OPT-243

urse Number OPT-240

SDH DWDM CWDM

: :

UV IR 125 GHz/nm l (UV) (IR) 850 nm 850, 1310, 1550 nm 980, 1480, 1625 nm 980 nm 1310 nm 1480 nm 1550 nm C=ƒ x λ 1625 nm Wavelength: λ (nanometers) Frequency: ƒ (terahertz)

n 2 n 2 ( ) n 1 n 1

550nm 30 Dispersion(ps/n m) 20 10 0-10 1300nm 1550nm window (db/km) -20-30 1250 1350 1450 1550 1650 Wavelength(nm) 1550nm WDM

Oops! Dispersion(ps/n m) 30 20 10 0-10 -20-30 S C L 1250 1350 1450 1550 1650 Wavelength(nm) SMF DSF: 1550nm FWM

20 S- C- L- Dispersion (ps/nm) 16 12 8 4 0-4 1510 1530 1550 1570 1590 1610 Wavelength (nm) L- L DWDM

ucent TrueWave Classic 20 S- C- L- Dispersion (ps/nm) 16 12 8 4 0 D(1550nm) ~ 2 ps/nm*km -4 1510 1530 1550 1570 1590 1610 Wavelength (nm) FWM

ucent TrueWave - RS Dispersion (ps/nm) 20 16 12 8 4 0 S- C- L- D(1530-1565nm) = 2.6 6.0 ps/nm*km D(1565 1600nm) = 4.0-8.6 ps/nm*km D = 0.045 ps/nm 2 km -4 1510 1530 1550 1570 1590 1610 A eff = 55 um 2 Wavelength (nm) 2ps 4ps/nm*km

orning E-Leaf Dispersion (ps/nm) S- C- L- 20 16 12 8 4 0-4 1510 1530 1550 1570 1590 1610 D(1530-1565nm) = 2.5-6 ps/nm*km D ~ 0.083 ps/nm 2 km A eff = 75 um 2 Wavelength (nm) 4 ps/nm*km

(db/km) 1310 nm 0.40 db/km 1550 nm 0.25 db/km OH 1400 nm 1310 Window EDFA 1550nm 1550 Window

P in G P out = GP in 1550 nm 4 THz

EDFA 1550-nm (C ) 1530 nm 1560 nm (IR or L ) 1575 nm 1605 nm OA / 25 THz 4 THz OA

(EDFA) (10-50m) 980nm

DWDM 3 4 DWDM 1 2 N7 1 2 3 4 N7 drop-andcontinue 2 OADM 1 3 4 N7 1 2 3 4 N7

ITU l 1530.33 nm 0.20 nm 1553.86 nm ITU-T λ 191.7 THz + 100 GHz DWDM DWDM

OC-12/STM4 4 OC-3/STM1 OC-48/STM16 16 OC-3/STM1 OC-192/STM64 64 OC-3/STM1 OC-768/STM256 256 OC-3/STM1 768/STM256 1 n 4 16 24 40 64 128 200 l1 l2 ln ( ) ( )

SDH DWDM CWDM

SDH SDH SDH (NE or ) ( ) SDH Blue Facility Dropped Orange Facility Added

SDH STM STM-0 51.84 Mb/s 21 E1s or 21 VC12s STM-1 STM-4 STM-16 STM-64 155.52 Mb/s 622.08 Mb/s 2488.32 Mb/s 9953.28 Mb/s 63 VC12s or 63 E1s or 4 E3s 252 E1s or 16 E3s 1008 E1s or 48 E3s 4032 E1s or 192 E3s SONET ANSI ( ) SDH ITU

STM-1 9 Bytes 261 Bytes = 125 µs 2 : = 2,349 Bytes (261 ) 270 x 9 x 8 19,440 x 8,000 155,520,000 9 3 5 RSOH AU-n MSOH STM-1 Payload 125 #. 155.52 Mbps

STM-1 STM-N STM-1, 4, 16 x3 AUG AU-3 AU-4 VC-3 VC-4 x7 TUG-2 x7 x3 TUG-3 x3 TU-12 TU-3 VC-12 VC-3 E1 E3

PTE (ADM, DSLAM,... MSTE REG REG STM-1 STM-n STM-1 MSTE PTE (ADM, DSLAM,... (E1, E3..) (E1, E3..)

SDH SDH (SNCP) (MS-SPRing)

VC-12/3/4 E W E W STM-n 1+1 STM-n STMn 1:1 STM-n W E W E VC-12/3/4

RX Selector XCVR (w) RX STM-n TX XCVR (w) RX Selector TX RX TX TX STM-n K1,K2 RX TX mp XCVR (p) RX K1 K2 TX XCVR (p) mp K1 K2 K1 K2 SDH SDH

RSOH AU-n STM-1 Payload K1 K2 Conditions resulting in a protection switch Loss of signal Loss of frame Line AIS (all 1 s) Signal Degrade MSOH

STM-1 Organization STM Payload RSOH AU-n VC Path Overhead MSOH STM Path Overhead VC Payload

1:n : : K1 K2 : 1:n 1+1 : : :

