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1 局地风急流对缺口处西边界流流径的影响钟慎雷 1,2,3, 王铮 1,2 1,2, 袁东亮 (1., 26671; 2., 26671; 3., 149) 摘要 : 基于缺口处的西边界流流态存在迟滞回归现象, 使用 1.5 层约化重力浅水模式, 研究了受山脉与地形影响的局地风急流对西边界流流径的影响结果显示, 在西边界流从跨越态向入侵态转变的临界状态, 局地的西向和南向风应力能够使西边界流向入侵态转变, 局地的东向和北向风应力不能使其发生转变 ; 在西边界流从入侵态向跨越态转变的临界状态, 除西风以外的风应力都能使西边界流向跨越态转变此外数值实验还表明风应力旋度的作用强于风应力大小的作用关键词 : 西边界流 ; 迟滞现象 ; 局地风急流 ; 风应力旋度中图分类号 : P73.21 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : 1-396(213) ,,,,, 11 ~ 14.5 N,,,,,,,,, [1-3] Yuan [4],,,, 3%,,,, [2-3] Farris Wimbush [1], [5] [6], Metzger Hurlburt [7],, Metzger [8] Liang [9],,,, : ; : : (48881); NSFC (412619); (212CB956); / (LT112); /(LASG) : (1984- ),,,, :, : , zhongshenlei@126.com;,, : ; duan@qdio.ac.cn 68 / 213 / 37 / 12

使其发生转变 ; 在西边界流从入侵态向跨越态转变的临界状态, 除西风以外的风应力都能使西边界流向跨越态转变此外数值实验还表明风应力旋度的作用强于风应力大小的作用关键词 : 西边界流 ; 迟滞现象 ; 局地风急流 ; 风应力

2 , Sheremet [1], (hsteresis) [11],, ( ) [12], [13],, Yuan Wang [4],,,, Wang [14] ~22 7, (wind-jets),, ( ), 1 模式介绍与实验设计层约化重力模式简介 [13], (1): h 2 τ ( νu) fv g h AH U RU ατ ρ U t V h 2 τ + ( νv) + fu g h + AH V RV + t ρ (1) h U V + + = t ρ =1 22 kg/m 3, h(,,t),, ρ+δρ g = m/s 2 3 m, A H =31 m 2 /s, Raleigh R=5 1 8 s 1 β, f = s 1, β= m 1 s 1, f=f +β U=uh, V=vh, u v a τ τ, τ 32 21, (, ),,1,2,,32,,1,2,,21, 1 km (12, ) (12, 21), (12, 94) (12,117), (ADI), C, 1.2 实验设计,, [13] =4.81(A H =3 m 2 /s) ( 2.2.5) :,,,.5,, Marine Sciences / Vol. 37, No. 12 /

h(,,t),, ρ+δρ g =9.8 1 3 m/s 2 3 m, A H =31 m 2 /s, Raleigh R=5 1 8 s 1 β, f =2.

3 [13] =4.81(A H =3 m 2 /s) ( 2.2.5),,, α τ =.3877 α τ =.491, 2 局地风应力对西边界流跨越流态的影响 2.1 风向实验结果 α τ =.3877, 1 Fig.1 1 Stream functions of the initial state Xp,,,, ( ) α τ =.3877, : ( 15) ( 118) ( 15) ( 118) τ τ e e cosθ τ τ e e sinθ X=12, Y=24, θ ( π, π), τ =.1, X, Y,, 4 d, 4 d, 6 a( ), τ Farris Wimbush [1] θ,,,,,,, 2.2 风应力大小作用与旋度作用的比较 : 2 ( 118) 2 e X 2 ( 15) 2 e Y τ τ cosθ τ τ sinθ (2) (3), (curl z ) : τ τ curl Z τ = (4) (4) θ=( ), 4 d, 6 a, 2 θ=( ) 4 d,,, α τ =.387 7, : 2 ( 15) ( 118) ( 118) 2 + X 2 ( 15) ( 118) ( 15) 2 Y + τ τ e e cosθ τ e cosθ (5) τ τ e e sinθ τ e sinθ 7 / 213 / 37 / 12

1, X, Y,, 4 d, 4 d, 6 a( ), τ Farris Wimbush [1] θ,,,,,,, 2.

4 2 (3) Fig.2 Continuous wind stress vector which corresponds to formula(3) (5) (2) (3),,, θ=,,, (2)θ=, 3, 4 d, 6 a 4, (5), θ=( ), 2.1,,,,,, 3 (5) Fig.3 The wind stress vector whichcorresponds to formula (5), ( ) 2.3 局地风应力的尺度范围影响, X Y, X Y, X=8, Y=12, 2.1, α τ =.387 7, X Y, 2.1 θ, 2.1,, Fig d (a) (b) The stream function which has been forced b the wind stress for 4das (a) and the result obtainedfrom integration afterremoving the wind stress(b) Marine Sciences / Vol. 37, No. 12 /

1,,,,,, 3 (5) Fig.3 The wind stress vector whichcorresponds to formula (5), ( ) 2.

