254 20188 ResearchofSoiland WaterConservation Vol.25,No.4 Aug.,2018 = (./ 1, / 2,3,F=G 1,HIJ KLM 1,NO 2,3,-> 1 (1.`O, ` 7 712100;2.Q$I Gb 4@ \F$%)*, ` 7 712100;3.Q$I,O 100049) 0 1:#4RS @,&./,A_0 N 0 L Z, 20135 20144 Q Z4 =>(( ` ` ) 0 500cm B@ G _ :(1)( @ 'FG ` `( 狆 <0.05) (L@' ;, ` ` C; : ;_ S ;(2)500cm B,(@ ` ` 4 => @ C(, ) _B;(3)['Z 0 200cm _@' F`a,200 500cm @ '?,_RS ; @ '_,( @' Z?, B ;&,@ ' Z?, B ['_ 6 Z _ @ '_ GBY9B, _`a B"7B@ 'Z[ Z _a :;@ ;[; 23:S152.7 45678:A 49:3:1005 3409(2018)04 0060 05 犐犿狆犪犮狋狊狅犳犞犲犵犲狋犪狋犻狅狀犜狔狆犲狊狅狀犛狅犻犾犠犪狋犲狉犇犻狊狋狉犻犫狌狋犻狅狀狊犻狀犔狅犲狊犎犻犾狔犚犲犵犻狅狀 L Du 1,YANG Yahui 2,3,ZHAO Wenhui 1,Muretijiang Abula 1,LINPengfei 2,3,ZHANG Xiaoping 1 (1. 犐狀狊狋犻狋狌狋犲狅犳犛狅犻犾犪狀犱犠犪狋犲狉犆狅狀狊犲狉狏犪狋犻狅狀, 犖狅狉狋犺狑犲狊狋犃牔犉犝狀犻狏犲狉狊犻狋狔, 犢犪狀犵犾犻狀犵, 犛犺犪犪狀狓犻 712100, 犆犺犻狀犪 ; 2. 犛狋犪狋犲犓犲狔犔犪犫狅狉犪狋狅狉狔狅犳犛狅犻犾犈狉狅狊犻狅狀犪狀犱犇狉狔犾犪狀犱犉犪狉犿犻狀犵狅狀狋犺犲犔狅犲狊犘犾犪狋犲犪狌, 犐狀狊狋犻狋狌狋犲狅犳犛狅犻犾犪狀犱犠犪狋犲狉犆狅狀狊犲狉狏犪狋犻狅狀, 犆犃犛牔犕犠犚, 犢犪狀犵犾犻狀犵, 犛犺犪犪狀狓犻 712100, 犆犺犻狀犪 ;3. 犝狀犻狏犲狉狊犻狋狔狅犳犆犺犻狀犲狊犲犃犮犪犱犲犿狔狅犳犛犮犻犲狀犮犲狊, 犅犲犻犼犻狀犵 100049, 犆犺犻狀犪 ) 犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋 :Inordertounderstandtheefectsofvegetationonsoilwatercontentandinvestigatetheeco hydrologicalprocesses,fourvegetationtypes (grassland, 犎犻狆狆狅狆犺犪犲狉犺犪犿狀狅犻犱犲狊 L., 犘犻狀狌狊狋犪犫狌犾犻犳狅狉犿犻狊 Carr.,mixedforestof 犎犻狆狆狅狆犺犪犲狉犺犪犿狀狅犻犱犲狊 L.and 犘犻狀狌狊狋犪犫狌犾犻犳狅狉犿犻狊 Carr.)infourrunofplotswere investigatedin Wangdong Watershed,Changwu County,ShaanxiProvince.Neutron moisture meter was usedtoestimatethesoilwatercontentalong0 500cmsoilprofileinahydrologicalyearfrom May2013to April2014.Theresultsshowedthat:(1)theaveragesoilwatercontentunderthenaturalgrasswassignifi cantlyhigherthanthatintheotherthreevegetationtypes,whileitdidnotshowsignificantdiferenceamong thevegetationtypeswith 犎犻狆狆狅狆犺犪犲狉犺犪犿狀狅犻犱犲狊 L., 犘犻狀狌狊狋犪犫狌犾犻犳狅狉犿犻狊 Car.and mixedforestof 犎犻狆狆狅狆犺犪犲狉犺犪犿狀狅犻犱犲狊 L.and 犘犻狀狌狊狋犪犫狌犾犻犳狅狉犿犻狊 Carr.;theaveragesoilwatercontentunderthenaturalgrassshowed theincreasingtrendinthesoilprofile,whileundertheotherthreevegetationtypesitshowedoutthe reverseds shape;(2)ingeneral,thesoilwatercontentsinthe0 500cmsoilprofileunderthenaturalgrass and 犘犻狀狌狊狋犪犫狌犾犻犳狅狉犿犻狊 