1+1 ADM ADM

1:n 1:1 (1:n ) ADM ADM

1:n 1:n ADM ADM

VC-12/3/4 VC-12/3/4 E W E W 1+1 STM-n 1+1 STM-n STM-n STM-n W E W E VC-12/3/4 VC-12/3/4

E W E W E W STM-N STMn STM-n 1+1 STM-n 1+1 STM-n 1+1 STM- W E W E W E

E W E W 1+1 1+1 STM-n STM-N STM-n STM-N W E W E

E W E W STM- N 1+1 STM-n STMn 1+1 STM-N W E W E

SNCP

SNCP SNCP SNCP AIS

NCP (1+1)

NCP SNCP

/ SNCP Vc-12/3/4 No. 1 N VC-12/3/4 No. 1 N STM-N ADM VC-12/3/4 No. 1 N VC-12/3/4 No. 1 N

ADM SNCP SDH SNCP ADM STM-N STM-N VC-12/3/4 STM- N :

SNCP A F B E C D A-C A-C C

SNCP A F B E C D ( )

SNCP POP ( 10 ) SLA ( ) 16

SNCP ( ) VC

MS-SPRing

MS-SPRing MS-SPRing MS-SPRing MS-SPRing

S-SPRing(MS Shared Protection Ring)

S-SPRing(MS Shared Protection Ring) (K1, K2).

MS-SPRing STM-16 = 16 x STM-1 STM-1 #1-8, STM-1 #9-16

2 STM1 #1 N/2 STM1 #(N/2+1) N STM1 # 1 N/2 STM1 #(N/2+1) N STM-1 # 1 N/2 STM-1 #(N/2+1) N STM-1 # 1-N/2 STM-1 #(N/2+1) N N STM-1

STM-16 MS-SPRing STM-16 2F MS-SPRing STM-1 #1-8 Rx STM-1 #9-16 STM-1 #1-8 Tx STM-1 #9-16 STM-1 #1-8 Tx STM-1 #9-16 STM-1 #1-8 Rx STM-1 #9-16 N STM-1

S-SPRing F-A A A-B F A-F B-A B E-F E F-E E-D D-C C-B C B-C STM-1 D-E D C-D =.5.5 ( ) x

S-SPRing A F B E C D MS-SPRing

S-SPRing A STM-1#4 F STM-1#4 B E C D A-C C-A A B

S-SPRing STM-1#10 STM-1#4 A F STM-1#4 STM-1#10 B STM-1#10 STM-1#4 STM-1#4 STM-1#10 E C D

2-4- MS-SPRing 2- MS-SPRing 4- MS-SPRing (PCA) 4F- MS-SPRing 4F- MS-SPRing 2-4- MS-SPRing 2 2- MS-SPRing

4F MS-SPRing SPRing 2F MS-SPRing SPRing 4F MS-SPRing 2F MS-SPRing 4F MS-SPRing PCA ( ) 2F MS-SPRing 4F MS-SPRing 4- MS-SPRing ( ) 2-

MS-SPRing MS-SPRing

MS-SPRing - (10 50 ) SNCP SLA 16

PPMN)

-

PPMN - (PPMN) PPMN PPMN

SDH DWDM CWDM

WDM? WDM : H SDH

WDM DWDM: ; 16 200 200Ghz 12.5Ghz ( ITU-T - ITU Grid ) CWDM: (4 8 ) WDM S C L ; ( ITU Grid) WWDM: WWDM IEEE P802.3ae 10Gb/s

1 3 3 OEO OEO Mux/DeMux EDFA WDM 850nm OEO 1310nm

SDH DWDM CWDM

DWDM TDM DWDM, DWDM DWDM TDM TDM

WDM ITU-T LTE LTE LTE OEO DWDM Mux OA OADM OA DWDM Demux LTE LTE OEO LTE OA LTE DWDM DWDM

ITU-T LTE LTE LTE OEO DWDM Mux OA OADM OA DWDM Demux LTE LTE OEO LTE OA LTE

ITU l1 OEO LTE OEO l2 DWDM OEO ln IR/SR

2R 3R ( ) 1310 SR 15xx LR SONET/SDH SR RCVR DWDM SONET 3R LR-2 XMTR PM SR-1 XMTR DWDM SONET 3R LR RCVR PM

Dl Dl Dl Dl Dl l1 l2 l3 l4 l5-200ghz (1.6nm) - 100Ghz (0.8nm) - 50Ghz (0.4nm) - 25Ghz (0.2nm) - 12.5Ghz (0.1nm) ITU-T 191.7 THz + 100 GHz ITU-T l DWDM

DWDM 1 2 3 Multiplexer DWDM Mux 1, 2, 3, 4 4 DWDM ( )

DWDM 1 1, 2, 3, 4 DWDM Demux 2 3 DWDM 4

: ASE) OA : (C ) 1530 nm 1560 nm (L ) 1575 nm 1605 nm ( 980 nm 1480 nm)

OA 25 THz 4 THz OA OA 1550 OA

: 1) OA 2)

