San Jose State University Department of Electrical Engineering ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SENIOR PROJECT Microwave Amplifier Design (part 3) by Steve Garcia Jaime Cordoba Inderpreet Obhi December 15, 2003
S22 Smith Chart: Output Match
S22 Magnitude
S22 Phase
S12 Magnitude: Isolation
S12 Phase
Power Sweep Test Setup The Network analyzer has a maximum power input of 23 dbm and our expected results were close to 30 dbm therefore attenuation had to be introduced into the output of amplifier Two 6 db attenuators were used for a total of 12 db of attenuation All other connections were same as frequency sweep
Power Sweep Test Setup 6 db Attenuators
P1dB Compression Point
Results Measured Parameters - S11: -9.2 db - S21: 15.1 db - S22: -2.8 db - S12: -26.56 db Simulated Parameters - S11: -10.3db - S21: 14.56 db - S22: -2.763 db - S12: -28.12 db Measured Phase - S11: -33.4 deg. - S21: -28.9 deg. - S22: -37.3 deg - S12: -35.3 deg. Simulated Phase - S11: -63.0 deg - S21: 65.0 deg - S22: -88.0 deg - S12: 26.0 deg P1 db Compression Point: Simulated: Input 13.5 dbm with Output 29.24 dbm Measured: Input 14.2 dbm with Output 29.2 dbm Third Order Intercept or IP3 TOI can be estimated at 10 db above P1dB This yields a TOI of approximately 39 dbm
Conclusion All measured results were very close the simulated results of our amplifier If time allowed, an accurate measurement of the TOI would have been conducted Overall, the project offered vast learning opportunity in the design and measurement of RF circuits.
Parts List: Quantity Description Value Price Product ID 8dB Gain @18Ghz 31.5dBm Output Donated 5 LP1500 Power (Filtronics) 10 RF Chokes (Panasonic) 1.0µH 20% $0.67 ea. PCD1478TR-ND 5 Inductors (Panasonic) 47nH 5% $0.93 ea. PCD1168CT-ND 5 Inductors (Panasonic) 56nH 5% $0.93 ea. PCD1169CT-ND 5 Inductors (Panasonic) 68nH 5% $0.93 ea. PCD1170CT-ND 5 Inductors (Toko) 1.5 ±0.2nH $0.98 ea. TKS2952CT-ND 5 Inductors (Toko) 1.8 ±0.2nH $0.98 ea. TKS2953CT-ND 5 Inductors (Toko) 2.2 ±0.2nH $0.98 ea. TKS2954CT-ND 10 DC Blocks (AVX) 1000pF ±5% $3.52 ea 478-1328-1-ND 10 Capacitors (AVX) 33pF ±5% $2.09 ea 478-1310-1-ND 10 Capacitors (AVX) 39pF ±5% $2.09 ea 478-1311-1-ND 10 Capacitors (AVX) 47pF ±5% $2.09 ea 478-1312-1-ND 10 Capacitors (AVX).5pF ±.25pF $2.31 ea 478-1291-1-ND 10 Capacitors (AVX) 1pF ±.25pF $2.31 ea 478-1292-1-ND 4 Resistors 22 Ohms $1.75 ea 1 0-080 tap $15.00 ea. 1 3/64" Drill $2.00 ea. 2 Aluminum Blocks Donated 1 Rogers 4003 Substrate Donated Equipment List: 1 HP Network Analyser 8753A- 300KHz- 3.0 Ghz 1 HP 86290B RF Plug In- 2.0-18.6 GHz 1 HP 85042A- S-parameter Test Set- 300KHz- 6GHz 1 Tecktronix CPS250 Triplle Output Power Supply 1 Software- Microwave Office
Timeline: Research February April May August September October Nov Dec Commercial device specs. Existing designs Identify design parameters Prelimanary parts list Assembly methods Sign Contract Submit Proposal Report Report Assigned Resposiblities Circuit Design Phase/ Simulation Obtaining Device models Designs Circuit in ADS Simulations Matching Circuit Design Fabrication Component shopping Ordering Build Circuit Testing Final Report Written Verbal presentation
Budget: The ever growing communications industry has put a high demand on efficient and affordable RF amplification circuits. Amplification products in the 2.4 GHz operating range can be very expensive. Research has found a wide range of RF amplifier prices that can get as high $700.00. As is obvious the use of RF amplifiers can make a product quite expensive. Table 1 shows a comparison of some commercial RF amplifiers that are similar to our amplifier. Model Frequency Maximum Output Power Gain Impedance Price 2400DX, RF linx 2.4GHz 100mW to 1 watt 17 db Max 50 ohm $699 HFA3424 Harris semiconductor 2.4 to 2.5 GHz 1.3 watts 14db 50 ohm $400 Our RF power amplifier. 2.4 GHZ 1 watt 10-12db 50 ohm < $ 250 From the beginning our goal was to design an RF amplifier much cheaper in price, and our goal was met. Our team spent around $75 in parts. The LP1500, which costs about $25, and the substrate and milling process were donated by our sponsors. But in reality if we were to fabricate our amplifier without any sponsors, our fabrication costs would have been around $300. Compared to the amplifiers above, our amplifier still has a cheaper price tag, and mass production of our amplifier will reduce our costs even more. So we can say that the use of this amplifier in a particular circuit reduces a company s production cost substantially. This ultimately results a product that is affordable to a larger group of consumers. The extremely competitive price makes this RF amplifier much more desirable to the communications industry.
References Vendelin, George. Anthony, Pavio (1992). Circuit Design Using Linear and Nonlinear Techniques. John Wiley and Sons Inc Gonzalez, Guillermo. Microwave Transistor Amplifier: Analysis and Design, Prentice Hall, 1984. Pozar, David M. Microwave Engineering, 2nd Edition, John Wiley 1998. Saad, Theodore (1974). Microwave Engineer's Handbook (Vol. 2). Artech House Rogers Corporation (2003). Advance Circuit Materials. Retrieved on 10/05/03 from http://www.rogerscorporation.com/mwu/pdf/ro4000ds_4.pdf Filtronic Semiconductors. Semiconductor products. Retrieved on 9/25/03 from http://www.filss.com/semiconductor/fet/fcat/lp1500.pdf
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