Microsoft Word - 專題紙本最後版本.doc

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1 崑山科技大學電機工程系資料擷取之無線系統 : 溫度感測指導老師 : 蔡和昌老師製作學生 : 林裕皓 4940J009 白裕全 4940J019 邱瀚相 4940J050 中華民國九十八年五月

2 目錄一專題動機二專題簡介三需要之硬體及軟體四元件介紹五電路圖六 8051 程式碼 VB 程式碼七成果展示八結論 2

3 專題動機通訊技術發展可說是一日千里, 從過去以傳送聲音為主的類比電話系統一直發展到數位多媒體傳輸系統, 從有線傳輸發展到無線傳輸! 我們的生活都跟溫度息息相關, 這次研究動機是想說除了透過溫度計外還有什麼辦法可以更精準的看溫度, 所以我們這組就想說用無線傳輸來做溫度感測, 我們直接讓溫度顯示在螢幕上, 這樣能比溫度計來的更準確! 3

4 專題介紹這次的專題主要是利用溫度感測元件 DS1821 及 27MHz RF 數據傳輸模組所完成的溫度感測裝置此外, 我們將溫度感測裝置的輸出以 RS232 接埠連接至電腦, 用 VB 程式將測量結果顯示於螢幕完成一套無線溫度感測系統以下是本專題之方塊圖無線溫度感測之方塊圖 4

5 5

6 為了完成上述之溫控系統功能, 再發射端需要一個無線傳送模組來發送溫度資料, 溫度偵測與樣率則為每秒一次, 可視實際狀況及偵測裝置其特性, 改變取樣率, 再接收端則需要一個無線接收模組來接收溫度資料, 並將遺資料傳送給電腦端之監督程式, 來做溫度資料收集及危急處理系統架構方塊圖如圖一所示圖一溫控系統架構方塊圖 6

7 需要之硬體及軟體硬體電腦主機及螢幕示波器電源供應器探棒 27MHZ FSK RF 數據傳輸模組 89C51 單晶片 MAX232 訊號電位轉換 IC DS1821 溫度感測 IC 軟體 Visual Basic 6.0 Professional 7

8 元件介紹 DS1821 溫度感測 IC DS1821 圖示及接腳介紹 PIN VDD DQ GND 功能簡介電力供應伏特數 +5V 數據的進出數位訊號接地 DS1821 優點 1. 微型化低功耗高性能 2. 工作於 -55 至 +125 之溫度之間 3. 抗干擾能力強易配合微處理器 4. 輸出為數位訊號, 不用另外加上解碼晶片, 使用上更為方便 4 8

9 27MHz 數據傳輸模組傳送端模組 1.RFO: 傳送資料天線 2.VCC: 正電源 (5V) 3.CND: 接地 4.DIN : 資料輸入腳 5.ENB : 接 HIGH 可傳送資料接 LOW 停止傳送資料 9

10 接收端模組 1.Ant : 接收資料天線 2.GND : 接地 3.VCC : 正電源 (5V) 4.GND : 接地 5.D/O 6.A/O : 資料輸出腳 : 出廠測試用, 不需接 10

11 本專題模組乃採用頻率移位鍵調變技術 FSK Modulation, 主要是採用頻率變化來表示數位訊號由於數位訊號只有 0 和 1 兩種因此 FSK 調變輸出也只有兩種頻率變化 11

12 本模組的編碼法適合 Command mode/data mode 切換先連續發射 10 次 High Low 信號作為前導波形接著發射起始波形 600 微秒 High 600 微秒 Low 600 微秒 High 400 微秒 Low 接著把 8 位元資了分為前後兩段 : 每次送出 4 位元的資料之前都加上 Low High 其中每次 High Low 皆為兩百微秒編碼法波形圖如下 12

