;54 ;1 ( ' ) Vol.54 No.1 2015 1 JournalofXiamenUniversity (NaturalScience) Jan.2015 doi:10.6043/j.issn.0438 0479.2015.01.011 RSTU V ; &! Y,,, Z,@ [,2\] ( 8+ =,>^ E G,Y7,>^ 361102) ; : ( 犕狔犮犪犾犲狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 )'>^,E > M, L V,? ( # K # / @ EL. A,X * R A, @ A C 7,Z C,@A / '. 9 C ;, Q /. 9 C ;,' ;.'/ 20,' 22,. 0.156m/s, 20 10 4 ml -1 C R. C,8 G?, Q Y7 E A Y. : ; C ; 7; G 9 + <: S968.9 #=>?@: A #A'<: 0438 0479 (2015)01 0059 05 D *L (Porifera),?R D[ \ *L,%A 10000~15000, 5000 [1].? * L,K, 1cm 3 '9 V P 75%~99% Z 1L C [2 3]. O F # E L GU < <D ] PN @A.Fu [4] @A ' A. X, Q 4 ( 犎狔犿犲狀犻犪犮犻犱狅狀狆犲狉犾犲狏犲 )9 ( 犈狊犮犺犲狉犻犮犺犻犪犮狅犾犻 )Z 7 ( 犞犻犫狉犻狅犪狀犵狌犻犾犪狉狌犿 ) 1. D @ A,? EL,F + E + S C - L + S L, 8 E, E [5]. C [ F 1 E,N C Z 9 G.Thomassen [6] 9 犎犪犾犻犮犺狅狀犱狉犻犪狆犪狀犻犮犲犪 C G 8E>.@A, C 8E >,_ C <,E> <. C G E L ;, C / V E L ' ph : Z 7 C.. C? A Q,N @A C Z * E > R G, * W < A 8 #. Z?@A=?N A' C, [ G,O 10~30dA, E>,X R R A. & D,,W < > 3 A ;,> A A ^ F 9 G S;8, :, EL #? E> @A. Z X, @ A N C +,@ A. / Z7' 9 ( 犕狔 犮犪犾犲狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 ) C ;,N C R G, W< A 1 &. 1 P 1 1 IJ Y7 ^>^,Y7 E 5cm 3 BCD :2014 03 10 E:D :2014 08 14 ) : P ) ` @ (201309007); ` 1 (3502Z20133001); b @ A (13GYY002NF07) :dxwang@xmu.edu.cn F#GH:+TT,,@,. C 7 8 ; @ A[J]. J:^ _ `,2015,54(1): 59 63. 犆犻狋犪狋犻狅狀 :XiangBingbing,HuangDan,OU Huilong,etal.Influencefactorsonthefiltrationrateofredsponge 犕狔犮犪犾犲狆犺狔犾狅 狆犺犻犾犪 [J].JournalofXiamenUniversity:NaturalScience,2015,54(1):59 63.(inChinese)
60 J(^_` ) 2015, P G Y 7 (. 2 '^_ A.15~20d U,T > ( H ' PVC 2,\ Y7 C Y7. Y7 G )I 3. 1 2 IJ P 1.2.1 W X/ A / Y/ / C 7 1. 1 C 7 Tab.1 Factorslevelsoffiltrationrateof 犕. 狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 C A/ B C/(m s -1 ) D/10 4 ml -1 1 20 22 0.055 4.0 2 25 26 0.106 12 3 30 30 0.156 20 : A./ ;B.' ;C.. ;D., [. 0.45μm 4 _ C C Y7 C, 5 C 8' C '.,N C. a I 2L )I, I 1? P$/01 2 Y7 ; G) I ' 5 CJ C ;.20 /,25 S25 ; C-6,30 S30 ; C,C $/ ;0 1 ;. (! 6 9,LS CM1).8h U, G ) I RW. 1 2 2 8 P C (filtrationrate)? 0 EL C,Y7 ZE (clearancerate)_ 0 C V L E L % E C C. ^ C,_ C = ( 犞 / 狑狋 ) ln( 犮 0/ 犮狋 ). 犮 0 犮狋 0 狋, 犞 ) I C, 狑 V, 狋 Y 7 & [7]. )I,8hU 2 )I, 7 U %,,1 EL. 2 IJQR O 8hY7, G RW, Q 2 3.N 9 7^ 989 Z : 2 C 7 Q Tab.2 Resultsoforthogonaltestof 犕. 狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 filterrate C A/ B C/(m s -1 ) D/(10 4 ml -1 ) W / (10 4 ml -1 ) V / g C / (L g -1 h -1 ) 1 20 22 0.055 4.0 0.8 0.6523 0.1542 2 20 26 0.106 12 4.0 0.6175 0.1112 3 20 30 0.156 20 4.4 0.4468 0.2118 4 25 22 0.106 20 4.7 0.3807 0.2377 5 25 26 0.156 4.0 0.8 0.4957 0.2029 6 25 30 0.055 12 4.0 0.5713 0.1202 7 30 22 0.156 12 4.0 0.6643 0.1034 8 30 26 0.055 20 5.0 0.5753 0.1506 9 30 30 0.106 4.0 0.8 0.7590 0.1325 犓 1 0.4772 0.4953 0.4250 0.4896 犓 2 0.5608 0.4647 0.4814 0.3348 犓 3 0.3865 0.4645 0.5181 0.6001 犽 1 0.1591 0.1651 0.1417 0.1632 犽 2 0.1869 0.1549 0.1605 0.1116 犽 3 0.1288 0.1548 0.1727 0.2000 犚 0.0581 0.0103 0.0310 0.0884 : 犓 1~ 犓 3 C C ; 犽 1~ 犽 3 C C :; 犚 9. 犺狋狋狆 : 犼狓犿狌. 狓犿狌. 犲犱狌. 犮狀
