29 4 2008 1 3 (),, D - 06A /B, 0,, : ; ; ;, ;, 2 6 115, 2,,,,,,,, ;, 1 D - 06A /B, 20 70, 30%,,, 3,, 1957,, 200003
2 D - 04A /B D - 06A /B CO 2,,, ASME 2 : D - 06A /B D - 0 6A /B 1 1,, : (1), A, ; B ; (2),,, A A, ; (3) 552MPa, 1000,, n a + n b + n c + n d 1000, ( a),, ( ) n a ; ASME ( b) 20% - 2 AD - 160 ( ) n b ;, ( c) ( ) n c ; ( d), ASME - 2, ( 1-2 ) T > 0100034 ( ) n d A B A (, ), 20% 315 10 4, B ASME 2,, 1, 2 1 /MPa 2142 /MPa 0100 2106 / 35000 / 344 / < 344 /mm 650 /mm 14 /mm 1118 /mm 0 /% 100 /kg 2250 2 : SA 240 Type 304L : SA 312 Type 304L SA 182 Type F304L S /MPa 94146 E /GPa 17315 013 A 1000
29 4 2008 3, 2,,, : (1) ; ( ) (2) (3),, : (1) N1 N2 N4 ; (2) N3 N5 ; (3) ; (4), N1 N2 N3,, d /D < 015; N3 N4 d /D > 015, 3,, S alt, : (1) ; (2) ; (3) 311 N1 N2 N5,,,, ( ), N1 N2 N5,,,, ASME 2 4-6 416110 31111 n ; t ; r ; S ; P, P = 2106 MPa t t = 14 mm, t = 1118mm; D, D = 650 mm; d, d = 25mm; R ; R = 325mm, R = 585 mm D m D m = 664 mm D m = 2 019D + t = 2 019 + 650 + 1118 = 118118mm 31112 N1 N2 3 N1 N2 (MPa) PD m PD n = I n m 2 t t = I t 2 t r = I r = PD m S 2 t 151144-9177 - 211 161121 58162 48185 0 58162 48185-9177 - 211 58162 102159 127101 0 127101 : I n I t I r ASME - 2 4-612 ( b) 31113 N5
4 4 N5 (MPa) PD m PD n = I n m 2 t t = I t 2 t r = I r = PD m S 2 t 10312-10132 - 2108 113152 10312 10312 0 10312 : I n I t I r ASME - 2 4-612 ( a), 312 N3 N4, N3 N4,,,, N3 N4 3 (3) N4, 4 2 N3 31211, 4 N4 : (1) N3 31212 N3 5 N3 2,,,,, (2), 3, 5
29 4 2008 5 5 N3 (MPa) - 13155-11413 40143 10810 17116 14514-11153 - 97130 34142 91193 14611 12318 31214 N4 (1) N4, 3mm; 12mm 7,, 33714 MPa,, 5 N3 31213 6, 7 N4 ( ) (2) N4,, 3mm 8 mm; 12mm, 6, 6 6 (MPa) 23102 15180 55148 55163 15180 55148 19160 13145 47123 47134 13145 47123 8 N4 ( ) 8
6, 7 7 N4 (MPa) 15104 29516 10138 51633 12419 10138 12180 25116 81836 41795 10613 81836 4,,,, : (1) P m ks m ( K, S m ) ; 115kS m ; (2 ) P L (3) ( ) P L + P b 115 ks m ; 3 ks m ; (4) P L + P b + Q (5) P L + P b + Q + F S a (S a ),,, ASME - 2 AD - 160 ( ), (1) (4), (5) ; ASME - 2 AD - 160, (1) (4), (5),, ASME - 2 5,, (5) 411,,,,,, 315 10 4,,, ASME 2 AD P m ks m ;,,, 115 ks m, (1) (4), (5),,, P = 2106-0100 = 2106MPa, S a - N f n = 315 10 4,,,,,, N1 N5, N4, N4 412 N4 41211 S ; S alt ;
29 4 2008 7 S alt, S alt = S alt E ; E t E, E = 200 10 3 MPa; E t, E t = 17315 10 3 MPa; N 41212 (1) 1 ( t) = 12180 MPa, 2 ( t) = 25116 MPa, 3 ( t) = 8184MPa (2) S 12 ( t) = 1 ( t) - 2 ( t) = 12180-25116 = - 23818MPa S 23 ( t) = 2 ( t) - 3 ( t) = 25116-8184 = 24218 MPa S 31 ( t) = 3 ( t) - 1 ( t) = 8184-1218 = - 3196 MPa (3) S r12 = S 12 ( t) = 23818MPa S r23 = S 23 ( t) = 24218MPa S r31 = S 31 ( t) = 3. 96MPa (4) S alt = 1 2 S rij S alt12 = 11914 MPa, S a1t23 = 12114 MPa, S a1 t31 = 1198 MPa, S alt =max S alt12, S alt23, S alt31 = 121. 4MPa 41213 (1) S alr1 = S alt E E t = 139. 94MPa (2) ASME 2 5-1101212, 10 6, S a = 194MPa > S alt, N > 10 6 n = 35000,, 5 (1),,,, (2),, (3), A, ; B,, (4),, ( ),,,, (5),,,,,, (6),,
8,, (7) 100% ;,, N3 N4 8mm 12mm, N4 3mm 8mm (8),, ( a) :, ASME 2 4-613 ( d) ( e) ( f) ( g) ( h), ASME 2 AD - 410 A B ;, ; ( b) :, ;, ;, ;, ;, ;, ; [ 1 ] ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels, An Internationally Recog2 nized Code, Section, Rules for Construction of Pressure Ves2 sels, D ivision 2 - A lternative Rules, 2004 1 [ 2 ] JB4732-1995. - [ S ]. :, 1995. [ 3 ] JB4732-1995. [ S]. :, 1995. [ 4 ] 1 - ASME - 1-2 [M ]. :, 1995. [ 5 ] 1 - [M ] 1 :,, 1992. [ 6 ] 1[M ] 1 :, 1979. [ 7 ] 1 [M ] 1 :, 1980. ( : 2008206227) ( 11 ) 4 (1), (2),, (3),,,,,, (4), [ 1 ],,, 1 [M ] 1 :, 19841 [ 2 ],,, 110000m 3 [ J ] 1, 2007, 24 (4) : 38-441 [ 3 ] TSGR7001-20041 [ S] 1 :, 20041 [ 4 ] GB / T19624-2004, [ S ] 1 :, 20041 [ 5 ] 1 [M ] 1 :, 19951 ( 2007-12 - 20)