Carr.weremorestablewithsmalervariationcoeficientsthanthatunderthe 犎犻狆狆狅狆犺犪犲狉犺犪犿狀狅犻犱犲狊 L.andthe mixedforest;foralthefourvegetationtypes,theaveragesoilwatercontentsin springand winter weresignificantlydiferent withthoseinsummerandautumn;soilwatershowedthe accumulativeefectinspringandwinterandthedepletingefectinsummerandautumn;(3)rainfalhada significantlyefectonsoilwatercontentin0 200cmsoilprofile,however,thisefecttendedtodisappearin the200 500cm soildepth;itisvariousthatvegetationtypesenhancedthediscrepancy ofsoil water storage.theconclusionsareasfolows.soilwatercontentunderthenaturalgrasslandwashigherandless :2017 06 06 :2017 09 10 :$%&'"#(41230852,41440012,41101265) : (1992 ),, ``,., E mail:lvdu1992@sina.com : I(1971 ),,M 2,,,<=>?L N4 E mail:zhangxp@ms.iswc.ac.cn
4 :40[LRSZ@ `a 61 variable,whileundershrubandarbortreesitwaslowerandmorevariable.thechangeofsoilwatercontent showedthecoincidenttrendunderprecipitationinputandtemperaturealterationalongthesoilprofileand overthetime,theefectofvegetationtypessignifiedtheobviousresponseofsoilwatercontenttoprecipitationand temperatureonthebasisofconsistency. 犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊 :forestry;soilwatercontent;precipitation;vegetationtypes @4 A. +./01 ) _<=R\ [1], @ H _ CVQ)=_, F@ \\ J_4 [2 3] 4)*0[_" @,\ \_45 ], @ \ \+ _)= [4] `a @ _<= [5] [ [6] [7] 4L,0[,( W 50m),, W ],<4@ _ 9 `a ] &* [8] >Z 496 &Q L, [9] @ Q3,:@G @ G @ ; K [10] # 4 @ b_ & F ( _ 4 ; [11] M+ V PRS => @ ' _ + C: = > %, @(0 20cm)_ '% ;=>Z 0 40cm @ '_`a? F, _ ;,&Z@ '`a N, = [12], O 0 N _ ] : @ '89 C Q, _ ; F; [13] QN BK_<7Z@ _`ac,&,g,_`ac, GZB@ Q FG`a [14] 4ZRS_@ Q+C, W (,. Z@? _ [8] 0_+C, B,@ '_ 9 CB<= C R S9, R 89 _,LB, =>Y@ _Z ;$,G RS=> _./, V WRSY _./ G_0N RS=>Y_ N L,@ ' @B_, RS @ '_, L./ 1 _0N (O a 35 14,_ 107 41 )T 4Q b_ ` %_, 940~1220m ZP B [, 584 mm, Z 9.1,2004 2008 Z 1,G R 171d, 50~80 m [15] P B @,N \ 0 - +CB_ T?1 ; > 2004-2008BCE 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 Z / 17.0 20.5 21.8 20.2 15.1 9.3 3.3-2.6-5.1-0.7 6.0 12.5 2004, N ` 1150m _& 'BE 9L &Q( ` `48 BLQ B_4 LZ `( 犎犻狆狆狅 狆犺犪犲狉犺犪犿狀狅犻犱犲狊 L.) ( 犘犻狀狌狊狋犪犫狌犾犻犳狅狉犿犻狊 Carr.) 4 @ [16 17] L Q 5`100m 2 (20m 5m),35 L 3.,( : ( [ 犅狅狋犺狉犻狅犮犺犾狅犪犻狊犮犺犪犲犿狌犿 (L.) Keng] ( ( 犃狉狌狀犱犻狀犲犾犪犪狀狅犿犪犾犪 Steud.) 