;1 +TT : C 78 ; @A 61 3 7 Q9 Tab.3 Analysisofvarianceforthefilterrateof 犕. 狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 + 9 ^ 9 犉 : 犉 a C A 0.005 2 0.003 24.188 犉 0.01(2,4)=18 B 0.0002 2 0 犉 0.05(2,4)=6.944 - C 0.001 2 0.001 7 犉 0.1(2,4)=4.325 D 0.012 2 0.006 56.526 犉 0.25(2,4)=2 犲 0.0023 2 0 0.019 : ; ;-. 1)'a ; C C, C R? A2 B1 C3 D3,_ C/ 25,' 22,. 0.156m/ s, 20 10 4 ml -1, C R ; 2) 9 C ;, 9 犚 =0.0884 4G R,8 C :, 9 C ; 8 5 ; 3)/ 9 C ;, '3G/,25 C R, 8 R E>/?24~27, G/ 2 ; /,XR ; C ; 4)'Y7MN, G. ' 9 C ;>:, 8 C M: # V..,'a ; C C, 9 C ; R, ; U : > / >. >'. ^Y7 Q / 25,' 22,. 0.156 m/s, 20 10 4 ml -1, C R,? Y 7 MN 9 E>R. 3 S "? ; E L E, B 9EL C [ ; [8].@A 20 10 4 ml -1 C > 4.0 10 4 ml -1 C > 12 10 4 ml C, 8 C :,8? 9 C ;, @A G ;R. [9] 9 ( 犆狔犮犾犻狀犪狊犻狀犲狀狊犻狊 ) C @A#, C,8 80 10 4 L -1, C M. Y7 Q + 7 8 QB,_ C 8 *..[,` B R B 8 * L R B 9, F8 * L% " C R`B G C. Q, MN `B,? G+SL$ EL. @A / '20,25 30, C C / + +. D @ A Q * L C ' G R /,' `B C C / +, R C ' /, Schulte [10] @A `( 犕狔狋犻犾狌狊犲犱狌犾犻狊 ) C R /? 15~25,Aldridge [11] @ A ` ( 犇狉犲犻狊犲狀犪狆狅犾狔犿狅狉狆犺犪 ) R / 20~24.Risgard [12] 9 犎. 狆犪狀犻犮犲犪 C @A,'6~15,/ < C <,# % 2 10 K (X 3 30 ml/(g min)).@a / X20 25 C 8 Risgard [12] @ A Q, F / Z *,X R C.8J M N U > @ N + 7,b DF G +, 2 /,XR C. R / 24~27, / X 25 30, F? 30 J E R /,
62 J(^_` ) 2015 C +. Y7 3 G C C. Y. 0.055, 0.106 0.156m/s, ' A A C. 67,. ^_ C..C. Q,C. * LV -, 2 ^, *, 2 C ;C. Q,C L V? Z,8?., F P L V, R. L V N,# % [ N c, F C,? [13].Y7,0.05~0.15 m/s. 9 C ; 7 7 /, F8 +. (, @O 2 M,R 9 6m,C. [14]. M N. +, Y7MN. 9 C ; 7 /.Z Q,' C. + - A, Z ac. ;,8?9. + -,,.?95 E>,'\ A +, D a C 8.R X >? : +,$ +*. ' 1 C A GG @,8 A * L - 4 E > # c.,roberts [15] '9 ( 犆狔犿犫犪狊狋犲犾犪犮狅狀犮犲狀狋狉犻犮犪 )@ A #' 2 E> 7 /. ( `( 犘犲狉狀犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊 ) [16] ' D ( 犘犪狆犺犻犪狌狀 犱狌犾犪狋犪 ) [17] C 8' ' MN,' <, C <.Y7,3G' MN?^_ ',8?'Y7 C 8', F?88 8 [ ; RU C. Z, / 9 *L C ;,. ;,8 ' ;.'/ 20,' 22,. 0.156m/s, 20 10 4 ml -1, C R. D G 9 C ;, Z C 9 G? R. _`#=: [1] <,,),. EL LV7 [\ I @A[J].EL< J,2002,18(1):10 15. [2] Reiswig H M.Particlefeedinginnaturalpopulationsof three marinedemosponges[j].thebiologicalbuletin, 1971,141(3):568 591. [3] Reiswig H M.Bacteriaasfoodfortemperate waterma rinesponges[j].canadianjournalofzoology,1975,53 (5):582 589. [4] FuW,SunL,ZhangX,etal.Potentialofthemarinesponge 犎狔犿犲狀犻犪犮犻犱狅狀狆犲狉犾犲狏犲 asabioremediatorofpathogenicbac teriainintegratedaquacultureecosystems[j].biotechnology andbioengineering,2006,93(6):1112 1122. [5] 3,,. E L 7 8 ' C A [J]. `,2009,30(3):135 138. [6] ThomassenS,Risgdrd H U.Growthandenergeticsof thesponge 犎犪犾犻犮犺狅狀犱狉犻犪狆犪狀犻犮犲犪 [J].Marine Ecology ProgressSeries,1995,128:239 246. [7] JogensenCB,LarsenPS,MuhlenbergF,etal.Themus selpump:propertiesand modeling[j].marine Ecology