A study on the Animal Husbandry Economy in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties
10384 B200102007 UDC A study on the Animal Husbandry Economy in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties 2004 7 2004 8 2004 2004 8
2004 7 27
I
Abstract Abstract The Tang Dynasty was prosperous politically, economically as well as culturally with great popularity both at home and abroad. Authorities in the Tang Dynasty paid much attention to animal husbandry run by the government and set up comprehensive administrative organs under the central supervision of Taipu Temple, Shang Shu Jia Administration and Shang Cheng Bureau. Among them, Taipu Temple possessed a complete set of managerial system with the administrative personnel of overseeing servant, overseer, overseeing officer, overseeing director and herdsman. To ensure the healthy and orderly development of animal husbandry, the Tang Dynasty laid down a set of regulations for husbandry officials named Jiu Mu Command together with Jiu Mu Law to punish all that had violated the regulations. During more than the first century of the Tang Dynasty, the official husbandry achievement developed on an unprecedented scale. The official husbandry locally administered was also smoothly operated. From the end of Tang Dynasty through Five Dynasties, the focus of official husbandry was removed to the localities. Private-operated husbandry flourished with the individual farmers the principle part. Breeding of large domestic animals was side by side with farming. The industry of poultry and livestock breeding acted as the sideline of farming with characteristic vitality in various geographical conditions. The development of animal husbandry resulted in the improvement of relevant breeds and technologies during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. Lots of breeds were introduced from abroad and nurtured both officially and privately. A number of technologies were created in husbandry and veterinary medicine. In all, the vigorous development of animal husbandry in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties guaranteed from the material perspective a good supply of politics, economy, military affairs, etc. It goes without saying that husbandry, an indispensable industry in feudal socioeconomic structure, cooperated harmoniously with farming, handicraft, trade, etc. with encouraging progress. Key Words: Tang Dynasty Five Dynasties Animal Husbandry Economy II
III 1 2 17 23 24 32 47 60 66 67 82 94 94 100 127 144 144 164 183 191
191 207 212 213 224 224 238 253 279 IV
Contents Chapter I Introduction 1 1. An analysis of animal husbandry economy as a whole in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties 2 2. Retrospection and design of the study on animal husbandry economy in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties 17 Chapter II Management of animal husbandry in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties 23 1. Central regulative bodies of animal husbandry during the Tang Dynasty 24 2. Jian Mu as the local regulative body of animal husbandry during the Tang Dynasty 32 3. Regulations of herds in animal husbandry 47 4. Status and obligations of herdsmen in animal husbandry 60 Chapter III Decrees of animal husbandry in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties 66 1. Decrees of animal husbandry in the Tang Dynasty 67 2. Other decrees of animal husbandry 82 Chapter IV Development of animal husbandry run by the government in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties 94 V
Contents 1. A survey of the development of animal husbandry at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty 94 2. Local animal husbandry at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty with the illustration of Xi Zhou 100 3. Local animal husbandry under separatist vassal regimes 127 Chapter V Private animal husbandry in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties (I) 144 1. Local horse-keeping industry 144 2. Private horse-keeping industry 164 3. Local donkey-and- mule keeping industry 183 Chapter VI Private animal husbandry in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties(II) 191 1. Local private stock-raising industry 191 2. Local pig-keeping industy 207 3. Local dog keeping 212 4. local poultry keeping 213 Chapter VII Improvement of stock breeds and husbandry techniques 224 1 Improvement of stock breeds 224 2 Improvement of husbandry techniques 238 Appendix 253 Bibliography 279 VI
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