1
2
1 1 2007 9 22 2 3 3
5 4 1973 5 4
1992 1997 6 1974 5
6 7 7 8
199 9 7
8
9 10 10 1735-1815
1890 1949 1949 1963 1949 1963 1949 1963 10
1892-1968 11 11 11
1986 12
13
14 1896~1963 12 13 12 13 http://www.guoxue123.com/biji/qing/tyct/002.htm
14 15 16 14 http://www.guoxue123.com/ 15 16 199 15
1861 17 1863 1868 1889 1900 17 16
1911 17
1872 1908 1911 1924 1936 18
1899 1901 18 (1909) 18 19
1911 19 19 1993117 20 20
1912 21 1920 22 23 1958 1914 1917 1915 1916 1918 21 22 23 1974 5 21
1922 1920 1921 24 1917 ( ) 25 24 21139140 25 2323 22
1924 1925 1926 1937 26 1927 27 26 27 23
1930 1903-1990 1899-1983 1925 1928 1934 1934 1938 1894-1968 1932 1934 1937 1938 24
1937 1939 1944 1946 1947 25
1949 1949 1955 26
27 1927 1956 28 1958 1959 1954 1960 1961 1962 28
1963 29 29 28
30 206 B.C. -220 A.D. 30 1994 5 29
220-589 581-907 31 1949 32 1973 31 1972 32 30 30
1972 T 33 535-556 934-938 1644-1911 1733-1799 34 33 34 33 31
35 35 36 1993 9 4 32
1733-1799 37 38 33
40 1959 39 40 1972 34
8 10 35
41 1 22. 22. 41 33 42 36
43 22. 43 22.223.5 23.623.9 27.624.4 24.119.4 26.642.1 25.334.1 23.234.3 27.520.8 44 37
1 11 45 ( 9-5) 9-45 1764-1827 http://www.zgshj.com/lib/sim/2005/0541821450966696.htm 38
7 (3) 39
(1) (2) (4) 40
27.3 43 24.7 26 41
47 46 47 42
( ) 12 43
1962 13 ( 14) 15 (16) 17 44
18 19 48 20 48 2004 3 45
21 1 49 46
47
48
49
50
51
1 1 1 1 13 52
3 2 1 50 53
3 33 18.8 11.8 36 18.8 11.8 54
18.8 11.8 2 35 27 29 28 30 18.8 11.8 18.8 11.8 18.8 11.8 31 32 55 34 35 18.8 11.8 18.8 11.8 18.8 11.8 18.8 11.8
31 32 4 51 1 (16 3 40 41 43 42 51 56
44 39 15 90 44cm 16 57
41 121 51cm 42 58
44 978 59
52 1 1 53 52 53 60
2 61
1960 65 2 62
45 46 63
47 49 64
50 51 65
1960 25 15.5 25 15 66
1 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 2 67
5 1 68
2 69
1952 54 1 28 2 15 3 59 4 26 5 22 6 65 7 61 8 31 9 27 10 11 6 12 13 54 70
55 56 57 55 56 126 12 24 57 126 12 24 2 71
6 11 4 20 12 5 1952 17 10.9 72
73
69 66 74
66 69 17 10.9 17 10.9 1952 1952 1956 58 1955 1956 58 75
59 1956 60 61 59 141 60 http//zh.wikisource.org 61 76
26 17 71 77
71~79 1 14 78
79
1 1 80
2 7 81
82
3 83
1 (4) 4 58 84
18.8 11.8 2 2 31 32 27 31 18.8 11.8 85
69 1 2 86
25 15 53 1 87 45 6 8
10 4 10 5 88
80 1955~195621.4 17.7 81 1955~195617.7 21.4 22 28 62 8081 1955-1956 1955 80 81 89
90
91 (1892-1968)
63 64 63 1986 64?? 92
65 65 93
94
66 67 66 67 95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
1693-1765 68 1949 69 68 1979 1 52 69 1985 10 228 104
70 70 http//news.epochtimes.com/b5/1/8/29/c4417.htm 105
71 2003 106
107
72 2003 108
73 109
110
74 111
112
113
1 1 21949 2 114
75 76 1949 1949 1959 1958 1959 75 2003 5 66 76 67 115
77 1959 1959 1949 77 78 116
1 1 117
2 79 1 79 118
10 4 10 5 2 119
120
81 82 80 81 82 1974 37 1988 8 83 121
85 T 84 1994 92 85 122
86 87 86 ( ) 39 87 42 123
124
125 1 3 2003 5 9 13 14
126 16 17 28 29 33 34
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 127
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 128
28 29 30 1 2 22.2 14.5 1959 22.2 14.5 1959 129
5 6 22.2 14.5 1959 22.2 14.5 1959 130
9-1 22.2 23.5 9-2 22.2 23.5 9-3 27.6 24.4 131 9-4 24.1 19.4
9-5 26.6 42.1 9-6 25.3 34.1 9-7 23.2 34.3 132 9-8 27.5 20.8
10 32.8 169.5 11 16 64 1935 133
14 81.5 38.2cm 134
17 57 29cm 18 56.7 28cm 135
2 83 29cm 136
23 24 137
26 33 69cm 138 27 18.8 11.8 28 18.8 11.8
29 18.8 11.8 30 18.8 11.8 139
33 18.8 11.8 34 18.8 11.8 140
37 38 75 45cm 56 29.7cm 141
41 121 51cm 42 142
25 15.5cm 25 15 143
25 15.5cm 25 15 51 52 53 54 25 15.5cm 25 15.5cm 25 15.5cm 25 15.5cm 144
59 60 17 10.9 17 10.9 1952 1952 145 61 62
63 64 17 10.9 17 10.9 1952 1952 146
67 68 17 10.9 17 10.9 1952 1952 147
71 72 73 26 17 195626 17 1956 26 17 1956 148 76
77 26 78 26 79 17 195617 195626 17 1956 149 80 1955~195621.4 17.7 81 1955~1956 17.7 21.4
150 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
151 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
152