[11] ^ _ D FB [12-16], TSP V \ ] ^_, TSP `a^_f(g 2009 GH I JKLMN TSP, TSP `av\ ]^_ Z," 23FY7 ( TSPY7 F=^_ 1 ; 1.1 TH 1000C J 6 A P Q R S T 6 PQ

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1 JOURNALOFDESERT RESEARCH Vol.32 No. Jul.2012 : X(2012) !"#$%&'! 1,2, 1,2, 1,2, 1,2 (1. 9:; (!, :; ;2. 9 < =(0>?@ABC/ <DE0>ABC, :; ) : 2009 F GH I JKLMNO F PQRST(TSP) 'U, *VWXY7 Z,([ TSPV\ ]^_ `a^_ Wbc :1 GH I JKLMN TSP ` a * F =, 5, 11 12, `a =, L, 2TSP Y7 `a >GH I>MN>JK;SO 2- ` a ` a F 58% 50% 5% L 51%;Ca 2+ ` a `af13% 16% 16%L11%;Na + `a `af12% 13% 10%L12%;Cl - `a ` a F 12% 16% 11% L 22%;! TSP 2 3 3GH I MN JKL F L 0.91; ` a `af L3.02, O F O SO 2-/ NO - 3 SO 2-/ NO - 3 F,! O! 6 F a 23: ;TSP;Y7 ;`a 5!6:X16 789::A PQ F L S )* F [1], ( 6 F03 F(c, 78 F = 03F, L F L F, ; W, T L^, 6 YF, [2] *V, 78 = 9 9 6,! " F 6 = [3] 78RS# S$%,c &6, 6 =XT 'F, 6 = T F a," H A T #6 () c F* +, 7 8 S $ ( 犱 )F 6 % L ' F - ', \./(GB )0 7 8 P Q R S T (TotalSuspendedParticle, TSP: 犱 <100μm)L 1 R S T (PM 10 : 犱 <10 μm), F, R S T (PM 2.5 : 犱 <2.5μm),TSP 6 F RSTF 6, 6 78F9O F03., : F L T; F," <=a, 6>?@F6 ALYBC [-5] # DE,, PQRSTF L [ F( [6-10] HIJFKL6)HM,DE NO, 0, P 0 Q 9,# R ISTH F, F Q,U F V 100d W, F L X Y 200d W :9 D L Z [ \ ]^ K _ ` = L 6 adbc ; 9D 7 8 D 9 F ()*: ;+,)*: /0: ( );!"#$%&' (IDM201003); #( ) &(GYHY ) ( (Sqj200901))*'+ 1 :,-.(1982 ),/,01,,+ (, ( zhongyuting830@sina.cn

2 [11] ^ _ D FB [12-16], TSP V \ ] ^_, TSP `a^_f(g 2009 GH I JKLMN TSP, TSP `av\ ]^_ Z," 23FY7 ( TSPY7 F=^_ 1 ; 1.1 TH 1000C J 6 A P Q R S T 6 PQRST, 9 &F\ ( 1 a 1.5m) 6 0F, \ S $ 100μm F P Q R ST W, &, 6 PQRSTF ` a; ICS 3000 F TSP L\ Y7 `a; (Sartorius) F Bs210sJ, a 0.1mg 6 ; Mili pore Y c 18.2 MΩ cm F Y 1.2 <./T./ F8. / (SO 2-, F -,Cl -,NO -, 3 Na +,K +, Mg 2+,Ca 2+ ) W F NH + 9,0 9 `a X./7,./ ; Y, 18.2 MΩ cm; MSA 7 ( ) 1.3 =>?"@ 9 P 200? PF, O P, :; LX, LX3 TSP +,,*V [ [ Q ]L =, 2007? F L 3 O TSP >, FGH I FJKL FMN 1. >A=B TSP V V V, > J K M N G H I L TSP $0.5μm, A 1.05m 3 min H,; H (50±2) F Ka KH 2~6h 60, = L Z TSP P ( ) V 1,V 1O ( P DV, D F, V, "0 V@ F! X"6 L ), P,! WF1V L6V, F11VL16V, F21VL26V 1O, V 1d,! V08:30 V V06:30, V 22h, Wb V 1.5 CD! " : W# 1200ml', 125 ml Y, 0 ' ( ) 0 min,* 1 25 ml Y 0 min,0 * 100 ml+ +,* 0.5μm F 07,, AB-.: / CS12+ CG12( 250mm),01 20mmol L -1 7 (MSA),A 1.2ml min -1, / AS11+AG11( 250mm),01 30mmol L -1 = 7 (KOH),A 1.2ml min -1 2 E 2.1 ; FGH Z 2009 'U(c1),, MN PV, [31d,, 10d,GH I 1d,JK P MNQ V,GH I ; 2,JK,GH I F L=a 78` af23 3 PV 10d, Q 2, W5 [17] 6 7 8=L 9:6, ; L # W6 &F8=L G6, F

