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1 GeologicalScienceandTechnologyInformation Vol.37 No.5 Sep doi: /j.cnki.dzkq ,,,. : [J].,2018,37(5): :,,,, ( ), ) : CT,, :,,,,,, 80%, : ; ; ; :P736.15;P :A : (2018) , (NMR) X-CT, [1] [11-12] [2-6], [13],,, [14],,,,,,, [7-9], MicroCT X, [15], [10],,,, [16], : : : (2016ZX ) : (1988 ),,, wanlin2@cnooc.com.cn

5 : 91 15.1%, 49.14 10-3 μm 2, -, 50 10-3 μm 2,,, CT,, 3 ( 1), 0.21 mm,, 17.914%, 1 18.493 10-3 μm 2 ; 0.32mm,, 20.197%, 185.83 10-3 μm 2 ; 0.71mm 1.

2 5 : %, μm 2, -, μm 2,,, CT,, 3 ( 1), 0.21 mm,, %, μm 2 ; 0.32mm,, %, μm 2 ; 0.71mm 1.1,, %, μm 2 3 5cm,, 2.5cm, 1.2, Cias-2000 ( 1), -,, RecCore-3020,, 35, 5s, 0.2ms, Fig.1 Locationandstratumhistogramofthestudyarea

3 Table1 Thelithology,grainsize,sedimentarymicrofaciesandpetrophysicalcharacteristicsofdiferentgrainsize sandstonesamples / / m mm /% Y ( ) /% / 10-3 μm Y ( ) Y ( ) , ( ) [17],,, T 2 [18],, [19-20] : T 2 r c : 1 = 1 S γgt T 2 T 2B +ρ ( ) 2 +D ( ) E 2 (1) T 2 = rc (3) V 12 ρ 2Fs :T 2 (ms);t 2B :F s, F s=3, (ms); ρ 2 F s=2 ( μ m/ms);s (cm 2 );V T 2 r h c (cm 3 );D ( μ m 2 /ms);γ (rad/ [22-23], T 2 : (s T));G (Gs/cm);T E r h = T2 ρ 2Fs (4) (ms) c MicroCT, Bruker SkyScan1173 CT 2, 13.13μm, 3771, 4283, X, [24],,, 2D [21] 3D, [25], ( 2), CT 3D,,, MicroCT, ( 3), Y1, %, μm, 307, MPa, 11.3, 66.53%,, 27.57%; Y2, 13.46%, μm, 322, [13] 12.86; Y3, : 4.87%, 97.31μm r c = 2σcosα (2) P c :P c (10 6 Pa);r c (10-6, 321, 23.38,, m);σ (N/m);α,

第５期万琳等扇三角洲不同粒级砂岩储层微观孔隙结构定量表征以石臼坨凸起陡坡带东三段为例９３图２不同粒级砂岩样品孔隙特征Ｆｉｇ２Ｐｏｒｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｇｒａｉｎｓｉｚｅｓａｎｄｓｔｏｎｅｓａｍｐｌｅｓ图３铸体薄片孔隙图像分析Ｆｉｇ３Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｃａｓｔｉｎｇｔｈｉｎｐｏｒｅｉｍａｇｅ径相对较小同时由于碳酸盐