7( 犘犪狋狉犻狀犻犪犺犲狋犲狉狅狆犺狔犾犪 ) @ ( ( 犘狅狋犲狀狋犻犾犪犱犻狊犮狅犾狅狉 Bge.) U ( 犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪狏狌犾犵犪狉犻狊 ) ( [ 犔犲狔犿狌狊狊犲犮犪犾犻狀狌狊 (Georgi) Tzvel.] N L_" 332?2 ; >? = /( ) / m m /cm / > / % % ( 35 44.6 70 ` 35 1 1 191.8 74 35 1 1 244.7 62.5 65 ` 35 1 1 317 82 40 2 2.1 ( CNC503DR Q Q ^S SY Q30 60cm -
62 25 [S : D!@.',X Q, @ ' Q _J Q _^S, 816,1129 Z _^: 狔 =88.74 狓 -1.184 (816) (1) 狔 =57.136 狓 -6.003 (1129) (2) LQ: 狔 @ ' (%); 狓 Q ^S8 5m,B: 30, 1m - 10cm,',1 5 m 20cm,' Y 9 2013 5 2014 4 G 11 12 1 4,,5 6 Y9,7 10 10d,, [ ; Q,, W,: <10 LQ3 Q,Q * @ '* 犻 犽 Y9 犼 _ 犻, 犼, θ 犽 @ ' 犽 Y_ θ 犽 * 犻 Y_ θ 犻, Q B L_@ ',&!L: 犖犻犖犼犖犻 犖犼犻 =1 θ 犽 = 1 犖犽犖犼犖犽 犖犼犽 =1 θ 犻 = 1 犼 =1 θ 犻犼犽 (3) 犼 =1 θ 犻犼犽 (4) LQ: 犖犻 L Q _ * -; 犖犼 @, ;N 犽 @' 2.2 (@> U_@ '!L: 犛犽 =10 犺 θ 犽 (5) LQ: 犛犽 犽 @ ' (mm); 犺 9 (cm);θ 犽 犽 @ '(%) - _ @ '@ ' ;<7 SPSS18.0FGB,G Excel 2013A\ 3 3.1 AB' ( >-CM, Y -ZRS=> _@ ',1 AU(,RS=> C (,0 10cm 'C,9%~10%,? _ [18], @_??,;B@' B?, _ R )W&]Z'_`a, F_ 4 10 20cm @ ' B,20 500cm C! ;_ RS9,0 20cm @ R, 20 500cm B,( @' F&, G B _ ;;,1 Z L_ ^+C,4 Y, (L 6 7C,H2~3cm 6 7_ A@ _ + [19],SY(?, @ 1 AB'2013 5-2014 4 ( >C-MN ``G B@ R, S,150 400cm B, F `` ^+C, ` => C,H 7 74%,S Y 3~8 m [20], \?,> ; Z _G) @ '_ % @ ' %\?," 8 @ ' % [21] & BCF@BC 4 [4] K ] : <0.1, ;0.1~1, Q; 1Y, [22] -RSB@ ' B2 4 RS=>B@ ' Q,C(;, _ 0 100cm -@ ' BC,100cm A T @ B@ _ B,[BC(' Y) S, ( ` RS _ B < = 4 [23] >G B U,( B @ Z, B, `` B@B (?,,,Z@ _? `.^,=>,, 7B. AB,Z@ _`a? [24] 3.2 AB ( - DMN -RS@ '_ 3 [ ] ` a,r S@ 'C(!QBB 20137@ '? ;,AU(,F170mm [' 6 4
4 :40[LRSZ@ `a 63 8 9 [' :,@' 2013 11 2014 2, _?,CBB B 8 _ 4,_T' [25], A ['_X,L :' XX,;B < QZ CY ( 1),67,,.A!, @ " 3 4 Z B,O V. +,@ : 1AU(,RS_ @ 'F ' X Z. 4, @ ' TBR F _,@ ', @ ') F A_.A 4 Z?, MA?, ' < < = [ X (210.4 mm), @'C,@ _) X Z?," YC.,,G M,;B[ _XX,@ '?,X ),@ <A 3 E (BC >-MN 2 2013 5-2014 4 C( >MG 2 ' 3 AU(,@ 'F 4 ( L @ ' 16.72% ~ 20.86%!,19.14%,& 'FG `( 狆 <0.05), FG ` ( 狆 <0.01) ` ` 3_@ 'RFG G B>20135 2 _< (C @ ':( >> `> ` R S_Q