3 ,-.a:2009 PQRSTV\ ] `a^_ Z 1055 I1 JK LMNO 2009 FGH) 犜犪犫犾犲 1 犛狋犪狋狊狋犮犪犾狉犲狊狌犾狋狊狅犳狊犪狀犱犱狌狊狋狑犲犪狋犺犲狉犱犪狔狊狀 2009 狀狋狔狆犮犪犾狉犲犵狅狀狊狅犳狋犺犲犜犪狉犿犅犪狊狀 P Q 2 JK P Q 2 GH I P Q 2 MN P Q <=>af 6,?, FAB, 6[Q 2 DF,*V C [ PFD LX ISTH DR 0F 9,MN ISTH,E DR 2009 MN PL2 V 31d,Q [169d, F6.3%, JKLGH I ISTH F L, LMN, V,c ISTH R F L 犜犛犘 P!" O > TSP ` a =,O >F TSP `a *F =, 5, 11 12,2? FF G,TSP `a 9W5 O > F 3 9,c,, V, 3 7,HI,MN,GH I O > TSP `a = GF9J TSP `a,? `a, μg m -3,6 ` a?, μg m -3 ;M N, 6 5 F μg m -3, 12 F μg m -3 ;JK 6 F136.52μg m -3, % 12 F μg m -3 ;G H I 6 8 F μg m -3, % 12 F μg m -3 K3 *,G H I F JK GH ILMN > TSP `a = Fig.1 MonthlymeanTSPconcentrationin2009intypicalregionsoftheTarimBasin

4 ,LM 'U, 8 11 V 2, F TSP ` a μg m -3, N F, 6 F `afo E O > TSP ` a =,, TSP ` a, L,, V = > > >,6 TSP `af JK GH ILMN > TSP `a = Fig.2 SeasonalmeanTSPconcentrationin2009intypicalregionsoftheTarimBasin 2.3 犜犛犘 QRS&' 犜犛犘 QRS&' O > F TSP [ Z, Z Y7 ]^_ TSP Y7 `a =, `a F 1 2 L10 12 F `a,6,\ 78, V, = a 6,J ` a O > `a!,g H I L M N F 6, μg m -3 L92.18μg m -3,G H I F, MN F 3 J K 6 7 F μg m -3, 6 9, μg m -3, K3 [,6 9 F TSP,18V [2, ` a 070μg m -3, J `a P `a ] TSP `a ]^_" *, " `a 6%FQ9R, `a S, 9 T Z JK GH ILMN TSP Y7 `a = Fig.3 Monthlyvariationoftotalwater solubleinorganicionsconcentrationintsp in2009intypicalregionsofthetarimbasin c2 TSP Y7 `a, ` a > G H I > M N > J K, `a6% Z,GH I `a6%u V SO 2- >Ca 2+ >Na + >Cl - >NO - 3 > Mg 2+ > K + >NH + >F - ;MN SO 2- >Ca 2+ >Cl - >Na + >NO - 3 >Mg 2+ >K + >NH + >F - ;JK SO 2- > Ca 2+ >Cl - >Na + >NO - 3 >NH + > Mg 2+ >K + > F - ; SO 2- >Cl - > Na + >Ca 2+ > NO - 3 > Mg 2+ >K + >NH + >F -,SO 2-, Ca 2+, Na +,Cl - 6 TSP 2 3 Y 7,6 `a L ` af95% 96% 91%L96%; Y7W