13 電路圖 13

14 發送端 ;DS1820 TXD OK ;Date: ;Design: ;Oscilllator Crystal: MHz ;Inital State RFTD_DI REG P3.2 DS_DQ REG P3.3 BUFFER1 EQU 30H BUFFER2 EQU 31H BUFFER3 EQU 32H ORG 0H JMP MAIN MAIN: MOV SP,#5FH MOV P2,#01H CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A,#01H CALL WRITE_DS1821 MOV A,#33H CALL WRITE_DS1821 CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A,#02H CALL WRITE_DS1821 MOV A,#0AH CALL WRITE_DS1821 CALL WRITE_DS1821 CALL READ_DS1821 CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A,#0CH CALL WRITE_DS1821 MOV A,#46H CALL WRITE_DS1821 CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A,#ACH CALL WRITE_DS1821 CALL READ_DS1821 LOOPDS: CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A,#0EEH CALL WRITE_DS1821 CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A,#0AAH CALL WRITE_DS1821 MOV R1,#30 CALL READ_DS1821 CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A, #22H CALL WRITE_DS1821 CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A,#0A1H CALL WRITE_DS1821 CALL READ_DS1821 CALL RESET_DS1821 MOV A,#0A2H MOV R1,#30 CALL RF_TXD_D CALL RF_TXD_D CALL RF_TXD_D CALL RF_TXD_D CALL DELAY1S JMP LOOPDS 14

15 DELAY1S: MOV R5,#46 DLY$2: MOV R6,#100 DLY$1: MOV R7,#100 DLY$0: DJNZ R7,DLY$0 DJNZ R6,DLY$1 DJNZ R5,DLY$2 DELAY480U: MOV R7,#221 DELAY380U: MOV R7,#174 DELAY300U: MOV R7,#150 DELAY200U: MOV R7,#100 DELAY100U: MOV R7,#50 DELAY60U: MOV R7,#27 DELAY50U: MOV R7,#25 DELAY30U: MOV R7,#14 DELAY25U: MOV R7,#12 DELAY20U: MOV R7,#10 DELAY15U: MOV R7,#7 DELAY12U: MOV R7,#5 DELAY10U: MOV R7,#4 DELAYS: DJNZ R7,DELAYS RET RF_TXD_D: MOV MOV R4,#10 RF_PREAMLP: SETB RFTD_DI CALL DELAY200U CLR RFTD_DI CALL DELAY200U DJNZ R4,RF_PREAMLP MOV R4,#2 RF_STARTLP: SETB RFTD_DI CALL DELAY300U CALL DELAY300U CLR RFTD_DI CALL DELAY300U CALL DELAY300U DJNZ R4,RF_STARTLP SETB RFTD_DI CALL DELAY200U MOV R3,#4 RX_TD_OUT1: RRC A MOV RFTD_DI,C CALL DELAY200U 15

16 DJNZ R3,RX_TD_OUT1 RET CLR RFTD_DI CALL DELAY200U SETB RFTD_DI CALL DELAY200U MOV R3,#4 RX_TD_OUT2: RRC A MOV RFTD_DI,C CALL DELAY200U DJNZ R3,RX_TD_OUT2 CLR RFTD_DI RET RESET_DS1821: SETB DS_DQ NOP CLR DS_DQ CALL DELAY480U SETB DS_DQ NOP JNB DS_DQ, $ JB DS_DQ, $ JNB DS_DQ, $ CALL DELAY380U SETB DS_DQ WRITE_DS1821: MOV B,#8 XMT_DATA: CLR DS_DQ CALL DELAY10U RRC A MOV DS_DQ,C CALL DELAY60U SETB DS_DQ DJNZ B,XMT_DATA SETB DS_DQ RET READ_DS1821: MOV B,#8 RCV_DATA: SETB DS_DQ NOP CLR DS_DQ SETB DS_DQ NOP CALL DELAY15U MOV C,DS_DQ CALL DELAY30U RRC A DJNZ B,RCV_DATA SETB DS_DQ NOP RET END 16

17 接收端 ;ADRXD 01 OK ;Date: ;Design: ;Oscilllator Crystal: MHz ;Iniral State RF_RX.REF P0.0 BUFFER1.EQU 30H BUFFER2.EQU 31H BUFFER3.EQU 32H BUFFER4.EQU 33H ORG 0H JMP MAIN MAIN: MOV SP,#6FH ORL P0,#0FFH MOV P2,01H CALL INIT_UART LLP: MOV R0,#30H CALL RF_RXDATA LLP2: MOV R1,#31H CALL RF_RXDATA MOV A,BUFFER2 CLR C XRL A,BUFFER1 JNC COMPR1 MOV A,BUFFER2 MOV BUFFER1,A JMP LLP2 COMPR1: MOV R0,#32H CALL RF_RXDATA MOV A,BUFFER3 CLR C XRL A,BUFFER2 JNC COMPR2 MOV A,BUFFER3 MOV BUFFER1,A JMP LLP2 COMPR2: MOV R0,#33H CALL RF_RXDATA MOV A,BUFFER4 CLR C XRL A,BUFFER3 JNC COMPR3 MOV A,BUFFER4 MOV BUFFER1,A JMP LLP2 COMPR3: MOV A,BUFFER4 CALL HEX_OUT CALL DELAY480U CALL DELAY480U CALL DELAY480U JMP LLP DELAY480U: MOV R7,#221 DELAY380U: MOV R7,#174 DELAY300U: 17

