Microsoft Word - LS2022A_datasheet.doc

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1 Product name Description Version LS2022A Stand-alone GPS smart antenna module/ss4,4800bps 1.0 Datasheet of stand-alone GPS smart antenna module, LS2022A 1 Introduction LS2022A is a complete stand-alone GPS smart antenna module, including embedded patch antenna and GPS receiver circuits. The module is powered by SiRF Star IV, it can provide you with superior sensitivity and performance even in urban canyon and dense foliage environment. With SiRF CGEE (Client Generated Extended Ephemeris) technology, it reliably predicts satellite positions for 3 days that are stored in the on-board EEPROM and delivers CGEE-start time of less than 15 seconds under most conditions, without any network assistance. 2 Features SiRF Star IV high sensitivity solution Support 48-channel GPS Fast TTFF at low signal level Built-in active jammer remover to track up to 8 CW jammers Embedded free CGEE technology to get faster location fix Capable of SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN) (supported in the future) Micro Power Mode (supported in the future) 3 Application GPS tracker Digital cameras and digital video recorder with GPS function Mobile internet device with GPS function Page 1/22

2 Fig 3-1 System block diagram of LS2022A VCC GND TX RX ON_OFF WAKEUP Fig 3-2 Typical application circuit Page 2/22

3 Fig 3-3 Use level shifters for a micro processor of 3.3V IO voltage to communicate with LS2022A. Note: The signals of TX, RX, ON_OFF and WAKEUP must be taken carefully in order not to radiate interference. It is better to add beads or low-pass filters on these signals Page 3/22

4 4 GPS receiver and antenna 4.1 GPS receiver Chip SiRF Star IV, GSD4e-9302 Frequency Channels Update rate L MHz, C/A code Support 48 channels 1Hz Acquisition Time Position Accuracy Datum Max. Altitude Max. Velocity Hot start (Open Sky) Cold Start (Open Sky) Autonomous SBAS WGS-84 (default) < 18,000 m < 515 m/s < 1s 32s (typical) < 15s (typical), CGEE-start 3m (2D RMS) 2.5m (depends on accuracy of correction data) 4800 bps (1), 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bits (default) Protocol NMEA 0183 ver 3.0 1Hz: GGA, GSA, RMC 0.2Hz: GSV Note 1: Both baud rate and output message rate are configurable by software command. 4.2 GPS antenna Antenna type Patch antenna Polarization RHCP Frequency Range MHz ± 1.023MHz (1) Gain -5 dbic (1) Axial ratio Max (1) Note 1: This value is measured with the evaluation board and must be retuned when installed into your device Page 4/22

5 Fig 4-1 LS2022A is installed on the evaluation board and tested in the open-sky field. Fig 4-2 GPS receiving performance of LS2022A as Fig Page 5/22

6 5 Software interface 5.1 NMEA output message Table NMEA output message NMEA record GGA GLL GSA GSV RMC VTG Description Global positioning system fixed data Geographic position - latitude/longitude GNSS DOP and active satellites GNSS satellites in view Recommended minimum specific GNSS data Course over ground and ground speed GGA--- Global Positioning System Fixed Data Table contains the values for the following example: $GPGGA, , ,N, ,E,1,08,1.1,63.8,M,15.2,M,,0000*64 Table5.1-2 GGA Data Format Message ID $GPGGA GGA protocol header UTC Time hhmmss.sss Latitude ddmm.mmmm N/S indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude dddmm.mmmm E/W Indicator E E=east or W=west Position Fix Indicator 1 See Table Satellites Used 08 Range 0 to 12 HDOP 1.1 Horizontal Dilution of Precision MSL Altitude 63.8 mters Units M mters Geoid Separation 15.2 mters Units M mters Age of Diff. Corr. second Null fields when DGPS is not used Diff. Ref. Station ID 0000 Checksum *64 <CR> <LF> Table Position Fix Indicators Value Description 0 Fix not available or invalid Page 6/22

