 1,1921 6 23 2 :, 331 3,1927 10 13 4 MR,1927 10 23,11 13, MR,1927 11 19 5 :, 332 6 MR,1928 2 26 7 :, 332 8 MR,1927 11 22 9 :, 396 10, 397 291
瑏瑡, 395 瑏瑢, 333~335 30, CharlesHayford( ):TothePeople:JamesYenandVil lagechina( : );, GuyAlito( ):TheLastConfucian( ), 10 瑏瑣,1928 1 14 瑏瑤,1928 1 12 瑏瑥,1927 12 30 瑏瑦 :, 74 瑏瑧 :, 339~340 瑏瑨, 398 瑏瑩, 334~335 瑐瑠, 399 瑐瑡 :, 43 瑐瑢 :, 334 瑐瑣, 332 瑐瑤, ( 332~333 ), 瑐瑥 :, 338 347~348, 瑐瑦, 347 瑐瑧, 337~338 瑐瑨 SDX, 13 瑐瑩 :, 43~44 瑑瑠 SulamithHeinsPoterandJackM.Poter( ):China'sPeasants:TheAnthropologyofRevolution( : ), 195 292 瑑瑡 :, 387~388 瑑瑢, 389~390 瑑瑣, 392 394
72 瑑瑤, 393 瑑瑥, 390 瑑瑦 瑑瑧, 373~374 瑑瑨 :, 46 瑑瑩 ChineseEconomicBuletin( ),1927 2 5, 瑒瑠 ChineseEconomicJournal( ),1927 12 26, 571 ;ChineseEconomicBuletin( ),1927 2 5, 72 瑒瑡 :, 391 瑒瑢, 361~362 瑒瑣, 392 瑒瑤, 332 瑒瑥, 338 瑒瑦, 340 瑒瑧 瑒瑨,1927 9 15 瑒瑩,1928 1 12 瑓瑠,1928 2 1 瑓瑡,1928 4 17 19 瑓瑢,1928 5 22 瑓瑣,1928 7 3 瑓瑤,1928 7 15 ;, 29 瑓瑥 :, 378 瑓瑦 :, 64 瑓瑧,1928 4 13 瑓瑨,1928 8 13 瑓瑩,1928 8 11 瑔瑠 Wilbur( ):NationalistRevolutionin China ( ), 185~186 293
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