/ 1 : +XdBm 2 : (X-3) dbm 3dB ( ) 4 : (X-6) dbm

(OADM) OADM DWDM /

WDM LTE OEO LTE LTE LTE OEO OEO DWDM Mux IR/SR OA OADM LTE OA OA DWDM Demux LTE LTE

SDH DWDM CWDM

CWDM? CWDM : : 1550nm 20nm DWDM 0.4nm

DWDM CWDM DWDM 0.2nm 1.6nm CWDM 20nm 16 128 32 (GBICS)

CWDM Gbic CWDM Gbic MUX-AD-1470 MUX-AD-1490 MUX-AD-1510 CWDM MUX-8 MUX-AD-1530 MUX-8 GBic MUX-AD-1550 GBic MUX-AD-1610 MUX-AD-1590 MUX-AD-1570 20nm DWDM 30dB ( ~30 )

1 Lambda 2 OADM CWDM-MUX-AD-XXXX Add (db) 1.90 1.20 >25 Drop 2.30 1.60 >50 Pass 2.00 1.50 >28 CWDM Gbic XXXX XXXX LAMBDA XXXX OADM CWDM Gbic XXXX XXXX XXXX = 1470, 1490, 1510, 1530, 1550, 1570, 1590, 1610 CWDM Gbic CWDM Gbic Gbic ( SX LX ZX Gbic)

4 Lambda 4 OADM CWDM-MUX-4 CWDM Gbic 1510 CWDM Gbic 1590 CWDM Gbic 1470 CWDM Gbic 1550 1470 1510 1550 1590 CWDM Gbic Gbic OADM

SDH DWDM CWDM

: : BER) : BER = OA

: ( ) BER OA + + + <

(db/km): Loss db/km =10log(P out /P in )/L *L= 1: 100 P in =10 W and P out =9 W. db/km OA : Loss db =10log(9/ 10)=-0.458dB Loss db/km =-0.458dB/0.1Km= -4.58 db/km

( ) 2: 10 2.5 db/km 400mW ( ) : : Loss db =10log(P out /P in ) : Loss db / 10 = 10log(P out /P in ) OA 10 Lossdb / 10 = P out /P in P out =P in * 10 Lossdb / 10 =(400mW)*10 =1.265mW 10Km*(-2.5db/Km) / 10

dbm dbm 1mW Power dbm =10log(P mw /1mW) dbm 3: 3 2mW 2 db/km 10-13 BER 6dBm (0.25 mw) BER : dbm = 10log(2mW/1mW)=3dBm; db = 3Km * 2 db/km = 6dB = 3dBm (-6dBm) = 9dBm : db <! OA

: 0.1 db, 1db :.5 1 db 2 : 2dB 2 OA

B (L D /20 c)1/2 < 10 B (Gbps) (nm) D (ps/nm-km) c (m/s) L OA (km), e 2 db 0.491

L = in P out S G = D = P noise (D) SNR SNR

SMF-28 1310 nm TDM 1550 nm TDM 1550 nm WDM DSF 1550 nm TDM 1550 nm WDM NZ-DSF 1550 nm TDM DWDM

SBS/SRS DSF CPM/FWM/SBS/SRS DWDM DWDM DWDM CPM FWM OA OSNR

SDH DWDM CWDM

SONET ADM SONET ADM SONET/SDH SONET ADM SONET ADM

(RPR) (DPT) IP SONET/SDH (IPS) (< 50 ) RPR/DPT SRP (

(RPR) (DPT) IP IP

CWDM GigE Hub-Spoken LAN 1 LAN 2 LAN 3 LAN 4 Etherchannel 802.1Q 1 East Pointing GBic West Pointing GBic LAN 5 LAN 6 LAN 7 LAN 8 LAN 9 LAN 10 LAN 11 LAN 12 2 3 CPE L2 8 Lambdas 1-4 or 1-8 root LAN 13 LAN 14 LAN 15 LAN 16 4 OAD-M & / ingress policing egress policing 802.1Q QoS SP VLAN Etherchannel 3 IP EoMPLS

CWDM 1 4 8 λ P2P 1 Lambda 1 CWDM-GBIC-XXXX MUX-4 4 Lambda 4 1 RU MUX-4 MUX-8 8 Lambda 8 MUX-8

CWDM 1 4 8 λ 1 Lambda 2 CWDM-GBIC-XXXX ( 2 ) MUX-4 4 Lambda 8 1 RU MUX-4 MUX-4 MUX-4 MUX-8 8 Lambda 16 MUX-8 MUX-8 MUX-8

CWDM 4 λ MUX-AD-1470 MUX-4 MUX-4 MUX-AD-1510 MUX-AD-1550 MUX-AD-1590

CWDM 8 4x1 1x4 λ Hub Ring MUX-AD-1490 MUX-AD-1530 MUX-8 Pass MUX-4 MUX-8 Pass MUX-4 MUX-AD-1610 MUX-AD-1570

SDH

SDH

SDH

ITU G.655 ITU G.671 ITU G.681

/RPR IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3ah 1 (EFM) IEEE 802.17 (RPR)