7 1 GPS SPS Mode, fix valid 2 Differential GPS, SPS Mode, fix valid 3-5 Not supported 6 Dead Reckoning Mode, fix valid GLL--- Geographic Position Latitude/Longitude Table contains the values for the following example: $GPGLL, ,N, ,E, ,A,A*52 Table GLL Data Format Message ID $GPGLL GLL protocol header Latitude ddmm.mmmm N/S indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude dddmm.mmmm E/W indicator E E=east or W=west UTC Time hhmmss.sss Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid Mode A A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR Checksum *52 <CR> <LF> GSA---GNSS DOP and Active Satellites Table contains the values for the following example: $GPGSA,A,3,24,07,17,11,28,08,20,04,,,,,2.0,1.1,1.7*35 Table GSA Data Format Message ID $GPGSA GSA protocol header Mode 1 A See Table Mode 2 3 See Table ID of satellite used 24 Sv on Channel 1 ID of satellite used 07 Sv on Channel 2.. ID of satellite used Sv on Channel 12 PDOP 2.0 Position Dilution of Precision HDOP 1.1 Horizontal Dilution of Precision VDOP 1.7 Vertical Dilution of Precision Checksum * Page 7/22

8 <CR> <LF> Table Mode 1 Value M A Description Manual- forced to operate in 2D or 3D mode Automatic-allowed to automatically switch 2D/3D Table Mode 2 Value Description 1 Fix not available 2 2D 3 3D GSV---GNSS Satellites in View Table contains the values for the following example: $GPGSV,3,1,12,28,81,285,42,24,67,302,46,31,54,354,,20,51,077,46*73 $GPGSV,3,2,12,17,41,328,45,07,32,315,45,04,31,250,40,11,25,046,41*75 $GPGSV,3,3,12,08,22,214,38,27,08,190,16,19,05,092,33,23,04,127,*7B Table GSV Data Format Message ID $GPGSV GSV protocol header Total number of messages 1 3 Range 1 to 3 Message number 1 1 Range 1 to 3 Satellites in view 12 Satellite ID 28 Channel 1 (Range 01 to 32) Elevation 81 degrees Channel 1 (Range 00 to 90) Azimuth 285 degrees Channel 1 (Range 000 to 359) SNR (C/No) 42 db-hz Channel 1 (Range 00 to 99, null when not tracking) Satellite ID 20 Channel 4 (Range 01 to 32) Elevation 51 degrees Channel 4 (Range 00 to 90) Azimuth 077 degrees Channel 4 (Range 000 to 359) SNR (C/No) 46 db-hz Channel 4 (Range 00 to 99, null when not tracking) Checksum *73 <CR> <LF> 1. Depending on the number of satellites tracked multiple messages of GSV data may be required. RMC---Recommended Minimum Specific GNSS Data Table contains the values for the following example: $GPRMC, ,A, ,N, ,E,2.69,79.65,100106,,,A* Page 8/22

9 Table RMC Data Format Message ID $GPRMC RMC protocol header UTC Time hhmmss.sss Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid Latitude ddmm.mmmm N/S Indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude dddmm.mmmm E/W Indicator E E=east or W=west Speed over ground 2.69 knots True Course over ground degrees Date ddmmyy Magnetic variation Variation sense degrees E=east or W=west (Not shown) Mode A A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR Checksum *53 <CR> <LF> VTG---Course Over Ground and Ground Speed Table contains the values for the following example: $GPVTG,79.65,T,,M,2.69,N,5.0,K,A*38 Table VTG Data Format Message ID $GPVTG VTG protocol header Course over ground degrees Measured heading Reference T True Course over ground degrees Measured heading Reference M Magnetic Speed over ground 2.69 knots Measured speed Units N Knots Speed over ground 5.0 km/hr Measured speed Units K Kilometer per hour Mode A A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR Checksum *38 <CR> <LF> 5.2 Proprietary NMEA input message Page 9/22

