一种单馈双频双圆极化微带天线 李嘉钱祖平 ( 解放军理工大学通信工程学院微波教研室, 南京 ) 摘要 : 本文给出了一种新型双频双圆极化微带天线的设计 该天线采用层叠结构实现双频工作, 利用微带贴片附加短截线来实现圆极化 贴片附加的两对短截线增加了天线可调谐范围, 从而能够补偿加工带来的
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1 一种单馈双频双圆极化微带天线 李嘉钱祖平 ( 解放军理工大学通信工程学院微波教研室, 南京 217) 摘要 : 本文给出了一种新型双频双圆极化微带天线的设计 该天线采用层叠结构实现双频工作, 利用微带贴片附加短截线来实现圆极化 贴片附加的两对短截线增加了天线可调谐范围, 从而能够补偿加工带来的误差 仿真和测试结果表明, 天线在 1.1GHz-1.2GHz 和 2.48GHz-2.5GHz 两个频段内驻波比都小于 2, 在中心频率为 1.15GHz 和 2.492GHz, 带宽为 1MHz 频段轴比都小于 3 关键词 : 双频 ; 双旋向 ; 圆极化 ; 微带天线 A Novel Dual-Band And Circular Polarization Microstrip Antenna Abstract:. This paper designs a new dual-band and dual-sense circular polarization antenna. It uses layer stack to achieve dual-band performance and uses microstrip plus short transversal to realize circular polarization. Two pairs of transversal adding to strip increase the tune range of the antenna and compensate the error in antenna producing. Simulation and test indicate that this antenna has good radiation and polarization performance in working band. Keywords: Dual Frequencies;Dual-Sense Circular Polarization;Microstrip Antenna 1 引言 在卫星通信系统中, 一般要求天线能实现双频工作, 并具有良好的圆极化性能 微带天线凭借其尺寸小 成本低 易实现圆极化等优势在卫星通信终端上得到了广泛的应用 目前, 已研制出多种的天线形式都能在双频工作的同时保证良好的圆极化特性 [1] 但是, 大多数双频圆极化天线都是采用双馈方式, 通过功分移相器为馈电点提供等幅且相位差 9 o 的激励电流, 如文献 [2] [3] 这种双馈圆极化天线的缺点是天线结构复杂, 需要额外的馈电网络, 提高了天线成本 单馈方式则无需功分器 移相器等馈电网络, 而是利用微扰电流的方式, 分离得到两个幅度相等但相位相差 9 的简并模来实现在远区 [4] 场的圆极化特性 本文设计一种采用单馈点馈电的层叠结构的双频双圆极化微带天线, 利用层叠结构来实现双频工作, 上层贴片采用探针直接馈电, 下层贴片通过电磁耦合馈电, 利用微带贴片附加短截线来实现圆极化, 通过调整短截线的长度可调整天线的谐振频率 馈点输入阻抗和天线轴比特性, 从而补偿加工误差 对天线性能的影响, 方便天线的调试 [5] 整个天线结构简单, 易于加工制作, 仿真测试结果表明, 该天线完全能应用于卫星通信的手持终端 2 天线结构 设计要求天线以 1.15GHz 和 2.492GHz 两个频点为中心频率, 带宽 1MHz, 并且在 1.15GHz 频段具有左旋圆极化特性, 在 2.492GHz 频点具有左旋圆极化特性 天线结构如图 1, 该天线由工作于两个频带的的左旋圆极化微带天线和右旋圆极化层叠, 形成双频双圆极化天线 物理尺寸较小的高频段天线贴片放在上层, 物理尺寸较大的低频段天线贴片放在下层 探针通过下层贴片上的钻孔馈接到上层贴片上, 上层贴片辐射时, 下层贴片作为它的接地面, 下层贴片为耦合馈电, 辐射时上层贴片作为电感性耦合元件 [] 天线上下介质板的介电常数为 2.55, 损耗角正切为 tanσ =.1, 上层介质和下层介质的厚度分别为 h1 和 h2 12