4 第５期万琳等扇三角洲不同粒级砂岩储层微观孔隙结构定量表征以石臼坨凸起陡坡带东三段为例９３图２不同粒级砂岩样品孔隙特征Ｆｉｇ２Ｐｏｒｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｇｒａｉｎｓｉｚｅｓａｎｄｓｔｏｎｅｓａｍｐｌｅｓ图３铸体薄片孔隙图像分析Ｆｉｇ３Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｃａｓｔｉｎｇｔｈｉｎｐｏｒｅｉｍａｇｅ径相对较小同时由于碳酸盐胶结喉道导致部分原生孔隙呈现无效孔状态扫描电镜下呈现表面黏土不同粒级砂岩的压汞曲线形态和孔喉分布有明显区别图４细砂岩Ｙ１样品毛细管压力曲线呈现相化现象中砂岩颗粒边缘及粒内溶蚀较多沿解理溶对平坦的状态均质系数为０１８５孔喉半径分布集蚀的长石边缘可见晶型完好的自生高岭石而自生中在０１９９５０１４ μｍ之间峰值孔喉半径为１３０１μｍ排驱压力为３个样品中最高的００８３高岭石主要作为长石溶蚀伴随产物发育在流体流动能力强的砂体中因此中砂岩样品孔隙连通效果好流体渗流能力明显强于细砂岩及含砾粗砂岩分选ＭＰａ说明其进汞时孔喉半径最小渗透率较低渗透率最高的中砂岩Ｙ２样品的毛细管压力曲线平缓最差杂基含量高的含砾粗砂岩Ｙ３中原生孔隙被泥质等杂基充填通过ＳＥＭ观察到部分高岭石晶段范围最宽最接近与横坐标平行说明其孔喉大小分选性最好均质系数达到０３５从孔喉半径分布型和中砂岩Ｙ２样品中高岭石对比呈现蚀变破碎状可能为原生混杂沉积高岭石部分溶蚀孔隙发图可以看出毛细管压力进汞曲线上有２个短的平育但孔隙分布不均匀整体连通性较差缓段分别对应孔喉分布的两个峰值左峰值０９１６ μｍ对应小孔喉渗透率贡献值为０起不到连通２２高压压汞实验结果压汞曲线的形态主要受控于孔喉的歪度和分流体渗流的作用右峰值１１８７９μｍ对应大孔喉排驱压力为３个样品中最低的００３３ＭＰａ含砾粗选一定的毛细管压力对应于一定的孔隙喉道半径砂岩Ｙ３样品均质系数为００２６孔喉分布呈现多峰

5 Fig.4 4 (a) (b) Mercuryinjectioncurves(a)andporeradiusdistribution(b)ofhighpressuremercury, 7.374, Y1 Y2, 3.9%,,,, T 2, [22,26] Y2 153MPa T 2, 64.73%, Y3 T 2 ( 6), 55.18% Y1 (S Hgmax ), Y2 Y3, r(c) S(a) Y2 Y3, T 2 Bezier, 16μm, S(a) T 2 (a),,, T 2, Y3 Y2 3 ( 7-a~c), 2.3 Y3 Y1 ( 1 H) Y2,,,, [18,20] T 2, T 2,,T 2 T 2 ( 5), Y1 Y2, 0.25~ ms, 10~200 ms Y2 Y1, 1.86~1930ms,, 50~600 ms, Y3,,T 2, 10~2000ms 3 T 2, Y2 T 2 5 T 2, Fig.5 T 2timespectrumofdiferentgrainsizesandstonesam-, ples

6 5 : 95 6 T 2 Fig.6 Cumulativedistributioncontrastofmercurythroatand NMR T 2 ( 7-d~f),,,, T 2, 3, μm 2 Y2 2.4 CT,, Fig.7 7 T 2 NMR T 2conversionofporethroat Y μm 13%, 1.25%, 13.13~91.89μm CTVol CTAn,, ( ) 3 ( ) Y %, ( 8), 13.13~91.89μm 12.4%, 2.31% Y1, 91.89~, μm, Y2 39.3~ ~275.66μm, μm, 78.75%,, Y1,, (39.9~144.3μm), (144.3~, 275.6μm), 91.89~144.39μm, 13.13~ (13.1~39.3 μm) 91.89μm, 6.14~19.729mm ~14.754mm 742, 17% ~,, 20%~30%, 22%, 18.4%

９６地质科技情报２０１８年图８微米ＣＴ三维孔隙展示Ｆｉｇ８３ＤｐｏｒｅｄｉｓｐｌａｙｏｆｍｉｃｒｏｎＣＴ流模型显示Ｙ２样品孔喉开放性最好整体以绿色开放孔为主总孔隙度１８６５开放孔为１８４６封闭孔比例极少为０１９开放孔孔隙相互连通构成孔隙网络成为流体渗流通道高孔隙度和高开３