5 , : ( m) ( n) τ τ e e cosθ ( m) ( n) τ τ e e sinθ (6) 4 d, 6 a 5,, 5 2 (m=85, n=118) 2 (m=17, n=118) ( 1 11 N/m 3 ) Fig.5 The wind curl( 1 11 N/m 3 ) of the force and results which corresponds to the center of the wind field moved to the southward b 2 grids(m=85, n=118) and to the northward b 2 grids(m=17, n=118), respectivel,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,, 3 局地风应力对西边界流入侵流态的影响,,, α τ = 72 / 213 / 37 / 12

5 The wind curl( 1 11 N/m 3 ) of the force and results which corresponds to the center of the wind

6 .491, 6 6 α τ =.491 Fig.6 The stead penetration state which corresponds to α τ =.491 (6), m=15, n=122, 4 d, 6 a θ=π,,, 7, X P α τ =.491, 4 动力机制分析,,, Fig.7 7 Thestead state of westernboundar current, [15] w : τ τ τ w = curlz (7) ρf ρf ρf (7), ;, 2.1, θ=, ( ) 8,,,, ( 8),,,,,,, 3, ( ) 9,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Marine Sciences / Vol. 37, No. 12 /

7 7 Thestead state of westernboundar current, [15] w : τ τ τ w = curlz (7) ρf ρf ρf

7 Fig.8 8 θ= 4 d The wind stress curl which corresponds toθ=(east wind) and the difference of sea surface height Fig.9 9 θ=π 4 d The wind stress curl which corresponds to west wind (θ=π) and the difference of the sea surface height ;,, 5 总结, 1.5,,,,, ;,,,,,,, : [1] Farris A, Wimbush M. Wind-induced Kuroshio intrusion into the South China Sea [J]. J Oceanogr, 1996, 52(6): [2],. ( ) [J]., 1987, 18: [3],. ( ) [J]., 1987, 18: [4] Yuan Dongliang, Wang Zheng. Hsteresis and dnamics of a western boundar current flowing b a gap 74 / 213 / 37 / 12

5,,,,, ;,,,,,,, : [1] Farris A, Wimbush M. Wind-induced Kuroshio intrusion into the South China Sea [J]. J Oceanogr, 1996, 52(6): 771-784.

8 forced b impingement of mesoscale eddies [J]. J Phs Oceanogr, 211, 41(5): [5],. [J]., 1992, 23(2): [6],. [J]., 1995, 17(2): [7] Metzger E J, Hurlburt H E. The importance of high horizontal resolution and accurate coastline geometr in modeling South China Sea inflow[j]. Geophs ResLett, 21, 28(6): [8] Metzger E J. Upper ocean sensitivit to wind forcing in the South China Sea [J]. J Oceanogr, 23, 59(6): [9] Liang W D, Yang Y J, Tang T Y, et al. Kuroshio in the Luzon Strait [J]. J Geophs Res, 28, 113: C848. [1] Sheremet V A. Hsteresis of a western boundar current leaping across a gap [J]. J Phs Oceanogr, 21, 31(5): [11] Sheremet V A, Kuehl J. Gap-leaping western boundar current in a circular tank model [J]. J Phs Oceanogr, 27, 37(6): [12]. [D]. :, 27. [13]. [D]. :, 28. [14] Wang Guihua, Chen Dake, Su Jilan. Winter edd genesis in the eastern South China Sea due to orographic wind jets [J]. J Phs Oceanogr, 28, 38(3): [15] Stewart R H. Introduction to phsical oceanograph [M]. Teas: Department of Oceanograph, Teas A&M Universit, 24: The impact of local wind stress on the path of the west boundar current flowing through a gap ZHONG Shen-lei 1,2,3, WANG Zheng 1,2, YUAN Dong-liang 1,2 (1. Institute of Oceanolog,Chinese Academ of Sciences, Qingdao 26671, China; 2. Ke Laborator of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Chinese Academ of Sciences, Qingdao 26671, China; 3. Graduate Universit of Chinese Academ of Sciences, Beijing 149, China) Received: Ma, 18, 212 Ke words: west boundar current; hsteresis; local wind-jets; curl of wind stress Abstract: Based on the hsteresis phenomenon of the west boundar current(wbc) flowing through a gap, the impact of the local wind rushing which was influenced b the mountains and topograph on the path of WBC was studied using a 1.5-laer reduce-gravit shallow water model. The results showed that the local east and north wind could induce the WBC changing from the leap state to the penetration state but the west and south wind could not when the WBC wasat the critical statefrom leap to penetration.the results also showed that the wind from all directions ecept west could induce the change of WBC from the penetration state to the leap state. Analsis also showed that the wind stress curl had a stronger impact on the changing of WBC than the size of the wind stress. ( 本文编辑 : 刘珊珊李晓燕 ) Marine Sciences / Vol. 37, No. 12 /

Upper ocean sensitivit to wind forcing in the South China Sea [J]. J Oceanogr, 23, 59(6): 783-798. [9] Liang W D, Yang Y J, Tang T Y, et al. Kuroshio in the Luzon Strait [J].

720 () 2009,,, , ( ) (6 8 ), ( 5) ( 6).,,119 E, 150 km., 25. 5, 25,., 5b. 3 ROMS 3. 1 ROMS, S,.,,,, [ 9 ]. 1/ 32 ( ),25, 18 s, 180 s

720 () 2009,,, , ( ) (6 8 ), ( 5) ( 6).,,119 E, 150 km., 25. 5, 25,., 5b. 3 ROMS 3. 1 ROMS, S,.,,,, [ 9 ]. 1/ 32 ( ),25, 18 s, 180 s 48 5 2009 9 () Journal of Xiamen University (Natural Science) Vol. 48 No. 5 Sep. 2009 Argos 1, 1, 1 3, 1, 2 (1.,, 361005 ; 2., 361005) :,Argos,( ROMS), 120. 75 E,.,,,,,. :120. 75 E,,( ),,,, 1. 305 10 7