18 MOV R7,#150 DELAY200U: MOV R7,#100 DELAY100U: MOV R7,#50 DELAY60U: MOV R7,#27 DELAY50U: MOV R7,#25 DELAY30U: MOV R7,#14 DELAY25U: MOV R7,#12 DELAY20U: MOV R7,#10 DELAY15U: MOV R7,#7 DELAY12U: MOV R7,#5 DELAY10U: MOV R7,#4 DELAYS: DJNZ R7,DELAYS RET RF_RXDATA: JNB RF_RX,S MOV R2,#0 CLR C WAIT_START_SIGNAL_H1: NOP INC R2 JB RF_RX, WAIT_START_SIGNAL_H1 MOV A,R2 SUBB A,#140 JC RF_RXDATA MOV A,R2 SUBB A,#180 JNC RF_RXDATA MOV R2,#0 CLR C WAIT_START_SIGNAL_H2: NOP INC R2 JB RF_RX, WAIT_START_SIGNAL_H2 MOV A,R2 SUBB A,#140 JC RF_RXDATA MOV A,R2 SUBB A,#180 JNC RF_RXDATA MOV R2,#0 CLR C WAIT_START_SIGNAL_L2: NOP INC R2 JB RF_RX, WAIT_START_SIGNAL_L2 MOV A,R2 SUBB A,#140 18

19 JC RF_RXDATA MOV A,R2 SUBB A,#180 JNC RF_RXDATA CALL DELAY200U CALL DELAY200U CLR A MOV R3,#4 RXD_LBYTEP: MOV C,RF_RX RRC A CALL DELAY200U DJNZ R3,RXD_LBYTEP CALL DELAY200U CALL DELAY200U MOV R3,#4 RXD_LBYTEP: MOV C,RF_RX RRC A CALL DELAY200U DJNZ R3,RXD_LBYTEP MOV R3,#4 RET INIT_UART: MOV SCON,# B MOV TMOD,# B MOV TH1,#250 SETB TR1 SETB T1 RET UART_TXD: MOV A,@R1 JNB TI,$ CLR TI MOV SBUF,A RET HEX_OUT: PUSH A MOV DPTR,#ASCT ANL A,#F0H SWAP A MOVC A,@A + DPTR MOV BUFFER4,A MOV R1,#33H CALL UART_TXD POP A PUSH A ANL A,#0FH MOVC A,@A + DPTR MOV BUFFER4,A MOV R1,#33H CALL UART_TXD POP A RET ASCT: DB " ABCDEF".END 19

20 VB 程式碼 Dim UART_DATA As Variant Dim Num() As Byte Dim DSyt As String Dim V1 As Interger Dim TMP As Single Dim Buffer(0 To 15) As Single Dim BufMAT(1 To 3000) As Single Dim BufMATCNT As Interger Private Sub Combol_click() MSComm1.CommPort = Combo1.ListIndex + 1 If MSComm1.PortOpen = False Then MSComm1.PortOpen = Ture Else MSComm1.PortOpen = False End If 'MSComm1.PortOpen = Ture End Sub Private Sub Command1_click() If Timer1.Enabled = False Then Timer1.Enabled = Ture Command1.Caption = " 停止收集溫度 " Else Timer1.Enabled = False Command1.Caption = " 開始收集溫度 " End If End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() CreatMat End Sub 20

