2014(12):46~51 HeilongjiangAgriculturalSciences 3 %CE>Z[ K CBY I, H ( )M, 810016) : (4 Z [, \,; M/X]^ HK * (5M( % 89: :N3P2K2(N326.25kg hm 2,P2O5138kg hm 2,K2O90kg hm 2 ) ;X]^9 U(A)^ c _ 9 ^ -, ^ c -. / N3P2K2 ; X ] ^ B, 61516kg hm 2 ` 217.50kg hm 2 ;,` M ( B 39.31%; a 69kg hm 2 ;,am ( B16.09%; b 45kg hm 2 ;,bm ( B64.67% N3P2K2;* (-, 80.17kg hm 2 mm 1 :\,; Z ;*( ;M( :S532.062 :A!" :1002 2767(2014)12 0046 06 66C17, BN6"# U VDE,PL, <>Z[, >Z[ F "[F[B" [1], A[ C17"#FGLV S KJK, I * B\] #"FGB, C % L O $ L Q [ %C#>O,C c, C * FG& #$%&:2014 04 01 ' : 6$'I*+,-(2012 N 164) <= (: \ (1984 ),,,,+ 236,78@AC $ B 2 3 E mail:yangzh 123@ 163.com N&C* N&C',< F "# =`B\]c 3 %C ( 3<B C"#', H @A H ^ c( a"#@a KK [2],_ X MNBG C& [3],XK,1MNG N&B-: [4], A2 3J3 %C' E>Z[G C B Y,[A>Z[N& CM 1 1.1,-G 2013 c 66 F (1 46 犃狆狆犾犻犮犪狋犻狅狀犈犳犳犲犮狋狅犳犛犻犾犻犮狅狀犉犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犲狉狅狀犚犻犮犲 犣犎犃犖犌犔犲犻, 犆犎犈犖犡狌犲 犾犻, 犆犎犃犖犌犅犲狀 犮犺犪狅, 犌犝犡狌犲 犼犻犪, 犔犐犠犲犻 狇狌狀, 犠犃犖犌犛犺狌犪狀犵, 犠犃犖犌犡犻犪狅 犼狌狀 (InstituteofSoilFertilizerandEnvironmentResource,HeilongjiangAcademyofAgricultural Sciences/KeyLaboratoryofSoilEnvironmentandPlantNutritionofHeilongjiangProvince, Harbin,Heilongjiang150086) 犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋 :Inordertoexplorericespecialfertilizerformula,takingriceasexperimentalmaterials,theapplication efectofthesiliconfertilizerproducedbyinstituteofsoilfertilizerandenvironmentresource,heilongjianga cademyof AgriculturalSciences wasconductedonricein SanjiangInstituteexperimentfield.Theresults showedthattheapplicationofsiliconfertilizerpromotericematurestageinadvanceandincreasethecapability oflodgingresistance.theleafchlorophylcontentincreasedaftertheapplicationofsiliconfertilizer.according totheresultsthattheapplicationofsiliconfertilizerwasbetertotheaccumulationofassimilateandgrainfil ingandthedecreaseofblightedrateresultedinhighyield.compared withconventionalfertilizertreatment, yieldsofsiliconfertilizeriandsilicon Iincreased10.1%and14.5%,respectively. 犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊 :rice;siliconfertilizer;yield ( )=$. ;,_<=)
12 ca:\,; M/X]^* 5M( % +1,- ' V 6P 犜犪犫犾犲 1 犆犺犲犿犻犮犪犾狆狉狅狆犲狉狋犻犲狊狅犳狋犺犲狋犲狊狋犳犻犲犾犱 S /g kg 1 nitrogen S /g kg 1 phosphorus S /g kg 1 potassium / mg kg 1 Alkaline nitrogen c& / mg kg 1 Available phosphorus c& / mg kg 1 Available potassium I/ g kg 1 Organic mater S / g kg 1 salt ph 1.03 1.77 28.21 103 20.2 267 23.25 1.4 8.2 1.2 )* >Z[ G 1.3 1.3.1 F 3414 $,3 -( ),4-,4 =, 2 0%C,2 F << %C,1 2 %C B,3 2%C B 1.5 H( D %C), 15-,60-I,$2-E (I $KL, T LBPQ)%C 2 SF;A7200m 3 hm 2 20%C ( C % T,80% C C 3 % ( A 20%,<IA 30%,A 30%) C: 7 (N46%); 8(N12%,P 2O 546%); J (K 2O57%) +2,- 犜犪犫犾犲 2 犘狅狋犪狋狅犳犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犻狀犵狊犮犺犲犿犲 C /kg hm 2 Amountoffertilizer No. N P2O5 K2O 1(CK) N0P0K0 0 0 0 2 N0P2K2 0 138 90 3 N1P2K2 108.75 138 90 4 N2P0K2 217.50 0 90 5 N2P1K2 217.50 69 90 6( K%C) N2P2K2 217.50 138 90 7 N2P3K2 217.50 207 90 8 N2P2K0 217.50 138 0 9 N2P2K1 217.50 138 45 10 N2P2K3 217.50 138 135 11 N3P2K2 326.25 138 90 12 N1P1K2 108.75 69 90 13 N1P2K1 108.75 138 45 14 N2P1K1 217.50 69 45 2013 4 28&,9 28& I $27m 2, I 5R,R 0.9m, 73500 hm 2,69000 hm 2 1.3.2 O7KLX-. >I N N, A < K [5] ]! @ApH I c& c& S S S S > Z [ K & (WUE) [6] = G / ;C " % & =(%C G - %C G )/ %C ;C [7] = (% C B K-O%C B)/%C ExcelK 2 2.1 ^ _ U V > A? 5 3 [,N 3P 2K 2 %CK %C [MN>Z[N L()[ N [=,X I[ N 3P 2K 2 K K%C(N 2 P 2K 2 ),NMNJ1.68%,L()[ MN J17.14%,I[ X J8.70%,N[=MN J14.75% 47
12 +3 ^_UV6P5 犜犪犫犾犲 3 犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犳犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犲狉狅狀狆狅狋犪狋狅犪犵狉狅狀狅犿犻犮狋狉犪犻狋狊 N/cm Plantheight L()[ Numberofbig (middle)potatoes I[ Numberof smalpotatoes N[=/g Potatoweight perplant N0P0K0(CK) 38.2 2.6 2.4 548 N0P2K2 40.3 2.7 2.3 1010 N1P2K2 50.4 2.9 2.2 1374 N2P0K2 44.3 3.2 2.4 1247 N2P1K2 42.4 3.7 2.5 1371 N2P2K2( K) 53.5 3.5 2.3 1647 N2P3K2 52.6 3.9 2.1 1690 N2P2K0 54.1 2.9 2.4 1268 N2P2K1 52.3 3.5 2.2 1630 N2P2K3 53.7 3.6 2.6 1570 N3P2K2 54.4 4.1 2.1 1890 N1P1K2 51.3 2.6 2.1 1235 N1P2K1 48.9 3.1 2.3 1234 N2P1K1 51.3 3.4 2.5 1413 2.2 ^_UV 5 1 [,E (N 0P 0K 0 )G 31478kg hm 2, ] ( C L K W B % C > Z [ G N % C(N 0P 0K 0 ) c N 3P 2K 2 G 1 M N, 61 516 kg hm 2,K E G 30038kg hm 2, G 95.43%;K K % C(N 2P 2K 2 ) G 6 690 kg hm 2, G 12.20% 1 %CE>Z[G BY Fig.1 Efectofdiferentfertilizersonpotatoyield 2.3 ^_UV " 5 "%&%C G& BV,% C "%& BN 4 [,>Z [ C"%& BLI N 2>N 3>N 1 ;>Z[ C"%& 3 C 7,LI P 2>P 3>P 1 ; C B B%WLY >Z[ C"%& LI K 1>K 2>K 3 48
12 ca:\,; M/X]^* 5M( % +4 ^_UV " 5 犜犪犫犾犲 4 犈犳犳犲犮狋狅犳犱犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犳犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犲狉狅狀犖, 犘, 犓犪犵狉狅狀狅犿犻犮犲犳犳犻犮犻犲狀犮狔狅犳狆狅狋犪狋狅犲狊 G /kg hm 2 C /kg hm 2 "%& /kg kg 1 Yield Fertilizeramount Agronomiceficiency N0P2K2 33735 / / N1P2K2 36795 108.75 28.14 N2P2K2 54825 217.50 96.97 N3P2K2 61515 326.25 85.15 N2P0K2 42690 / / N2P1K2 43920 69 17.83 N2P2K2 54825 138 87.93 N2P3K2 58230 207 75.07 N2P2K0 36525 / / N2P2K1 53385 45 374.67 N2P2K2 54825 90 