RS,&) 6_@RS, Z,,( _8@ ' '& _<=4 RS Z[R '_RS8 @ _4 &? _ Q, R ' (, Q ` _?, &@ 'C_4 [ AM_`a,@ ' _B A )@ ) [9] (3 5 ) (6 8 ) (9 11 ) (12 2)4,ZRS _@ 'Y,4 @ ' _,4 4,RS => _@ ',C(,,`, &a W 4 AB'BC ( >- D,MN 3.3 <=(@>./- K [ )*L@ _V, @ B ] ^,RS,@ Q Z[_a_ [26], [27] ^S Z4@,( : ] 200cm AB%,200 250cm,250 cma A200cm R, 2013 61; 98;:100d-@ 'F[' 4 _; 5 0 200cm B,@ 'F['_B,SY@ ' Z TB [28],R + PN `a,@ '_ [' 200 500cm B,@' ; B_C<,F['4 R F, [_Z @'`a? 5 AU(,0 500cm B4 RS =>@ ' " ( 'C,,8, ``
64 25 "S,[' `a@ 'Y9B _<= ],=>_`a,8 5 2013 6-9(@>MN 4 (1)_ ;,(L@ ;, ` ` S ;,@/, & ; ` _;B@ _ B (2)0 500cm -,(L@ ' - C 4 L C ( @ '?, '?_C, C(/ ) RS_ (3) 200cm -@' [ '`a?,200 500cm @'? RS_ +;&B 45: [1],,.4L @ 9 B[J].,2012,23(3):310 316. [2], b,> =,. L R S G L @ X _ 9 B [J]. W, 2006,22(12):65 71. [3],,7.@F5 [J].,1999,10(3):311 317. [4] E.@ Y _ [D].O : Q$I,2013. [5],,,.J` L" _@ [J].@,2007,44(3):411 417. [6],8, Y. )*L N./ _ a [J].Q $. /,2005,13(2): 155 157. [7] WangZ,LiuB,Zhang Y.Soilmoistureofdiferent vegetationtypesontheloessplateau[j].journalof GeographicalSciences,2009,19(6):707 718. [8],, M. )*0[L@ 9`a[J].. /,2012,32(16): 4961 4968. [9],. L!. / @ Y _F56[J].,1996,32(4):289 297. [10] K,,7. 4 @ _ 9 &F (_4 [J].(,2004,13(6): 14 20. [11],,5,. V PRS =>@ _ [J].L3 F01,2009,23(12):161 166. [12] =,, c. 4 @ @ 9 _B[J].W,2005,21(8): 11 16. [13],8,. ) * L N @ Y [J]../,2008,19(6):1241 1247. [14],,,.J` 4 0[LRS @!/[J].,2006,13 (6):65 68. [15]. _0 N R S Y @ N!/[D]. `7 :`O,2011. [16] 7 =,(, 0. 4 8 G [J]../,2006,26(2):558 565. [17] #,,;,.4]^ _ R B [J]. W,2014,30 (19):146 154. [18] %,, K,.4RS G @ ' _ P B F ` a ] [J].. /, 2017,37(6):2045 2053. [19],,_,.6 7 _ 5 6 [J].,1998,4(2): 23 28. [20] >C,(,. 4 L ` BF@!/[J]. K,1990,10 (6):98 103. [21],,[%,. O L@ [J]../01,2012,21(2):253 259. [22], c,. @ A [M].O : (,2006. [23] 7R,,,. R V,.R S Z @BC` a :A _ 0 N $ [J]. K,2016,36(1):249 252. [24] I9,,,.40[L@ _(I):@ _Q [J].`OI,2003,18(4):13 16. [25] 7. 'F ' ''B [J].,1992,3(2):136 141. [26]!,., #7,. `K N RS,@ '_[a [J].,2016,23 (5):120 123. [27],,?. 4 @ _ Y [J]../,2003,14(4):515 519. [28] HK.RSZ @0_`a [D]. `7 :`O,2015.