5 DEF ２００９ _lmzno = ２ＳＯＮＯ３ v ＮＨ µv ２ p ６１５２６０ v ５３ «ＳＯ p ５８５０５ v ５１ 3 l m Znop Ü ＳＯ２ p Õ Ö n ~ H １０５７Ｃ２ p １３１６１６ v １１Ｎ p １２１３１０ v １２Ｃ p １２１６１１ v２２ 3 ¹ º» ¼» ½» = ¾ s ２ &R tu vw'xyz{ 犜犛犘 R 6789% :; 犜犪犫犾犲２犃狀狀狌犪犾犿犲犪狀狑犪狋犲狉狊狅犾狌犫犾犲狀狅狉犪狀犮狅狀狊犮狅狀犮犲狀狋狉犪狋狅狀狀犜犛犘狀２００９狀狋犮犪犾狉犲狅狀狊狅犳狋犺犲犜犪狉犿犅犪狊狀犵狔狆犵３ＴＳＰ + U0 _ μｇｍ } b ＮＮＨＫＭｇ２Ｃ２ＦＣＳＯ２ＮＯ３ l+ １５９１３６０８６９０３０１１８７６３１２２１８８５２８ tu ３１７３５０５１２１０３３１１７５１１８３１２７ qrms ７６２３３１１２９９００３３２１６１１８５５１２ wx ５２１７０５０８１０１６３２６６８３１３ lmzno ＴＳＰ +PQ 89 :; <= ２３２２ v ７ Üu ３ * Ý t a qr m s v w x p o ２００９ _ ＴＳＰ + U 0 v ８ tuàá pp R?ª ７ ao l+* Ý ３ y Ç B ³ ù - * 5 Ë o ２００９ _l+ tu qrmsvwx ＴＳＰ + U0 ao ＦＭｏｎｈｎｗｅｏｕｂｅｎｏｃｏｎｃｏｎｃｅｎｏｎｎｔｓｐｎ２００９ｎｃｅｇｏｎｏｆｈｅｔｍＢｎｇｙｍｅｇｎｙｐＦ õ éê Ç Ｎ + P Q p Á µ W Ü ± qrms p ２６５３ μｇｍ３ t u ９ p １２μｇｍ３ p a ' B mk µ ýlmznoê Ñ Æ Ò ËlmZno Ｎ PQ-Ñ v> + ＮＨ p É n ± ± ~+ª Ý a Ｕ t l tu ７ p ２５５μｇｍ３ l + １０ p ００３ μｇｍ３ l + ８ + { R + +> {; â p Ü Ｎ _ ＮＨ t u ３５ v ８１０ + { R