203.33 N2P2K3 49785 135 98.22 2.4 ^_UV "5 5 [, C BLI % 217.50kg hm 2 (N 2P 2K 2 ) C N, 39.31%;% 69kg hm 2 (N 2P 1K 2 ) CN, 16.09%,CC%B/ X`;%45kg hm 2 (N 2P 2K 1 ) CN, 64.67%,C C%B/ X` +5 ^_UV "5 犜犪犫犾犲 5 犜犺犲犲犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犱犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犳犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犲狉狅狀犖, 犘, 犓狌狊犲犲犳犳犻犮犻犲狀犮狔狅犳狆狅狋犪狋狅 /kg hm 2 %/kg hm 2 C /% Nitrogenabsorption Nitrogenapplication Nitrogeneficiency N0P2K2 508.83 0 / N1P2K2 533.58 108.75 22.76 N2P2K2 594.33 217.50 39.31 N3P2K2 603.18 326.25 28.92 /kg hm 2 Phosphorinabsorption %/kg hm 2 Phosphaticapplication C /% Phosphaticeficiency N2P0K2 145.70 0 / N2P1K2 156.80 69 16.09 N2P2K2 165.81 138 14.57 N2P3K2 174.49 207 13.91 /kg hm 2 Potassiumabsorption %/kg hm 2 Potassiumapplication C /% Potassiumeficiency N2P2K0 483.60 0 / N2P2K1 512.70 45 64.67 N2P2K2 533.85 90 55.83 N2P2K3 553.35 135 51.67 49
12 2.5 ^ _ U V " 5 6 U,N 3P 2K 2 K K ] _ M N,1 M J80.17kg hm 2 mm 1 K +6 "5 E (N 0P 0K 0 ), K MNJ96. 64%;K K%C(N 2P 2K 2 ), K M NJ15.67% 犜犪犫犾犲 6 犈犳犳犲犮狋狅犳犖, 犘, 犓犳犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犲狉狅狀狑犪狋犲狉狌狊犲犲犳犻犮犻犲狀犮狔狅犳狆狅狋犪狋狅 G / kg hm 2 Yield @AM(0~60cm) Soilwaterstorage E /mm /mm Beforesowing Harvest F;A XY /mm Rainfalof growthperiod /mm hm 2 Irrigation amount K / 1 kg hm 2 mm Wateruse eficiency N0P0K0 31485 128.01 177.67 102 720 40.77 N0P2K2 33735 128.01 174.58 102 720 43.50 N1P2K2 36795 128.01 167.71 102 720 47.03 N2P0K2 42690 128.01 170.80 102 720 54.79 N2P1K2 43920 128.01 165.46 102 720 55.98 N2P2K2 54825 128.01 159.01 102 720 69.31 N2P3K2 58230 128.01 166.41 102 720 74.31 N2P2K0 36525 128.01 188.73 102 720 47.98 N2P2K1 53385 128.01 181.73 102 720 69.49 N2P2K3 49785 128.01 187.43 102 720 65.28 N3P2K2 61515 128.01 182.67 102 720 80.17 N1P1K2 36615 128.01 171.93 102 720 47.06 N1P2K1 40425 128.01 189.94 102 720 53.19 N2P1K1 46800 128.01 187.59 102 720 61.38 3 c * 0= V C %MNB,I&MN>Z[BNG I K=`B G E >Z["BPQ,"Y G B <,WO [8] 23 U,3 B " _ X N < 2 3 ] c N 3P 2K 2 (N326.25kg hm 2,P 2O 5138kg hm 2, K 2O90kg hm 2 )%C >Z[N L() [ N[=]_MN,I[ ]_X FO [9] 23 ],3 %C>Z[G 37.31%~47.39% 23 %]J,N 3P 2K 2 G K E G30038kg hm 2, G 95.42%;K K%C G6690kg hm 2, G12.20% NI O [10] 2 3 b, E C B F H K R 30% ~ 35% 10%~20% 30%~50% 23 ]c 3,% 217.50kg hm 2 C N 39.31%;% 69kg hm 2 CN 16.09%;%45kg hm 2 C N 64.67%, % C B, C B / X B ` O O [11] 23],3 G 1 11.1% ~11.9%, K & M N 43.5% ~ 54.6% A23],N 3P 2K 2 K ]_ M N,1 M J80.17kg hm 2 mm 1 K E, K MNJ96.64% ], 3 c>z[ G MN C$B& `F]_B 3,@A >Z [ KKBW(,Ac 23 78: [1] ( [, \, B,O. 6Y>Z[N&%C 23[J]."#$%,2012,39(11):83 85. [2],.,,O.3 "#@A KE>Z[F BY [J]."#%,2004,20(2):66 72. [3] HartzTK,HochmuthGJ.Fertilitymanagementofdrip ir rigated vegetablesv[j].horticultural Technology,1996, 6(3):168 172. [4] N N, N, K,O.3 %CE$%1 G 50