2 La1 Ws1 通过优化正方形贴片边长 馈点位置 短截线的长度等参数, 使天线的轴比 增益等指标满足设计要求 Lb1 最终优化得到天线尺寸为 : 上层贴片边长 L1=35.7mm, 短截线尺寸 Ws1=5.mm, La1=2.mm, Ws1 Lb1=1.2mm, 下层贴片边长 L2=54.7mm, 短截线尺寸 Ws2=5.5mm,La2=1.mm,Lb2=4.8mm, 介质板厚度 馈电点 h1=h2=2mm L1 3 仿真结果 La2 Ws2 图 2 是天线的驻波比仿真曲线, 由图中可以看出在频段 1.15GHz 和 2.492GHz 范围内反射系数都 小于 1dB, 说明在这两个频段内馈电同轴与天线配 Lb2 匹很好 Ws2 钻孔 L2 (a) 天线贴片示意图 S11 (db) h1 上层介质 -2 h2 下层介质 LG (b) 天线纵剖面示意图 图 1 天线结构图天线采用在正方形贴片外加四个短截线的方式实现天线的圆极化辐射, 上层贴片 Y 轴方向上的短截线较长, 实现右旋圆极化辐射, 下层贴片 X 轴方向上的短截线较长, 实现左旋圆极化辐射 通过改变短截线的长度可以微调谐振频率和馈点的输入阻抗 : 短截线长度增加, 则天线谐振频率下降, 馈点输入阻抗减小, 宽的短截线有利于增大调谐范围 天线采用 5Ω 的同轴线来馈电, 馈电点位置在方形贴片的对角线上, 馈电点与上层贴片的中心位置距离为 5.3mm, 馈电点与下层贴片中心位置的距离为 7 mm 利于文献 [7] 中单片方形圆极化贴片天线设计公式计算天线各参数的初步值, 然后采用基于有限元法的商业软件 Ansoft HFSS 1. 对该设计进行仿真 S11 (db) 图 2 天线反射系数仿真曲线图 3 是天线的轴比仿真曲线, 由图可以看出, 天线在 1.5GHz-1.15GHz,2.48GHz-2.5GHz 两个频段内天线轴比都小于 3dB, 达到了设计要求 图 4 是天线在 1.15GHz 和 2.492GHz 两个频点的远场方向图, 由左侧图中的曲线可以看出, 天线在 1.1GHz 121
3 辐射右旋圆极化波, 最大增益为 7dB; 如右侧图中曲线所示,2.492GHz. 辐射左旋圆极化波, 最大增益为 7dB Axial Rate (db) Gain (db) Theta (deg) 图 4 天线辐射方向图 GainLHCP Phi=deg GainLHCP Phi=9deg GainRHCP Phi=deg GainRHCP Phi=9deg 测试结果 Axial Rate (db) 按照设计仿真的尺寸加工得到天线实物, 如图 5 所示 (a) 正面 (b) 背面 图 3 天线轴比仿真曲线此外, 在叠层微带天线中, 下层微带天线被上层微带天线的基板覆盖, 相当于介质覆盖的天线 介质的覆盖将对微带天线的特性阻抗 谐振频率 Q 值等产生影响, 主要的影响是使下层微带天线的谐振频率向低频偏移 图 5 天线实物图采用矢量网络分析仪测量了天线实物的驻波比, 如图 所示, 从图中可以看出, 实测的驻波比曲线要比仿真结果差一些, 这是由于天线的加工误差和测试误差所造成的 GainLHCP Phi=deg GainLHCP Phi=9deg GainRHCP Phi=deg GainRHCP Phi=9deg Gain (db) f=1.1ghz f=1.15ghz 122
4 Direction(dB) f=1.15ghz 图 天线驻波比实测曲线 在暗室里测量了天线的轴比和方向图, 如图 7, 图 8 所示, 从图中可以看出天线不仅具有良好的圆极化性能, 并且能实现在较宽的波束宽度进行圆极化工作 Direction(dB) Axial Rate(dB) 结论 图 8 天线归一化辐射方向图 Axial Rate(dB) Theat(deg) f=1.1ghz 本文采用层叠结构和单点馈电的方法设计了一种双频双圆极化的微带天线, 该天线在 1.1GHz-1.2GHz 频段内辐射左旋圆极化波, 在 2.48GHz-2.5GHz 频段内辐射右旋圆极化波, 且具有良好的广角圆极化性能 与传统的双频双圆极化天线相比, 该天线采用单点馈电, 大大简化了天线结构, 降低了制作成本, 且方便组阵, 为双频双圆极化微带天线的设计提供了一种思路 图 7 天线轴比曲线 参考文献 [1] 薛睿峰, 钟顺时. 微带天线圆极化技术概述与进展. 电波科学学报,Vol.17,No.22,pp:331-33,22 [2] 张勇虎, 周力, 欧钢. 一种双频双圆极化层叠结构微带天线的设计. 微波学报 Vo1.22 Supplement,Jun.2 [3] M. Haneishi and S. Yoshida, A design method of circularly polarized rectangular microstrip antenna by one point feed, Microstrip 123
5 Antenna Design, K. C. Gupta and A. Benalla, Eds. Norwood, MA: Artech House, pp: ,1988. [4] Yijun Zhou, Chi-Chin Chen, and John L. Volakis,Single-fed Circularly Polarized Antenna Element WithReduced Coupling for GPS Arrays, IEEE Transaction on antennas and propagation, vol.5,no.5, pp: ,28. [5] Nasimuddin,Karu,P.Esselle,A.K.Verma, Wideband Circularly Polarized Stacked Microstrip IEEE Transactions.Antennas Propagation. letters, Vol., pp:21-24,27. [] Nasimuddin and Karu P. Esselle,Wideband Circularly Polarized Stacked Microstrip Antennas,IEEE antennas and Wireless Propa. LETTERS,VOL.,27 [7] 张钧, 刘克诚, 张贤铎, 赫崇骏. 微带天线理论与工程 ( 第一版 ). 北京 : 国防工业出版社,1988 年. 124
