45 6 Vol.45, No.6 2014 11 OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA Nov., 2014 * 1, 2, 3 1, 2 1, 2 1, 2 (1. 266071; 2. 266071; 3. 100049) 1956 2005 PN, NCEP,, (PDO),, 19 33Sv, 24.30Sv(1Sv=10 6 m 3 /s);, 1956 2005 8.73Sv 9.86Sv 9.38Sv,, PDO ; ; ; ; P731 doi: 10.11693/hyhz20140100025,,,,,,,,,, (, 1996),, 20 80,, (1982) 1955 1979,, Yuan (1994) 1986 1992,, Ichikawa (1993), (1998, 1999, 2000), 1992 1994,,, 1995,,,, (1981), 3a 8 9a, Saiki(1982), 8a 5.5a, (1994), 1.8a 8a (, 1996;, 1999), (2008) Zhang (2012),, 1976, *, KZCX2-EW-209 ; A, XDA11020104, XDA11020305 ; ( ), GASI-03-01-01-02,, E-mail: qijifeng80@163.com :,,, E-mail: bsyin@qdio.ac.cn : 2014-01-15, : 2014-02-24
1142 45,,,,, PN NCEP,, PDO, 1 (1981) 1956 2005 PN ( 1), 700 10 2 hpa PN ( 1), ( 30 30 N, 124 30 E, 27 30 N, 128 15 E, 37 ),,,, 1 PN, Fig.1 The location of the PN section 1955 1 2005 12 (NCEP), 17 (1000, 925, 850, 700, 600, 500, 400, 300, 250, 200, 150, 100, 70, 50, 30, 20, 10hPa), 144 73, 2.5 2.5, : 90 N 90 S, 0 E 357.5 E (0 N 50 N, 100 E 180 E)850hPa (PDO) PDO 20 N SST (EOF), SST SST, (SLP), PDO, PDO, PDO, PDO,,, PDO 2, 1 1956 2005, ( ) 24.30Sv(1Sv=10 6 m 3 /s), 3.58Sv,, Yuan (1994), 2,, 19 33Sv, 27 28Sv, 178 21, 1, 30.83Sv, 2005, 16.56Sv, 1957,, 35.10Sv(2002 ),, 33.70Sv(2005 ),, 33.10Sv, 1977 2005 ;, 6.70Sv(1974 ),, 11.87Sv(1968 ),, 20.20Sv 18.30Sv, 1993 1974,,, 14.27Sv,,, 28.40Sv,,, 21.83Sv,, 14.80Sv 12.90Sv
6 : 1143 表 1 PN 断 面 黑 潮 流 量 ( 单 位 : Sv) Table 1 Kuroshio volume transport on the PN section (in Sv) 24.73 5.79 35.10 2002 6.70 1974 28.40 24.97 3.45 33.10 1977 20.20 1993 12.90 25.91 4.97 33.70 2005 11.87 1968 21.83 24.27 3.72 33.10 2005 18.30 1974 14.80 24.30 3.58 30.83 2005 16.56 1957 14.27 2 1956 2005 Fig.2 The frequency distribution of the Kuroshio volume transport (KVT) through section PN during 1956 2005 3,, 3.1 3a ( ),, 1976,, 1976 ; 6.53Sv, 2005, 7.74Sv, 1957, 14.27Sv, (σ=3.58), (σ=3.58), 1981, 1986, 1988, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 2005, 1956, 1957, 1963, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1971 1974, 1976, 3 ( ) ( ) Fig.3 Inter-annual (solid line) and inter-decadal variations (bashed line) of the KVT anomalies 1976, 1976, : 5.3a 24.9a 3.6a, 3 5a, 25a, Saiki, 3 5a, ENSO (, 2008) 3.2 3b c,, 10.37Sv, 2002, 18.03Sv, 1974, 28.40Sv; 8.76Sv, 13.04Sv, 2005 1968, 21.80Sv,,
1144 45 2.7a 20a 3.5a, 14.7a 3a 5.1a,,, 2a 3.5a, 3a 5a,,, 1959, 1981 1986 1987 2002 2005, 1956 1957 1963 1964 1967 1970 1971 1974 1977 ; 1970 1990 1992 1994 2001 2005, 1957 1958 1959 1962 1968 1969 1972, ( ) 4,, 4.1 3 5 3,, 20 70,, ; 70,, 25a, 20 70, t (, 1998),, 1976 t 5.770, 0.01 (2.878), 1956 2005 50 1976 1956 1976,, 3.0Sv, 1977 2005,, 2.17Sv SST (, 2002;, 2004), 3,,,, 20a,, 14.7a, ;,, 1976,, 1970, 4.2,,,, 1956 2005 t (, 1998), : 2 3 4 f () t c0 c1t c2t c3t c4t (1) 1/2 1 1/2 2 t ct 5 ct 6 ct 7 ct 8 ce 9 c10ln t, t, 1956, t =1, 2, 3,, 50; c 0 c 10 (1),,, : : f ( t) 19.76 0.1781t (2) : f ( t) 19.52 0.2012t (3) : f ( t) 20.03 0.1914t (4) (2) (4),, 50 4 ( 4 ( ) Fig.4 The inter-annual variations (solid line) and long-term trend (dash line) of the KVT in the East China Sea
6 : 1145, ), 20 50, 1956 2005, 8.73Sv 9.86Sv 9.38Sv,,, 5,, (1982),,, ; (1992),,, (2008),, (20 N 28 N, 150 E 130 W),,, 5.1,, 850hPa, 6 ( 5a),, 0.40,, 0.60( 99% ) 5b 12,, 0.36( 99% ) (1982),,, 6, 6, 5 a. 6 ; b. 12 Fig.5 Distribution of correlation coefficients between the KVT and meridional wind anomaly fields: a: summer KVT and meridional wind anomaly in June; b: winter KVT and meridional wind anomaly in December of the previous year 6 (a) (b) a. 6 ; b. 12 Fig.6 Distributions of meridional wind anomalies in stronger KVT years (a: in June) and weaker KVT years (b: in December)