12 ca:\,; M/X]^* 5M( % )BY [J].3C %,2011,17(4): 970 976. [5] P.A " K [M]. : " #,2000:9 110,63 270. [6] <, >,^,O.3 %C' EF G C BY [J]."#%,2012,28(S1):106 111. [7] Q,. R, D.@ A K K &! B K[J].@AC,2000,31(4):150 155. [8] W,, b,o.3 ' E" G BY [J].V "#$',20,19:107 108. [9] F, /,ST?,O.3 %C' c>z[fgh B& 23[J]. >Z[,2009,23(6):321 324. [10] NI,U A.# C 3 ) % C M N C [J].3C %,1998,4(3):219 223. [11] O,,.,O. E K >!BY [J]." # %,2010,26(8): 67 72. 犈犳犲犮狋狅狀犠犪狋犲狉犝狊犲犈犳犻犮犻犲狀犮狔犪狀犱犉犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犲狉犝狋犻犾犻狕犪狋犻狅狀犚犪狋犲狅犳犘狅狋犪狋狅狅犳犇犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犉犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犲狉犜狉犲犪狋犿犲狀狋狊犝狀犱犲狉犇狉犻狆犐狉狉犻犵犪狋犻狅狀 犣犎犃犖犌犢犪狀犵, 犣犎犃犖犌犚狅狀犵 (SoilandFertilizerInstitute,QinghaiAcademyofAgriculturalForestrySciences,Xining, Qinghai810016) 殏 殏 犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋 :Inordertoexploreanew wayofagriculturaldevelopmentinaridarea,theefectofdiferentfertilizer treatmentsonpotatoyield,yieldcomponents,wateruseeficiency,andfertilizerutilizationrateunderdrip irri gationwasresearched.theresultsshowedthatplantheight,numberofbig(middle)potatoandpotatoweight perplantincreasedsignificantlyandthe numberofsmalpotato decreased obviously under N3 P2 K2 (N 326.25kg hm 2,P2O5138kg hm 2,K2O90kg hm 2 )treatment.potatoyieldreachedthehighestlevelunder N3P2K2treatmentwhichwas61516kg hm 2.ApplicationNof217.50kg hm 2 wasthehighestutilizationrate ofnitrogenwhichwas39.31%.applicationpof69kg hm 2 wasthehighestutilizationrateofphosphatewhich was16.09%.applicationkof45kg hm 2 wasthehighestutilizationrateofpotashfor64.67%.wateruseef ficiencywasobviouslyimprovedundern3p2k2treatmentandreached80.17kg hm 2 mm 2. 犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊 :drip irrigation;aridregion;waterusee ficiency; fertilizerutilizationrate 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪殏 V "#$%& " "$&H2V & /2 V "#$%&97W23 X F "#$%& <23 0 "#$%&F K& & b "#$%& K& & _ "#$%&K& & D "#Z#%& & Y "#I R " + % V > #I #I _ "#Z#' %& +&!"# #I -8 5 V F $'Z#%& & "# 6 F " $2; $2 Z [ "#Z#' %& & Z#%& & /S \] "#$%23 ^ _"#' 23 F 6 Z&`23 "#$%23 6 PP #I " $%&23 " L%"%& & F "#' PP"# %J J < 殏 51