ProgressSeries,1988,45:205 216. [8] T3,^!. `B C [J]. C @A,2005,1(2):86 92. [9],,,. [ B7 9 C ;[J].,2008,30(1):92 96. [10] SchulteE H.Influenceofalgalconcentrationandtem peratureonthefiltrationrateof 犕狔狋犻犾狌狊犲犱狌犾犻狊 [J].Ma rinebiology,1975,30(3):31 41. [11] AldridgeD W,PayneBS,MilerAC.Oxygenconsump tion,nitrogenousexcretion,andfiltrationratesof 犇狉犲犻狊 狊犲狀犪狆狅犾狔犿狅狉狆犺犪 atacclimationtemperaturesbetween 20and32 [J].CanadianJournalofFisheriesandA quaticsciences,1995,52(8):1761 1767. [12] RisgardH U,ThomassenS,Jakobsen H,etal.Suspen sion feedingin marinesponges 犎犪犾犻犮犺狅狀犱狉犻犪狆犪狀犻犮犲犪 and 犎犪犾犻犮犾狅狀犪狌狉犮犲狅犾狌狊 efectsoftemperatureonfiltra tion rateandenergycostofpumping[j].marineecolo gyprogressseries,1993,96(2):177 188. [13],,,.' 9 & E D#c ; [J]. C = J, 1994,16(2):10 15. [14] > C 2. (; )[M]. F:,1993. [15] RobertsD E,Davis A R,CumminsS P.Experimental manipulationofshade,silt,nutrientsandsalinityonthe temperatereefsponge 犆狔犿犫犪狊狋犲犾犪犮狅狀犮犲狀狋狉犻犮犪 [J].Ma rineecologyprogressseries,2006,307:143 154. [16] (, >./,'! 9 ( ` C ;[J]. `,2000,24(6):36 39. [17] a, O,,.',pH 9 ' D 犺狋狋狆 : 犼狓犿狌. 狓犿狌. 犲犱狌. 犮狀
;1 +TT : C 78 ; @A 63 ( 犘犪狆犺犻犪狌狀犱狌犾犪狋犲 ) C ;[J]. N J,2009, 28(2):23 27. 犐狀犳犾狌犲狀犮犲犉犪犮狋狅狉狊狅狀狋犺犲犉犻犾狋狉犪狋犻狅狀犚犪狋犲狅犳犚犲犱犛狆狅狀犵犲犕狔犮犪犾犲狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 XIANGBing bing,huangdan,ou Hui long,zhu Hong mei, CHENZi dong,wangde xiang (FujianProvincialKeyLaboratoryforCoastalEcologyandEnvironmentalStudies, ColegeofOcean & EarthSciences,XiamenUniversity,Xiamen361102,China) 犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋 : Theredsponge 犕狔犮犪犾犲狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪,widelydistributedalongthecoastofFujianprovince,hasahighgrowthrateanda bundantbiomass.accordingtotherecentstudy,thisspongehasbeenregardedasthemostimportantandpotentialsourcesofbio medicalindustry.dynamicchangesofthephysiologicalstateofspongescanbereflectedbythescaleandvelocityoffiltration,which isstronglyinfluencedbyenvironmentalandbiologicalfactors.todeterminehowthefiltrationrateof 犕. 狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 wasinfluenced byenvironmentalfactors,anorthogonalexperimentwithfourfactorsandthreelevelswasdesigned,usingthetechniqueofcontroling certainwatertemperature,salinity,watervelocity,andfooddensity.theresultsshowedthatwatertemperature,velocity,andfood densityhadsignificantefectsonthefiltrationrate,whilesalinityafectedthefiltrationrateinsignificantly.thefiltrationrateof 犕. 狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 reacheditspeakwhenwatertemperaturewas20,velocitywas0.156m/s,salinitywas22,andfooddensitywas20 10 4 ml -1.Therefore,spongeswouldbeintheirfavoriteexternalenvironmentsundertheabovegrowthconditions,whichcouldbeap pliedtofurtherexperimentsandtheproductionpractice. 犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊 : 犕狔犮犪犾犲狆犺狔犾狅狆犺犻犾犪 ;filtrationrate;orthogonalexperiment;environmentfactors