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( ) 0 6 3,,,, (CIP ) / :,1999 12 ISBN 7 113 033040 F830 46 CI P ( 1999) 55907 : : : ( 100054, 8 ) : : : : : 850 mm1 168 mm 1/ 32 : 3 875 : 104 : 2000 2 1 2000 2 1 : 1 3 000 : ISBN 7113033040/ Z451 : 6 50,,

:,,,,??, ;, ;,,,,,,,

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

,,,,,,, 1 9 9 9 1

,,,?,, ;, ;,,, VISA, ; IC ;

IC IC, ; ; IC 200 300 ; ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

,ATM ( Au tomated Teller Machine),,,,,,,,,,,!,?,?,,,

,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,95 %,,,,,,,,, 10,

, 10,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

,,, 1999

MU LU 1 1 3 9 13 2 19 21 29 32 33 3 35 37 39 4 47 49 JCB 54 55

MU LU 5 59 61 62 6 71 73 75 80 82 7 87 ATM 89 POS 93 96 99 100 105

1

3,?,, ( ) ;,,, ( ) ;,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,

4,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,, ;, ; :,,,,,,,,,,,,!

5,,, :,,,, ;,,,,,, ( ),,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

6,,,,,,,, ( ),?,? ( ), ;,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,, ( ) ( ) ( ),,,,,,,

7,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,!,,,, ( ) ( ),,,,,,,,,, IC,,,,,,

8,, 19, 1915,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, ( ), 1946,,,, 1950,,,,,,,, 1952

9,,,, 1959 60, ( VISA International) ( Mater International) 1970,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

10,,, : :,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, 60,,,,,,,, ( EDI, Electric Data Interchange),,

11,,,,,,, ATM,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( Electronic Fund Transfer),,

12, ;,,, ( POS)(ATM),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,

13,, : ( ) (, Member s Store) ( ),,,, 24,, (ATM ),,,,,,,

14 : 1, ; 2, ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ( ) ; 6 ; 7 :, 500

15, 500, 500 4% ( ), 480,, 500,, 500,, :,, ; ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, ( ),

16, 24 ATM,,, ;,,,, ;, ;, ( ),,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, ;,,,,

17,,,,,,,,,,,

18

2

21,,,,,,,, ( Financial Transaction Card), FTC ( Magnetic Financial Transaction Card) ;,,,,,, IC,,,,,

22,,,,,,,,,,, 45%,,, :, ;,, IC ( TBS, ) I P ( ), IC, ( T & E Card),

23,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( Credit Card,, ) :,,,, ( Go now, pay later.),,

24, 5% 10% 15%,,, ( Revolving Credit), (),,,,,, (Debit Card,,,,,, ) :,,, ATM,,, () :,,,,,,,,, (, prepaid card) :,

25,,, ATM IC, (ATM ) :, ATM, 1970 1, 3, 226,,, ;,,,,,, 1,, 10, IC IC Integrated Circuit, ; Intelligent Card, ; Smart Card, ; Clip Card, 1 IC IC

26 1 IC : (1 ):, 100, CP U (2 ): IC, ( CPU ), (3 ):,, 2 IC, (1 ):,,, 10 (2 ), POS,, POS, IC,, IC, (3 ),,,, IC (4 ),,,,,,,, IC, IC,

27,,, 20% IC, 80% IC IC IC, IC, IC, IC 80 IC, IC,, IC,, IC,,,,,,,,, IC,,,,,,,

28 ( ),,,,, /,,,, (), ( ),, ( ) ( P remium Card, ),, ( ),,,

29,,, (),, 1 :,,, ( )70,,,,,,

30 2,, ( VISA, MASTER),,, : () ( ) ;,,, 3,, ATM

31 4,,, 1,,,, 2,,,

32 3 ; ; ;,, ( POS ATM ), : ( Personal Identification Number ),, ATM,,, IC,,,,,,, Internet( ),,,, ( E - business, Electronic Commerce),,,,,

33,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( World Av enue, ), 5 000,,,,,,,,,,, :, ; ; ;

34 ;,,,,,,

3

37,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,, IC,

38,,,,,,,, POS ATM,,,,,,,

39,, ATM,, :,!!, 50,,?,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,

40,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,! :,,,,!,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,

41,,,,,,,,!,,,,,,,! :, 20 10,, 2, 1 10,,

42,,,,,,,, ( 46 ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

43,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( Personal Bankruptcy),,,,

44,,,,,, ;,, ;,,,,,,,

45,,, ( ),,,,,,

46

4

49 60,, 70,, 20, 60% ( VISA International) 1959 (Bank Americard), 1966,, 1970,, 1977 ( VISA),, :, 200, 2, 1 300, 199 1987 1 600, 15 700 ; 1991 2 890, 28 100 ; 1996 10 000, 5, 20 600, ATM 29 000 ATM ; VISA 54%, 1979,

50 14, 180 7, 5, 24 62 173,,,,,,, 24, 1981 1987,, 1989, VISA ( Master Card International) 1969 4, 50 60, (Charge Card),,,,,, 1966 8 9

51 : ( Inter Bank Card Associa tion), (i),, 1969 4 30, Master Charge,, ( Master Charge), 10,,, Master Charge Master Card(),,,,, 1996, 3, 1 400, 3, 60, 5 500 ATM 31.6,, :, 1981 1987,, 1988, 1989,,

