17 2 218 6 JOURAL OF ATOG VOCATIOAL & TCHICAL HIPPIG COLLG Vol.17 o.2 Jun. 218 218 doi: 1.3969/j.issn.1671-9891.218.2.7 (, 2261) :, 1981 21, :, 16 17, (.5 km) 6 % ;, ;, : 9 %, ---, 4 m/s, 1 1.5~1 3. kpa, 2 ~2,, : ; ; ; :P426.4 :A :1671-9891(218)2-28-7 1 km.5 n mile [1-9] 1981 21 1 1.1 1981 21 2: 8: 14: 2: 1.2 1 km.5 km.5 km<.2 km :218-1-1 : 1967
2 29.2 km <.5 km.5 < 1. km 4 1 km 1.3 12 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 2 2.1 1981 21 493 467 462 16~17 1 16.9 % 23.3 % 23.3 % 36.5 %.5 km 64.5 % 7 % /% 45. 4. 35. 3. 25. 2. 15. 1. 5...5 km.5-.2 km.2-.5 km.5-1 km 1 2 1981 21 2 2 8 9 2 35 1987 3 25 3 5 % /d 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 21 23 25 27 29 2 1981 21 2.2 3 4 1981 21 3 4 1 8 8 12 4 12
3 218 7 % 4 % 31 % 22 3.5 % /d 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 3 1981 21 /d 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2.3 1 1 8 8 % 2 8 88 % 1 % 3 4 1 % 3 3.1 1 4 1981 21 / h 2 8 14 2 2 8 8 14 8 2 8 14 2 2 8 14 2 8 14 2.% 89.6% 1.4% 4.5%.% 1.2% 2.4%.8%.%.%.% 83.2% 1.3% 8.8%.%.9% 5.2%.6%.%.% 15.% 56.5% 2.% 5.% 17.2% 1.3% 1.3%.4%.4%.9% 4.9% 76.7% 1.6% 6.1% 5.6% 1.1% 3.%.6%.1%.3% 1981 21 3 1. km 467 97 2.8% 5
2 31 15.4 % 11.6 % 1.3 % 1 % 1 % 1.6 % -- - 4.5 % W--- 28.9 % --- 17.6 % ---W 13. % 6 --- 53.2 % 73.7 % W--- 44.3 % 35.8 % -- - 29.1 % 29.5 % -- W-- 97.4 % 97 % 2. 15. 1. 5. W. W 5 /% 2. 1. W. W 2. 1. W. W a c 4. 2. W. W 2. 1. W. W b d 6 /% 3.2 7 ~1 m/s 93 % 4. m/s
32 218 87 % 3. m/s 21 % 2.1 m/s.5 km 9 % 2. m/s.9 m/s.5 km<.2 km 2. m/s 92 % 3. m/s 1.5 m/s.2 km<.5 km 2. m/s 9 % 4. m/s 2.3 m/s.5 km< 1. km 3. m/s 92 % 4. m/s 2.3 m/s 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 m/s 7 2 (m/s) / km.5.5~.2.2~.5.5~1. m/s.9 1.5 2.3 2.3 4. m/s 3.3 8 84 %~1 % 98 % 9 97.4 % 3 5 m 6 % 1 % 99 % 25 2 15 1 5 84 86 88 9 92 94 96 98 1 /% 3 8 /% / km.5.5~.2.2~.5.5~1. / % 99. 97.7 97.4 96.7
2 33 3.4 9 1.~13.5 kpa 11.9 kpa 11.5~13. kpa 72 % 12.28 kpa 11.96 kpa 11.45 kpa 1.63 4 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1. 1.5 11. 11.5 12. 12.5 13. 13.5 9 /kpa 4 /kpa 12.28 11.96 11.45 1.63 3.5 1-6 ~28 2 ~2 9 %.9 % 28 6 5 4 3 2 4 1-6 -4-2 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 16 18 2 22 24 26 28 / 1 35 3 16~17.5 km 6 % 4 % 31 % 22 % 3.5 %
34 218 1 % --- 4 m/s 9 % 1 15~1 3 hpa 2 ~2 : [1],. [J].,24,(2) 9-12. [2],,. [J].,24,(1) 28-37. [3],,. [J].,26,(1) 26-34. [4],,. [J].,26,(9) 68-72. [5],,. [J].,29,(1) 16-27. [6]. [J]. 211,(6) 92-929. [7],,. [J]. 213 (1) 62-69. [8],,,. 214 4 11 [J]. ( ),24,(5) 72-726. [9],,,. [J].,25,(1) 11-16. Climatic Characteristics of Fog and Its Relationship with Meteorological lements in the orthern Coastal Area of the Yangtze River stuary YAG Ya-xin (Dept. of avigation, antong Vocational & Technical hipping College, antong 2261, China) Abstract: In order to make ship s crew understand the regular pattern of fog setting or lifting in the northern coastal area of the Yangtze River estuary and provide reference for its prediction of fog, based on the ground meteorological observation data of three meteorological stations in antong, Qidong and Haimen between 1981 and 21, the climatic characteristics of fog in the northern coastal area of the Yangtze River estuary and its relationship with meteorological elements were analyzed statistically. The results show that the fog in the northern coastal area of the Yangtze River estuary is featured by obvious inter-annual variation. The average is 16-17 days annually. The probability of the dense fog (visibility.5 km) is more than 6%. easonal changes of fog are obvious, mostly in winter, followed in spring and autumn, and the least in summer. The fog mainly occurs from midnight to morning and dissipates after sunrise. The relative humidity is over 9%, the wind direction is ---, the wind speed is below 4m/s, the sea level pressure is between 11.5 and 13. kpa, and the temperature is in the range of 2-2, all of which are favorable conditions for fog formation. The smaller the wind speed is, the greater the relative humidity is, and the thicker the fog is formed. Key words: northern coastal area of Yangtze River estuary; fog; climatic characteristics; meteorological factors