10 Table Message Parameters Start Sequence Payload Checksum End Sequence $PSRF<MID> 1 Data 2 *CKSUM 3 <CR><LF> 4 1. Message Identifier consisting of three numeric characters. Input messages begin at MID Message specific data. Refer to a specific message section for <data> <data> definition. 3. CKSUM is a two-hex character checksum as defined in the NMEA specification, NMEA-0183Standard For Interfacing Marine Electronic Devices. Use of checksums is required on all input messages. 4. Each message is terminated using Carriage Return (CR) Line Feed (LF) which is \r\n which is hex 0D0A. Because \r\n are not printable ASCII characters, they are omitted from the example strings, but must be sent to terminate the message and cause the receiver to process that input message. Note: All fields in all proprietary NMEA messages are required, none are optional. All NMEA messages are comma delimited. Table Proprietary NMEA input messages Message MID 1 Description SetSerialPort 100 Set PORT A parameters and protocol NavigationInitialization 101 Parameters required for start using X/Y/Z 2 SetDGPSPort 102 Set PORT B parameters for DGPS input Query/Rate Control 103 Query standard NMEA message and/or set output rate LLANavigationInitialization 104 Parameters required for start using Lat/Lon/Alt 3 Development Data On/Off 105 Development Data messages On/Off Select Datum 106 Selection of datum to be used for coordinate transformations 1. Message Identification (MID). 2. Input coordinates must be WGS Input coordinates must be WGS SetSerialPort This command message is used to set the protocol (SiRF binary or NMEA) and/or the communication parameters (Baud, data bits, stop bits, and parity). Generally, this command is used to switch the module back to SiRF binary protocol mode where a more extensive command message set is available. When a valid message is received, the parameters are stored in battery-backed SRAM and the Evaluation Receiver restarts using the saved parameters. Table contains the input values for the following example: Switch to SiRF binary protocol at 9600,8,N,1 $PSRF100,0,9600,8,1,0*0C Table Set Serial Port Data Format Message ID $PSRF100 PSRF100 protocol header Page 10/22

11 Protocol 0 0=SiRF binary, 1=NMEA Baud ,9600,19200,38400,57600, DataBits 8 8,7 1 StopBits 1 0,1 Parity 0 0=None, 1=Odd, 2=Even Checksum *0C <CR><LF> 1. SiRF protocol is only valid for 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity NavigationInitialization This command is used to initialize the Evaluation Receiver by providing current position (in X, Y, Z coordinates), clock offset, and time. This enables the Evaluation Receiver to search for the correct satellite signals at the correct signal parameters. Correct initialization parameters enable the Evaluation Receiver to acquire signals quickly. Table contains the input values for the following example: Start using known position and time $PSRF101, , , ,96000,497260,921,12,3*1C Table Navigation Initialization Data Format Message ID $PSRF101 PSRF101 protocol header ECEF X meters X coordinate position ECEF Y meters Y coordinate position ECEF Z meters Z coordinate position ClkOffset Hz Clock Offset of the Evaluation Receiver 1 TimeOfWeek seconds GPS Time Of Week WeekNo 921 GPS Week Number ChannelCount 12 Range 1 to 12 ResetCfg 3 See Table Checksum *1C <CR><LF> 1. Use 0 for last saved value if available. If this is unavailable, a default value of is used. Table Reset Configuration Hex Description 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 Hot Start All data valid Warm Start Ephemeris cleared Warm Start (with Init) Ephemeris cleared, initialization data loaded Cold Start Clears all data in memory Page 11/22

12 0x08 Clear Memory Clears all data in memory and resets the receiver back to factory defaults SetDGPSPort This command is used to control the serial port used to receive RTCM differential corrections. Differential receivers may output corrections using different communication parameters. If a DGPS receiver is used that has different communication parameters, use this command to allow the receiver to correctly decode the data. When a valid message is received, the parameters are stored in battery-backed SRAM and the receiver restarts using the saved parameters. Table contains the input values for the following example: Set DGPS Port to be 9600,8,N,1. $PSRF102,9600,8,1,0*12 Table Set GPS Port Data Format Message ID $PSRF102 PSRF102 protocol header Baud ,9600,19200,38400 DataBits 8 8,7 StopBits 1 0,1 Parity 0 0=None, 1=Odd, 2=Even Checksum *12 <CR><LF> Note: RTCM is not supported Query/Rate Control This command is used to control the output of standard NMEA messages GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC, and VTG. Using this command message, standard NMEA messages may be polled once, or setup for periodic output. Checksums may also be enabled or disabled depending on the needs of the receiving program. NMEA message settings are saved in battery-backed memory for each entry when the message is accepted. Table contains the input values for the following example: 1. Query the GGA message with checksum enabled $PSRF103,00,01,00,01*25 2. Enable VTG message for a 1 Hz constant output with checksum enabled $PSRF103,05,00,01,01*20 3. Disable VTG message $PSRF103,05,00,00,01*21 Table Query/Rate Control Data Format (See example 1) Message ID $PSRF103 PSRF103 protocol header Msg 00 See Table Page 12/22