7 ９６地质科技情报２０１８年图８微米ＣＴ三维孔隙展示Ｆｉｇ８３ＤｐｏｒｅｄｉｓｐｌａｙｏｆｍｉｃｒｏｎＣＴ流模型显示Ｙ２样品孔喉开放性最好整体以绿色开放孔为主总孔隙度１８６５开放孔为１８４６封闭孔比例极少为０１９开放孔孔隙相互连通构成孔隙网络成为流体渗流通道高孔隙度和高开３不同粒级砂岩微观孔隙结构的主控因素砂岩孔隙结构特征受到沉积作用埋藏作用成放孔比率是中砂岩Ｙ２样品渗流能力最高的重要因素岩作用等多种因素的影响不同粒度砂岩孔喉储存含砾粗砂岩Ｙ３样品孔隙大小分布很不均匀孔径分布比较广３９３８１４４３９μｍ范围的孔隙比砂细砂岩主要受到早期沉积作用影响对分选最例最大占４９８７直径大于５００μｍ的孔隙分布较少只占１４２３但是分布范围很广红色区域选较差的粗砂岩及含砾粗砂岩局部胶结及溶蚀使得１３１３３９３８μｍ孔隙很小且所占比例少所以不能被清晰地观察到绿色区域３９３８１４４３３１泥质含量对研究区东三段扇三角洲６０个岩样统计发现随粒度中值增大泥质体积分数呈指数下降图９ μｍ孔隙比例较高且分布较集中蓝色区域１４４３９５１１９４μｍ孔隙体积分数较高但分布很不均匀黄色区域５１１９４１８５０９μｍ大孔隙分布也很不均匀根据１２５２３２０６６１ｍｍ范围内６２１个截面的孔隙度统计面孔率大部分在１１左右但是样品高度在１７４９８１９９３４ｍｍ之间孔隙渗流能力的主控因素有明显的差别研究表明粉好的中砂岩来说压实溶蚀作用控制了孔喉变化分其孔隙结构呈现较强的非均质性粉砂和粒度较小的细砂岩泥质质量分数超过１５随水动力增大砂体淘洗更彻底粗砂及巨砂中泥质质量分数降低到７左右泥质含量与储层物性均呈现负相关性图１０渗透率降低受泥质质量分数度变大至１７这主要是因为在该区域有颗掉落的增加的影响更为明显在同一个泥质质量分数变化区间孔隙度从２５降低到８渗透率则降低了４直径为８ｍｍ左右的砾石导致孔隙度变大Ｙ３样个数量级从６３９１０３ μｍ２降低至００８４１０３品总孔隙度１２６３开放孔１２４封闭孔０２３孔径相对较高是开放孔比率高的原因之一２ μｍ粉细砂岩中残留的泥质杂基主要集中在喉道内喉道被泥质充填分割成微细喉道渗流能力因此

8 5 : 97 9 Fig.9 Relationshipbetweenmeangrainsizeandshalecontentof diferentgrainsizesandstone 11 Fig.11 Plateofcompactionandcementationofdiferent grainsizesandstone, m Fig.10 Relationshipbetweenshalecontentandphysicalprop- 20%, erty, 3.2, 3000 m,, ( 2), -, ( 2),,, X,,, 43%, 35%, /,, 15% 7% 2 Table2 Distributionofporetypeofdiferentgrainsize, sandstone ( 11),,,, 3.3 /% ,,, 80%