1146 45 ( ), ( 4m/s) ( 6a); 12, ( ), ( 3m/s) ( 6b),,,, ;,,,,, ( ),,,, (1982) (1992) 5.2 (2008), (PDO), PDO, PDO, (2 )PDO, 0.45, 5 0.75, 99% ; (3 )PDO 0.35, 5 0.56, 99% 7 (2 ) (3 )PDO 7a 3b, PDO, PDO ( 7b) ( 3c), PDO, 4 5 6 1956 2005 PN, NCEP,, 7 PDO ( ) (, 5 ) Fig.7 The inter-annual (solid line) and inter-decadal variations (bashed line) of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index in winter and summer, (1), 19 33Sv, 24.30Sv (25.91Sv) (24.27Sv),,, (2) 3 5 a, 2.7a 3.5a, 3a 5.1a, 6, 12 (3), 1976,,, PDO, PDO (4) 20 50, 1956 2005, 8.73Sv 9.86Sv 9.38Sv,,,
6 : 1147,, 1998.. :, 18 50,, 2002.., 18(4): 265 275,, 1998. 1992., 20(6): 1 11,, 1999. 1993 1994., 21(3): 15 29,, 2000. 1995., 22( ): 39 51,,, 1994.., 25(6): 643 651, 2008.. :, 42 45, 1981.., 1: 26 29,,, 2008.., 26(2): 126 134,,, 2004.., 26(1): 33 39,,, 1999.., 18(4): 575 583,, 1992.., 14(4): 124 127,,, 1996.., 27(3): 237 245, 1996.. :, 1 20, 1982.. (1980). :, 103 116, 1981. 東., 13(4): 264 270 Ichikawa H, Beardsley R C, 1993. Temporal and spatial variability of volume transport of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea. Deep-Sea Res I, 40(3): 583 605 Saiki M, 1982. Relation between the geostrophic flux of the Kuroshio in the eastern China Sea and its large meanders in south of Japan. Oceanogr Mag, 32(1 2): 11 18 Yuan Y, Pan Z, Kaneko A et al, 1994. Variability of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea and the currents east of the Ryukyu Islands. Proceedings of China-Japan JSCRK. Qingdao: China Ocean Press, 121 144 Zhang Q, Hou Y, Yan T, 2012. Interanuual and interdecadal variability in the Kuroshio heat transport in the East China Sea. Int J Climatol, 32(4): 481 488 THE INTER-ANNUAL AND INTER-DECADAL VARIABILITY OF THE KUROSHIO VOLUME TRANSPORT IN THE EAST CHINA SEA QI Ji-Feng 1, 2, 3, YIN Bao-Shu 1, 2, YANG De-Zhou 1, 2, XU Zhen-Hua 1, 2 (1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Qingdao 266071, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Chinese Academy of Science, Qingdao 266071, China; 3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China) Abstract Based on long-time temperature and salinity data of 1956 to 2005 along the PN section provided by Japan Meteorological Agency and the reanalysis wind data by National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), the inter-annual and inter-decadal variability characteristics of the Kuroshio volume transport (KVT) in the East China Sea are analyzed. In addition, the influences of the northwest Pacific wind and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) on the KVT are discussed. The results show that the frequency distribution of KVT is in nearly a normal distribution pattern in range of 19 33Sv. The multi-year seasonal average of the KVT through the PN section is 24.30Sv. All the seasonal mean, winter, and summer KVTs show significant inter-annual and inter-decadal variations. A linear long-term upward trend of the KVT in 1956 2005 was revealed during which the seasonal mean, winter, and summer volume transports increased by 8.72, 9.86, and 9.38Sv, respectively. Correlation and composite analysis showed that meridional wind anomalies over the source area of Kuroshio and the Kuroshio area in the East China Sea were responsible for the inter-annual variability in the KVT. Additionally, the inter-decadal variability of the KVT is closely associated with the PDO. Key words East China Sea; Kuroshio; meridional wind; inter-annual variation; interdecadal variation