CECI 97425
Geological Condition Gravel/cobbles/boulders, sandy, dense, uncemented Clay layer : Loose fine sand to stiff silt and hard clay Two distinct aquifers (upper free, lower confined with <5 bar water pressure)
Open Cut Tunnel Portal
Ground Classification Sandstone without mudstone intercalation, good consolidation and cementation. Sandstone/mudstone alternations, with subordinate gravel layers. Sandstone/mudstone alternations, with subordinate gravel layers. Gravel or gravel with lenses/layers of silty sand or sand. Consolidation good. Hammer required for removing gravel components from the face. Gravel with lenses/layers of silty sand, sand, or clay (mudstone). Consolidation poor. Overburden less than 2D (D : diameter of the excavation)
Tunnel construction Supporting system DII type
Deformation control sidegallery temporary invert
NATM 1. : (1). (2). (3). 2.
NATM () 3. ( ) ( ) 5~15 4. 5. ( )
NATM () 6. 7. () 8.
Steel Form Shotcreting
Steel Rib Installation Tunnel Excavation
T B I
~
φ
襯砌龜裂分布裂縫型態 縱向 橫向 斜向 寬度裂縫位置 頂拱 起拱線 施工縫 長度系統性 進展性
骨材外露 ( 施工不良 )
- + - -
滲漏水 (23k+753~25k+070) 縱向裂縫 ( 長度達 10m 以上 / 寬度達 1cm) 位於起拱線, 颱風季節噴湧水
Video GIS
環向 縱向 環向 縱向
邊坡落石及道路坍陷 震後災損異狀
TS 360 系統
TS 360 系統掃描紀錄成果 - 國內案例
(0.1-0.3mm) :5.0-10.0 km/hr : 230,000 pixl
1. 7. 4. 2. 5. 80 6. 3.
Mont Blanc 1999324 11.6 Mont Blanc 6.3 14 11 8
Mont Blanc Flash Over 17 3 327 50 39 400 Mont Blanc 2002 39 20024
Tauern 1999529 Tauern 12 50 6.4 40 Tauern 828
Tauern ( : CNN) Mont Blanc
(CNN) Mont Blanc
(CNN) Mont Blanc
(CNN)
Kitzsteinhorn 20001111 Kitzsteinhorn 11 9:05 161 600 3.2 3 155 12
St. Gotthard 20011024 945 16.9 St. Gotthard ( 24.5 Laerdal ) 11 300 1000 St. Gotthard 20011221
(CNN)
:
7 5 0 m 7 0 0 m 7 5 0 m 3 5 0 m 3 5 0 m 8 5 0 1 1 0 0 m 3 0 0 m 3 8 0 0 1 5 0 0 m 2 0 0 m 1 7 5 m 2 0 0 m 1 5 0 m 5 0 m 1 5 m 2 5 m 5 0 m 2 P I A R C 2 5 0 m 5 0 m 3 0 0 m 1 4 0 0 m 8 0 0 m 1 4 0 0 m 3 5 0 m 4 0 0 m 1 6 0 0 m 2 0 0 m 2 0 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 4 0 2 5 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 2 0 0 m 5 0 m 5 0 m 2 0 0 m 1 0 0 m 2 0 0 m 2
What has been learned
What has been learned
What has been learned
LED
360
400 700 (HGV) 1,000 ( ) ( ) 1,200 ( ) 1,400 () PIARC 1999
Human behavior influencing tunnel safety
Human behavior influencing tunnel safety
Human behavior influencing tunnel safety
( : )