52, 1988, ( American Express Company, AMEX), 1850, 1947 1958 ( ), 1966, 1970, 1984,, 1987 Optima,,,,,,,,,, ( Travel and Entertainment Card),,,, 1996, 4 000, 350, 1 115,,,,

53 1981,,,, 1983,, 1987, 1950, 10 000, (Diners Club ),, 200, 3, 27 1951,, 100,, ( Diners Club Internation al)1982,,, :,, 40, 1991 700, 180 175 200,,,,,,,,,

54,,, 1983, 3, JCB JCB( JAPAN CREDIT BUREAU),, 1961,,,, JCB, 1982 JCB, 130 230, JCB, JCB JCB,, JCB 70 JCB 1 200, 400, 253, 2 310, 200 300 1982 3, JCB JCB

55,, JCB, 100 1991 6, JCB,,,,,,,,,,, 1978,,, 1985 1986

56, 1987, 1988 4,,, ( ),,,,,,,, 1988 6, 24,,, 200, 4 200, 17 1987 1989 10,,1990 1990 4 13, 1990 10 15, 1991 17,,,,, ;

57 18, 1989 10 1990 3, 1990 5, 1991 3,,, 1994 4, POS, 1990, 1991, ( ), 200 POS, 150,,, 1989 6 1992 11,,,

58

5

61,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (),,

62,,, ( ),,,,,,,, ATM, ( POS ), ATM ;, ;,,, ;,,,,,,

63,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ATM,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

64 1 ( ) (+ ) =, 3, 8%, 12 ( 12 ), 3 8%, 2 400,, 32 400, 12 () 2 700,, 2 700, 12,,,,,,,, 2, 3, 0.5%,, 3, 150, 2 650 ;, 2 7350 0.5%, 136.75, 2 636.75, 12, 974.25, 30 974.25, 3,,, 5 000, 2 000, 3 000,, 200, 200, 3 200 200, 3 400, 500, 2 900,, ( Minimum Payment ),

65, 500, 500, 500, 25, ( 5 % ), 475, 2%, 484.50 475 9.50,, 484.50 5%, 24.23, 460.27 2%,, 500,,,,,,,,, 15 5, 15 10, 30 15,,,, 5 1.5%, 18.25%,,,,

66,,,,,,,,???,,,,,,,, ()

67 ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,, (),,, (,

68 18 ) (),,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,, ;, 7 1,,

69, 45,,,,,,, ( ),,

70

6

73, ( ),,, ( ),,, 18, ( ) ; ( )

74,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : ( ),,,,,, ( ),

75,,,,,, :, 18,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

76,,,,,,, ;,, ( ),,,,,,,, 7 10,,,,,

77,,,,,,, ( ), A B C ( 1) 1 A B C, 1 000 500 1 000 500 100 50 100 50 : 1 6 000 1 6 000

78,, A, B, AB, AA AB BA, ; AC BB CA ; BC CB CC,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

79,,,,,,, 20, 60, 100, 120, 10,,, ( 1 000, 5 000 ) 20 000, 5 000,, 70, 80

80,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

81,, 2 000 3 000,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : ( ), ;,,, 15,,,,,,,,,,, :

82,,,,, 1 45, ; 2 45, ; 3,, 45 ; 4, 45 ; 5, 45 ; 6 () ; 7,,, (, Mr.,, Ms., ),,,

83,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,, ATM,,,,,,,, : 01/ 99, 1999 1 31, 2 1,,,

84,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ATM,,

85,, ; ;, BP,,,,,,, ;,,, :, ( ),, ;,,,,,,,,,,,!,,,,,

86,,,,,

7

89 ATM ATM(Automated Teller Machine),,, ATM 80,,,, ATM : ATM, C.D ( Cash Dispenser, ),, ATM ATM ( ), ( ),,, ATM ( ) ATM ATM

90,,,,,,,, 24 ATM ATM,, : ATM, ATM, ATM,,,,,, ATM,,,,,,,,, ATM

91, ATM,, ATM ATM,,, ATM,,,,,, (),,,,,, 100 % (,?),,, ATM,!,,,,, ATM, :, ATM,,,,,,,,,,,,

92,,,, (),,,,,, AT M, ATM,,, ATM, ATM,,, ( ), ATM,,, ATM,,,,,,,, (),, ATM,, 2,, ATM,

93,, (, ),,,,,,, ( ), :,,,!,,,, POS ATM POS,

94 POS POS( Point of Sales Terminal),,, POS,,,, ; POS,,, ( Electronic Fund Transfer Point of Sales System ),,, POS,, ( PIN PAD) POS POS (Off - line)( Online), POS,,,,, ;,,,, POS, POS,,, ( ) (

95 ),,,,,,,,01/ 99, 1999 1 31, 2 1,,,,,, ( ) POS, POS,,,,,

96 POS, Pin,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,

97 ( Merchant Floor Limit) ( Cash Floor Limit ),,, ( Authorization),,,,,, ( Credit Authorization Terminal),,,,

98,,,,,,,, POS POS, POS, 10 ;,, POS,,,, POS, 20,, 4 :, ; ; ( ) ;,,,,,,,

99 24,,, 24,, 24,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

100,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,

101,,, ;,,,,,, ATM POS,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,??, ( List of Invalid Card ),,, ATM

102,,,,, ATM,,, ATM ;,,,,, ( Off - line),,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,?,,,

103

104

107

108 1993 6,,,, 7, 9 10, 400, 3, 2,,,

109,, ;,,, ;, ;, ;,, ;, ;, ;, 12 12,,

110, 12 ATM/ POS,,,,,,