( )
17...1...4...12...14 1966...18...33...34...36...38...44...57 6...63...66...78...80...81...94...98... 101 I
... 102... 103 BBC... 104... 106... 112... 116... 129... 131... 161... 164... 172... 173... 174... 179... 180... 189 II
17 1
384-322 23-79 (Pliny) 17 Condom 0.038 ( 0.030 ) Condom 1725-1798 2
1827 1832 40 1838 1839 1843 20 70 3
1873 3 2 1875 1938 10 1968 6 4
1968 7 1968 8 6 2.8 5
20 20 0.72% 0.3% 6 100 50 20 6
1844 8 1845 1851 12 17 6 1852 1885 1891 7
1961 3 4300 50 50 750 40 8 9 300 3 40 75 8
40 100 1095 5120 250 53 164 7 18 9
1952 2.7 1921 7 10
0.5 18 1800 200 5 45 5 6500 20 11
6500 1967 35 12
35 13
5 1 14
11 100 9 1050 1.7 1985 4000 1992 15
2002 9 16
3 2002 5 2002 4 5 3 17
1966 1966 5 5 24 (5 4 26 ) 23 24 18
19 ( )
1955 11 5 1966 6 4 3 20
1967 1 18 14 1966 6 1 21
22
6 3 6 18 23
24 7 18 7 23
( ) 25
1966 7 28 ( ) ( ) ( ) 26
7 29 28 27
28 ( )
29
11 30
31
32
8000 2700 33
1304 1839 20 80 45 34
35 6 200 300 700 7
10% 761 1500 13 8 55 8 ( ) - 40 800 820 200 36
1812 10-15 15 60 40 5 5-6 37
30 38
( ) 112 (50 ) 39
15 ( ) 40
5 5 41
( ) 40 42
(Queen Elizabeth II) 1926 4 21 (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary) 1947 7 9 ( ) 11 20 1951 1952 2 6 43
1986 10 ( ) 44
45 ( ) ( ) ( )
46 ( )
47 ( )
48 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) (1917 ) (1918 ) (1927 ) (1929 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 49
50 ( )
( ) 51
52 ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) 53
( ) ( ) ( ) 54
( ) ( ) ( ) 55
56 1900 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
57 2.3 3 1945 1947 4 4
620 1946 3 30% 15% 30% 620 2250 11-5-5 1.5 200 1949 5 13 58
59 1949 12 1950 4
1952 2 17 60 1200 1952 4 27 60
60 1971 10 25 26 70 10% 61
1972 7 1978 8 12 10 23 120 600 1200 62
1800 6 60 M 21 6 6 63
3 64
1945 3 3 M 65
66 1950 11 12 1 1950
(4 ) (4 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) 1950 9 67
10 11 1951 1 4 68
4 25 15 ( ) 1951 1952 5 3 69
1953 5 4 5 4 5 9 70
1953 71
1953 7 4 8 20 72
( ) 73
4 1971 9 1953 12 20 10 74
1954 3 6 12 6 15 75
76 1954 1 8 10
77
4 17 1991 31.3 23.8 5000 78
16 11 1011 997 2002 ( ) 7 79
80
81 76 40 30 1939
1941 1941 1 17 60 1940 1940 10 19 1 82
7 8 1941 1 4 9000 1 6 3 5 3 6 32 7 8 1 14 14 3 12 1 17 83
1 30 1 18 1 20 1 17 12 84
7 6 85
86
87 ( 1995 416 ) 1940 ( )
1940 7 16 50 10 1940 9 19 ( ( ) 1982 62 )10 8 10 9 10 12 10 21 10 25 11 15 11 21 11 24 11 30 12 14 12 26 88
1940 12 28 1941 1 ( ) 1940 4 3 89
90 4 9 ( () 1988 153 )
91 12 28 1 4 5
1941 1 5 1 6 7 40 120 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 6 7 ( 1983 154 ) 92
40 1984 1986 1989 93