13 Mode 01 0=SetRate, 1=Query Rate 00 seconds Output off=0, max=255 CksumEnable 01 0=Disable Checksum, 1=Enable Checksum Checksum *25 <CR><LF> Table Messages Value Description 0 GGA 1 GLL 2 GSA 3 GSV 4 RMC 5 VTG 6 MSS (If internal beacon is supported) 7 Not defined 8 ZDA (if 1PPS output is supported) 9 Not defined LLANavigationInitialization This command is used to initialize the Evaluation Receiver by providing current position (in latitude, longitude, and altitude coordinates), clock offset, and time. This enables the receiver to search for the correct satellite signals at the correct signal parameters. Correct initialization parameters enable the receiver to acquire signals quickly. Table contains the input values for the following example: Start using known position and time. $PSRF104, , ,0,96000,237759,1946,12,1*07 Table LLA Navigation Initialization Data Format Message ID $PSRF104 PSRF104 protocol header Lat degrees Latitude position (Range 90 to 90) Lon degrees Longitude position (Range 180 to 180) Alt 0 meters Altitude position ClkOffset Hz Clock Offset of the Evaluation Receiver 1 TimeOfWeek seconds GPS Time Of Week WeekNo 1946 Extended GPS Week Number (1024 added) ChannelCount 12 Range 1 to 12 ResetCfg 1 See Table Page 13/22

14 Checksum *07 <CR><LF> 1. Use 0 for last saved value if available. If this is unavailable, a default value of is used. Table Messages Hex 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x08 Description Hot Start All data valid Warm Start Ephemeris cleared Warm Start (with Init) Ephemeris cleared, initialization data loaded Cold Start Clears all data in memory Clear Memory Clears all data in memory and resets receiver back to factory defaults Development Data On/Off Use this command to enable development data information if you are having trouble getting commands accepted. Invalid commands generate debug information that enables you to determine the source of the command rejection. Common reasons for input command rejection are invalid checksum or parameter out of specified range. Table contains the input values for the following example: 1. Debug On $PSRF105,1*3E 2. Debug Off $PSRF105,0*3F Table Development Data On/Off Data Format Message ID $PSRF105 PSRF105 protocol header Debug 1 0=Off, 1=On Checksum *3E <CR><LF> Select Datum $PSGPS receivers perform initial position and velocity calculations using an earth-centered earth-fixed (ECEF) coordinate system. Results may be converted to an earth model (geoid) defined by the selected datum. The default datum is WGS 84 (World Geodetic System 1984) which provides a worldwide common grid system that may be translated into local coordinate systems or map datums. (Local map datums are a best fit to the local shape of the earth and not valid worldwide.) Table contains the input values for the following example: Datum select TOKYO_MEAN Page 14/22

15 $PSRF106,178*32 Table Development Data On/Off Data Format Message ID $PSRF106 PSRF106 protocol header Datum =WGS84 178=TOKYO_MEAN 179=TOKYO_JAPAN 180=TOKYO_KOREA 181=TOKYO_OKINAWA Checksum *32 <CR><LF> System Turn Off This message requests that the GPS receiver perform an orderly shutdown and switch to hibernate mode. Table contains the values for the following example: $PSRF117,16*0B Table System Turn Off Message ID $PSRF117 PSRF117 protocol header Sub ID 16 16: System turn off Checksum *0B <CR><LF> Page 15/22