6 NH +,GH I 10 ^_ NH +,M N5 9 ^_ NH + NH + `a , K3 *,JK 7 [ ` 6 Q9Fa,23 btc _] E` 6 = DF W T L WX, L,` E = 'D =,Ca 2+ Na + a = a ` a,ab FW, NH + *= NH 6, J NH + `a P K + `a ] V =, 9 F 2.10μg m -3, J K 3 F 0.10 μg m -3 ;Mg 2+ `a V =, GH I8 F2.16μg m -3, JK 12 F0.06μg m -3 Ca F, `a 2 3 9, 9 F μg m -3, M N 1 F 1.62 μg m -3 Ca _], _]2 F. 3 D V,Ca 2+ `a 6 I STH,E P Q 2 a,j Ca 2+ `a K3, F, K 3 ISTH,E :,b,, c Ca 2+ `a 23 FR SO 2- ` a F, = Na + J, X U Z J, 9 F μg m -3, M N 10 F 7.31 μg m -3 SO F SO 2 6 = L, L # SO 2- F23 ISTH F23, DV,6 F \, 6 F,SO 2- `a ' 6 Cl - 23F 9, 9 F9.36μg m -3, GH I6 F0.77 μg m -3, F = " *, 6 Cl - SO 2- F23, 9 23 ' 78; F,= U( )F 3S,6 Cl - `a F9O03R NO - 3 `a =, 6 F 3.9 μg m -3, M N 1 F 0.36 μg m -3 6 RST NO - 3 F = T23 DF, # F, J6 RST F KaL aa 3,! 6 T = U&' WT XY TSP Y7 `a =, F Na + ` a,,,* Na F NH + ` a,,,nh + *= NH 6, [,NH + W T L WXD K + L Mg 2+ `a F S, ` a Ca 2+ `a = c,,, K3 *F `a,6 B! F F9 18 V G6 Cl - ` a =,c `a, K 3 `a Ca 2+, Cl - `ase,l M R,, # 9 18V Cl - E c F I S TH,Cl - Ca 2+ *,23 78 SO 2- `a = E,6 V,,J SO 2- `a, V,, F SO 2- F23,6 SO 2- ` ae NO - 3 `a [, 6 <=F 9:6, #F L 9, # J NO - 3 `a 6 MN GH I LJK NO - 3 `a = V " 9 J, NO - 3 `a6%f 6 2. QRS&'W! O > HCO -/ 3 CO 2-3 a _,!_ F9 F F 6 O > TSP Z, F L0.91, [ J K, K 3 G,c!,F - JKF G %, TSP [! F9 F,

7 DEF ２００９ _lmzno = １０５９ o ５２００９ _l+ tu qrmsvwx ＴＳＰ + U0 ao Ｆ５Ｓｅｏｎｍｅｎｗｅｏｕｂｅｎｏｃｏｎｃｏｎｃｅｎｏｎｎｔｓｐｎ２００９ｎｃｅｇｏｎｏｆｈｅｔｍＢｎｇｇｎｙｐ o ６２００９ _l+ tu qrmsvwx ＴＳＰ ÀÁ È Ｆ６ＢｎｃｅｂｅｗｅｅｎｃｏｎｎｄｎｏｎｎｔｓｐｎｃｅｇｏｎｏｆｈｅｔｍＢｎｄｕｎｇ２００９ｇｙｐ Üu= {p p É n T ² ½ «p ^_ {$;pì Î d Ñ T â Ù ± À Ò ÂÃÄq7 k p À Á ＮＯ３ p -Æ'ËØÙÅi jk ;UV+ ＳＯ２ p ２５７２１２２１５ Å v ３０２ Å Æ T7. / Ï Ð Ñ Û Ø Ù Ñ p Ò H Q 0 １８２０ yz{bpà Á Ç È 9 «ÙÚ+!ÍÃ Æ _ v Ç _ m ù p Ｓ v Ｎ p } n±pá = { «Ｈ È Ðìêµ+p Ｓ v Ｎ >;æb/ ＳＯ２ v ２ＳＯ v ＮＯ３ ; U V T ; ; U V + PQpÀ W ª. / K c Ù Ò T ; Ó Ô p ２ ÕÖ Ü + ＳＯ２ＮＯ３ ÉÊ5ÌÍÎdp ＳＯＮＯ３ Ç Ë É ２ ³ B 6 ２５８ 5Æ_vÇ_Îdp ＳＯＮＯ３ PQ-#ËÍÃÌ dp ２０１００１６ ª + l + ＳＯＮＯ３ＳＯ２ ÎdÑk > Ò Ï Ð «ＮＯ３ Ä P Q - # Ë Ù b c ３８９２８６９１３５ t u