21 Private Sub Command3_Click() Dim i As Integer For i = 0 To 15 Buffer(i) = 0 Next i For i = 1 To 3000 BufMAT(i) = 0 Next i BufMATCNT = 0 End Sub Private Sub Command4_Click() Call sndplaysonud(vbnullstring, 0) End End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Dim i As Integer MSComm1.ConnPort = 1 Combo1.ListIndex = 0 MSComm1.Settings = "4800,N,8,2" MSComm1.InputLen =0 'MSComm1.PortOpen = Ture MSComm1.InputMode = cominputmodebinary For i = 0 To 15 Buffer(i) = 0 Next i BufMATCNT = 0 21

22 Call SetLenShape End Sub Private Sub Form_QueryUnload(Cancel As Integer, UnloadMode As Integer) Call sndplaysound(vbnullstring, 0) End Sub Private Sub Text1_Change() Check1.Value = 0 End Sub Private Sub Text2_Change() Check1.Value = 0 End Sub Private Sub Timer1_Timer() Dim i As Integer Do DoEvents Loop Until MSComm1.InBufferCount >= 2 UART_DATA = MSComm1.Input Num = UART_DATA Call DStrToTEMP Labell.Caption = Str(TMP) For i = 15 To 1 Step -1 Next i Buffer(i) = Buffer(i - 1) Buffer(0) = TMP BufMATCNT = BufMATCNT +1 If BufMATCNT >= 3000 Then BufMATCNT = 1 BufMAT(BufMATCNT) = TMP 22

23 Labe18.Caption = " 溫度暫存器 :" + Str(BufMATCNT) Call SetLenShape If ((TMP >= Val(Text1.Text)) Or (TMP <= Val(Text2.Text))) And Check1.Value Then 'MsgBox " 溫度超過 " + Str(Text1.Text) + " 以上 ", 48 Label1.ForeClolor = vbred Call sndplaysound(app.path + "\notify.wav", 1 + 8) End If End Sub Sub DStrToTEMP() sum = NUMToHex TMP = sum * 0.02 * 10 ' 轉成溫度 ' 數位資料 128 等於 25.6'C ' 數位之料 129 等於 25.8'C End Sub Function NUMToHex() As Integer ' 轉 16 進制數值 Dim i As Integer Dim ch As String * 1 Dim sum As Integer Sum = 0 DStr = Chr(Num(0)) + Chr(Num(1)) For i = 0 To 1 ch = Mid(DStr, i + 1, 1) Select Case ch Case "0": sum = sum + 0 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "1": sum = sum + 1 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "2": sum = sum + 2 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) 23

24 Case "3": sum = sum + 3 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "4": sum = sum + 4 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "5": sum = sum + 5 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "6": sum = sum + 6 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "7": sum = sum + 7 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "8": sum = sum + 8 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "9": sum = sum + 9 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "A": sum = sum + 10 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "B": sum = sum + 11 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "C": sum = sum + 12 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "D": sum = sum + 13 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "E": sum = sum + 14 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) Case "F": 24

25 sum = sum + 15 * (16 ^ (1 - i)) End Select Next i NUMToHex = sum End Function Sub SetLenShape() ' 設定長度 Dim i As Integer For i = 15 To 0 Step -1 Shape1(i).Height = (2658 / 50) * Buffer(i) Shape1(i).Top = ((2685 / 50) * Buffer(i)) -15 Next i End Sub Sub CreateMAT() ' 紀錄為 MATLAB 檔 Dim i As Integer Open App.Path + "\AD590temp.m" For Output As #1 Print #1,"%" + Str(Date) +Str(Time) Print #1,"% 溫度紀錄 " Print #1,"clear" Print #1,"TMP=[" For i = 1 To BufMATCNT Print #1, Str(BufMAT(i)) Next i Print #1,"];" Print #1,"plot(TMP)" Print #1,"%END" Close #1 End Sub 25

26 成果展示此為發射端圖中可以看到 DS1821 溫度 IC 以及 27MHZ FSK RF 數據傳輸模組的發射端而在電路中我們使用了一顆穩壓 IC 及一顆 86C51 26

27 成果展示此為接收端 27

28 VB 未執行 VB 啟動後可以看到溫度為 24 度簡易測試只要將手指放在 DS1821 溫度 IC 上便會看到溫度慢慢提升 28

29 結論 1 電路學電子學通訊系統的基本應用 2 IsSpice VB 程式的基本運用 3 學習到無線通訊模組內部結構與ㄧ些課堂上所沒有的知識 4 儀器設備的使用, 像電子式示波器電源供應器 5 工作分配及團隊合作的重要 29

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