16 5.3 Supply voltage control and sequencing Initial power up When power is first applied, the module goes into a low-power mode while RTC starts. The host is not required to control /RESET pin (pin 8 of GPS module) since the module s internal reset circuitry handles detection of application of power. After that, the module is in ready-to-start state and awaits an ON_OFF input pulse to start. Since RTC startup time is variable, detection of when the module is ready to accept an ON_OFF pulse requires the host to either wait for a fixed interval or to monitor a pulse on WAKEUP output (pin 9 of GPS module) to assert a pulse on the ON_OFF input. An example flow chart is shown below. Start First provide power to GPS module Wait for 1 second 3 RTC cycles Assert an ON_OFF pulse to GPS module No Receive UART messages from GPS module within 1 second? ON_OFF pulse Yes GPS module starts to work in full-power mode End Page 16/22

17 5.3.2 Procedure for removing power of GPS module Abrupt, uncontrolled removal of power while GPS module is operating carries the risk of data corruption. The consequences of corruption range from longer TimeToFirstFix to complete system failure. The appropriate procedure to remove power is shown as below. Start Via software Via ON_OFF pin Send system turn off message to GPS module (refer to table ) Assert an ON_OFF pulse when GPS module is in full-power mode Wait for 1 second to let GPS module go into hibernate mode Remove power of GPS module for a period longer than 10 s Note: All BBRAM contents and RTC time of GPS module will be lost resulting in a factory reset. Restart GPS module? Yes Follow the procedure of section No End Page 17/22

18 6 Pin assignment and descriptions Pin # Name Type Description Note 1 VCC P DC supply voltage 2 GND P Ground 3 TX O Serial data output 4 RX I Serial data input 1 5 ON_OFF I Power control pin. 1,2 Wake up output. 6 WAKEUP O A high on this output indicates that GPS module is in operational mode. A low on this output indicates that GPS module is in low power state (standby, hibernate and ready-to-start). User can use this pin to control external power supply. <Note> 1. Input voltage is 3.6V tolerant. 2. Input pulse to start the module, and switch the module between different power modes. ON_OFF pulse requires a rising edge and high level that persists for three cycles of the RTC clock in order to be detected. Resetting the ON_OFF detector requires that ON_OFF goes to logic low for at least three cycles of the RTC clock. If the module is first powered, i.e. in ready-to-start state, an ON_OFF pulse will start the module. If the module is in hibernate state, an ON_OFF pulse will move it to full-power mode. If the module is in MicroPower mode, an ON_OFF pulse will move it to full-power mode. If the module is in AdvancedPower mode, an ON_OFF pulse will initiate one AdvancedPower cycle. If the module is in TricklePower mode, an ON_OFF pulse will initiate one TricklePower cycle. If the module is in Push-To-Fix mode, an ON_OFF pulse will initiate one Push-To-Fix cycle. If the module is already in full-power mode, an ON_OFF pulse will initiate orderly shutdown Page 18/22

19 7 DC & Temperature characteristics 7.1 Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Symbol Ratings Units Supply Voltage VCC 1.95 V Operating Temperature Range Topr -40 ~ 85 Storage Temperature Range Tstg -40 ~ DC Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Supply Voltage VCC V Full operation 39 (1) 120 ma Standby (2) 65 ua Supply Current I VCC Hibernate 14 ua Ready-to-start (3) 8 ua MPM (4) 500 ua High Level Input Voltage V I H 0.7*VCC 3.6 V Low Level Input Voltage V I L V High Level Output Voltage V OH 0.75*VCC VCC V Low Level Output Voltage V OL 0.4 V High Level Output Current I OH 2 ma Low Level Output Current I OL 2 ma <Note> 1. Measured when position fix is available and input voltage is 1.8V. 2. Transitional state when GPS module is in TricklePower mode. 3. When power is first applied, the module goes into a ready-to-start state. Please refer to the section MicroPowerMode. 7.3 Temperature characteristics Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Units Operating Temperature Topr Storage Temperature Tstg Page 19/22

20 8 Mechanical specification 8.1 Outline dimensions 8.2 Applicable FPC/FFC cable Page 20/22

21 9 Packing information Page 21/22

22 Document change list Revision 1.0 First release on June 29, Page 22/22