8 SO 2- / NO - 3 >? 5.05~23.27, 10.29,G H I SO 2- / NO - 3 >? 5.56~ 36.58, 19.76,MN SO 2- / NO - 3 >? 5.58~2.95, 16.56! 6 F a 3 E 1)2009 O > TSP `a *F =, 5, 11 12,2? F F G, TSP `a2 9W5 TSP ` a =, L, 2) TSP Y 7 ` a >GH I > MN>JK,GH I `a6%uv SO 2- >Ca 2+ >Na + >Cl - >NO - 3 >Mg 2+ >K + >NH + >F - ;MN SO 2- >Ca 2+ > Cl - >Na + >NO - 3 >Mg 2+ >K + >NH + >F - ;JK SO 2- >Ca 2+ >Cl - >Na + >NO - 3 >NH + >Mg 2+ >K + >F - ; SO 2- >Cl - >Na + >Ca 2+ > NO - 3 >Mg 2+ >K + >NH + >F - SO 2- ` a `af58% 50% 5%L51%;Ca 2+ `a `af13% 16% 16%L11%;Na + `a `af12% 13% 10%L12%; Cl - ` a ` a F 12% 16% 11% L 22%! TSP 23 3) F F, L0.91, [JK, K3 G; `a ` af L3.02, O >F ) ",GH I SO 2-/ NO - 3 >? 5.56~36.58, 19.76;M N F >? 5.58~2.95, 16.56;J K F >? 5.05~23.27, 10.29; F >? 3.89~28.69, 13.5! 6 F a 7( 犚犲犳犲狉犲狀犮犲狊 ): [1].6 =[M]. :,1999: [2] % ' F ([J].,2007,22 (1): [3],. R6 YL 78=^_( [J]. _,2006,28(3): [] JonssonP,BennetC,EliassonI,etal.Suspendedparticulate materanditsrelationstotheurbanclimateindaressalaam, Tanzania[J].AtmosphericEnvironment,200,38(25): [5] MenonS,HansenJ,Nazarenko L,etal.Climateefectsof blackcarbonaerosolsin ChinaandIndia[J].Science,2002, 297: [6], =,,a. 6 PQRST(TSP) Y7 F=^_ =^_[J]. T =,2008,27(1):93-9. [7],,,.01 6 TSP Y7 F =^_[J].,2006,22(6):71-7. [8] (,,,a. L 6 RS T Y7 F= ^ _[J]. R,2009,28(1): [9] MouliCP,MohanVS,ReddyJS.Astudyonmajorinorganic ioncompositionofatmosphericaerosolsattirupati[j].jour nalofhazardousmaterials,2003,96(2-3): [10] RastogiN,Sarin M M.Quantitativechemicalcompositionand characteristicsofaerosolsoverwesternindia:one yearrecord oftemporalvariability[j].atmosphericenvironment,2009, 3: [11],,,a. 6 Z[J].,2008,28(5): [12], =,,a. ISTH 6 O3 Z[J].,2010,30(): [13] ), B,,a. ISTH 6 78 ^_([J].,2010,30(3): [1],,,a. 7a ISTH 7 =[J].,2010,30(2): [15],,. X8 50a =^_ Z[J].,2010,30(3): [16],,,a. F = Z[J].,2008,28(1): [17],,-.,,a. I S T H 7 PM10V\ =^_ 3 Z [J].,2011,31 (2): [18] YeB M,JiXL,YangH Z,etal.Concentrationandchemical compositionofpm2.5inshanghaifora1 yearperiod[j].at mosphericenvironment,2003,37: [19] Zhuang W Y,TangGS,TangA,etal.Theionchemistryand thesourceofpm2.5aerosolinbeijing[j].atmosphericenvi ronment,2005,39: [20] (,,,a. 6 3S F `a Y7 F ^ _ [J].D E,2007,16():1193-

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