9 ,1986: , [11] 11.12%, 11.3, 0.199~5.014μm, 12.4%, 2.31%; 13.46%, 12.86,,78.75% 39.3~140μm [14],,,18.46% ; 4.87%, 970., 23.38, [15],,., -, 2011,32(54): , [17], 4 [J]., [18] 80%, [19],, : [1],,, [J].,2013,40(6): [2],,,. 6 [J]. :,2015,39 [J].,2013,32(3):118- (6): [3],,,. resonancesurfacerelaxivity:a casestudyof MiddleBakken [J].,2012,86(2): ,. [J].,2016,43(6):961- [4],,. [24]NetoAS.Pore-sizedistributioninsandstones[J].AAPGBul- [J]., letin,1993,77(6): ,37(4): [5],,,. [J]. :,2015,39(5):7-17. [26],,,. [6],,. : 6 : [J].,2016,35(3): [J].,2016,34(3): [8] PhilipH.Pore-throatsizesinsandstones,tightsandstones,and shales[j].aapgbuletin,2009,93(3): view E,2004,70: [10],. [M]. :,2013,24(2): ,. [J]. [12],,,. [J].,2014,33(3): [13],,,. : 7 [J].,2016,62(2): [9] OkabeH,BluntMJ.Predictionofpermeabilityforporosmedia reconstructedusing multiple-pointstatistics[j].physicalre-,2009,30(6): CT [J]. [16],. CT : [J].,,. T2,2016,37(3): ,414.,. [J].,2003,38(3): ,. : [J].,2016,56(4): [20],. [J].,2012,36(3): [21],,,. [J].,2012,14(2): [22],,,. [23]Saidian M,Prasad M.Efectofmineralogyonnuclearmagnetic andthreeforksfromations[j].fuel,2015,161: [25],,,. : 8 [J].,2014,32(2): [27],,,. [7],,. : [J]. [J].,2017,35,2013,32(4): (1): [28],,,. [J].,2006,26(10):57-61.

10 5 : 99 QuantitativeCharacterizationand MainControlingFactorsofMicro PoreStructureinDifferentSizeSandstoneofFanDeltaReservoirs: ACaseStudyofEd3inShijiutuoUpliftSteepSlopeZone WanLin,WangQingbin,ZhaoGuoxiang,TangGuomin,GaoXilong (BohaiPetroleumInstitute,TianjinBranch,CNOOC(China)Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin300459,China) Abstract:Becauseofthecomplexporestructure,reservoirspaceandflowabilityofdiferentsizesandstone hasobviousdiference.weselectsandstonesamplesofdiferentsizesfromshijiutuoupliftsteepslopezone Ed 3forthinsectionimagescanning,highpressuremercury,magneticresonanceimaging,and microct test.weanalyzedthe maincontrolingfactorsofporestructureofsandstone withdiferentgrainsizes basedontheanalysisofdiferentexperimentalresults,finecharacterizationandquantitativecharacteriza- tionofmicroporestructure sspatialdistributionoffandeltasandstonewithalargesizespan.theresults showthat:theprimaryporenumberoffinesandstoneismorebutporeradiusisrelativelysmal,andpart oftheprimaryporethroatholehasbeeninvalidbecauseofcarbonatecementation.mediumsandstonehas themosthomogenousporedistribution,andthehighporosityandhighopenholeratioareconducivetothe highestflowability.theporesizedistributionofpebbledsandstoneisnotuniform,andtheporesizedistri- butioniswide,showingthecharacteristics,onthewhole,oflargenumberofpores,fewofwhichareef- fectivelyconnectedwiththethroat.thedecreaseoftheintergranularporevolumeismainlyduetocemen- tationofsiltstone,andasmalamountoffinegrainedsandstone.withtheincreaseofparticlesize,de- creaserateofprimaryporositycausedbycompactionincreasesgradualy.inthecoarsesandstone,compac- tionporosityreductionrateiscloseto80%.thecontentofdissolutionintergranularporeanddissolved poreparticleincreasewiththeincreaseeofparticlesize.therateofporosityincreaseofparticleandcement erosionisfoundinthemedia-coarseofsandstoneofthebestseepagecapacity. Keywords:fandelta;diferentgrainsizesandstone;porestructure;quantitativecharacterization;main controlingfactors

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梁运文霍震刘凯本文利用奥尔多中心的调查数据从三个方面对我国城乡居民财产分布状况进行了详细的实证分析首先刻画了我国城乡居民财产分布的总体统计特征然后从财产构成出发对我国城乡居民财产分布进行了结构分解最后通