1991 2000 1997 1000 1941 ( 1999 11 ) 1300 1000 1300 2000 2000 94
21 1922 1891 1922 11 4 1922 11 26 1923 3 1935 95
21 96
1999 5 97
30 ( ) ( 98
99 ) ( ) 60
100 ( )
9 4 101
102
1963 ( ) 6 4 29 1945 1947 11 7 103
BBC (BBC) 4 8 1835 1909 1885 1908 1000 104
1865 1884 1885 1908 105
106
107 30 3.4
1.3 1.5 2700 2 5 1 108
109
110 9 () 11
111 5
( ) 112
( ) 8 1945 5 1916 7 4 1941 6 113
114 ( )
( DJ ) 115
1949 10 6 1 75 60 70 1977 116
1871 5 5 21 28 117
1871 5 23 23 ( ) 24 5 28 118
119 1900 1980 19 1945
1884 1871 120
1871 5 24 25 1944 ( ) 121
122
123 5 27 28 28
( ) 28 124
1871 5 3 18 1871 1871 125
126
1871 1872 127
20 1789 1789 1830 1848 1871 1936 1905 1945 128
3000 5 19 6 6 129
17 1908 17 1927 25 130
1917 16 10 1920 12 ( ) 1900 3300 131
18 1903 1922 11 5 19 3300 3 132
3300 10000 3 10 (Tombof Tutankhamun) 1600 133
1648 1660 18 134
1587 19 1304 191 108.93 1905 3106 75 135
1908 2 10 1063.65 1 530.02 2 317.4 2444 2 20 100 1830 22599 136
(BritishRoyalJewellery) 1622 8 29 5 17 137
1955 20 6 1985 7 20 30 40 8 500 4 138
(Nuestra Senora De Atocha) 30 20 26 13 8 5 500 1919 360 4 1919 139
1925 115 42 19 61 2 1 1 1 1 1 140
165 3 32 1 3 1300 1500 3 3 2 8 16 14 17 141
16 17 19 1000 (Hearst Castle) 16 142
( 6500 ) 1692 6 7 143
11 47 2/3 1835 7 11 1959 144
11 47 4 1990 A(M A(M 99% (Royal Port) 145
928 1000 1000 1940 44 1973 1999 146
147 1999 3 1000
45 23 1990 148
149 8 30 1992 37
120 20 (Cosmic Treasure) 3000 1987 150
1988 100 700 151
0.5 (Lordof Sipan stomb) 152
1992 11 16 1992 11 11 15 16 50 1.5 153
14191 565 24 99% ( ) 394 405 13 50 565 79 20 29 154
155 250 440 125 (Hoxne Hoard)
18 156
17 3017 10 3 189.62 17 309 ( 189.62 ) 1739 1767 1772 1773 40 157
130.35 99.52 88.7 3 3 3 95 88.7 1829 158
1762 4936 2858 1907 398.72 2672 1914 75% 1711 159
200 6 5 18 1770 565 1941 27 ( ) 1943 1944 8 160
8 1922 25300 1700 2600 2600 (Russian Diamond Resource) 161
19 162
( ) 19 163
20 2001 7 ( ) 164
1924 1922 10 18 10 20 12 16 224 171 1924 1 21 165
17 30 18 45 18 50 53 500 500 40 4 6 50 1924 1 6 1.2 166
1925 26 167
1924 5 26 168
1939 70 16 70% 12 24 1941 7 3 169
170 410 5 1943 12 1945 3
171 10
30 1961 1966 2 20 172
30 3 22 16 1797 3 3 1984 1798 3 5 173
1375596 3 1945 1950 25 6 22 59 174
1945 4 4 24 25 4 29 175
4 29 176
177 4 30 3 45
5 5 ( ) 178
6 1526 4 16 179
100 200 ( ) ( ) (1668 ) 17 (1643 ) 180
( ) 181
182 ( )
183 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
184 39 ( 3 )
( ) 13 ( ) 1943 185
( ) ( ) 186
( ) ( ) 187
188
1 189
1949 4 1949 5 13 190
6 24 7 2 7 25 191
7 21 1950 10 27 192
10 30 1 11 1 6 193
1954 7 18 23 194
7 21 1955 11 195
8 4 11 6 12 4 26 7 13 8 13 196
197