6 易迪拓培训 专注于微波 射频 天线设计人才的培养网址 : 如何学习天线设计 天线设计理论晦涩高深, 让许多工程师望而却步, 然而实际工程或实际工作中在设计天线时却很少用到这些高深晦涩的理论 实际上, 我们只需要懂得最基本的天线和射频基础知识, 借助于 HFSS CST 软件或者测试仪器就可以设计出工作性能良好的各类天线 易迪拓培训 ( 专注于微波射频和天线设计人才的培养, 推出了一系列天线设计培训视频课程 我们的视频培训课程, 化繁为简, 直观易学, 可以帮助您快速学习掌握天线设计的真谛, 让天线设计不再难 HFSS 天线设计培训课程套装套装包含 门视频课程和 1 本图书, 课程从基础讲起, 内容由浅入深, 理论介绍和实际操作讲解相结合, 全面系统的讲解了 HFSS 天线设计的全过程 是国内最全面 最专业的 HFSS 天线设计课程, 可以帮助你快速学习掌握如何使用 HFSS 软件进行天线设计, 让天线设计不再难 课程网址 : CST 天线设计视频培训课程套装套装包含 5 门视频培训课程, 由经验丰富的专家授课, 旨在帮助您从零开始, 全面系统地学习掌握 CST 微波工作室的功能应用和使用 CST 微波工作室进行天线设计实际过程和具体操作 视频课程, 边操作边讲解, 直观易学 ; 购买套装同时赠送 3 个月在线答疑, 帮您解答学习中遇到的问题, 让您学习无忧 详情浏览 : 13.5MHz NFC/RFID 线圈天线设计培训课程套装套装包含 4 门视频培训课程, 培训将 13.5MHz 线圈天线设计原理和仿真设计实践相结合, 全面系统地讲解了 13.5MHz 线圈天线的工作原理 设计方法 设计考量以及使用 HFSS 和 CST 仿真分析线圈天线的具体操作, 同时还介绍了 13.5MHz 线圈天线匹配电路的设计和调试 通过该套课程的学习, 可以帮助您快速学习掌握 13.5MHz 线圈天线及其匹配电路的原理 设计和调试 详情浏览 :
7 ` 专注于微波 射频 天线设计人才的培养易迪拓培训网址 : 关于易迪拓培训 : 易迪拓培训 ( 由数名来自于研发第一线的资深工程师发起成立, 一直致力和专注于微波 射频 天线设计研发人才的培养 ; 后于 2 年整合合并微波 EDA 网 ( 现已发展成为国内最大的微波射频和天线设计人才培养基地, 成功推出多套微波射频以及天线设计经典培训课程和 ADS HFSS 等专业软件使用培训课程, 广受客户好评 ; 并先后与人民邮电出版社 电子工业出版社合作出版了多本专业图书, 帮助数万名工程师提升了专业技术能力 客户遍布中兴通讯 研通高频 埃威航电 国人通信等多家国内知名公司, 以及台湾工业技术研究院 永业科技 全一电子等多家台湾地区企业 我们的课程优势 : 成立于 24 年,1 多年丰富的行业经验 一直专注于微波射频和天线设计工程师的培养, 更了解该行业对人才的要求 视频课程 既能达到了现场培训的效果, 又能免除您舟车劳顿的辛苦, 学习工作两不误 经验丰富的一线资深工程师主讲, 结合实际工程案例, 直观 实用 易学 联系我们 : 易迪拓培训官网 : 微波 EDA 网 : 官方淘宝店 :
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易迪拓培训 专注于微波 射频 天线设计人才的培养网址 :http://www.edatop.com 射频和天线设计培训课程推荐 易迪拓培训 (www.edatop.com) 由数名来自于研发第一线的资深工程师发起成立, 致力并专注于微波 射频 天线设计研发人才的培养 ; 我们于 2006 年整合合并微波 EDA 网 (www.mweda.com), 现已发展成为国内最大的微波射频和天线设计人才培养基地,
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易迪拓培训 专注于微波 射频 天线设计人才的培养网址 :http://www.edatop.com 射频和天线设计培训课程推荐 易迪拓培训 (www.edatop.com) 由数名来自于研发第一线的资深工程师发起成立, 致力并专注于微波 射频 天线设计研发人才的培养 ; 我们于 2006 年整合合并微波 EDA 网 (www.mweda.com), 现已发展成为国内最大的微波射频和天线设计人才培养基地,
西南交通大学硕士学位论文微带天线的小型化研究姓名 : 邓曦申请学位级别 : 硕士专业 : 电磁场与微波技术指导教师 : 刘运林 20100501 微带天线的小型化研究 作者 : 邓曦 学位授予单位 : 西南交通大学 本文链接 :http://d.g.wanfangdata.com.cn/thesis_y1688108.aspx
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2014 年 1 月 15 日 第 37 卷第 2 期 Jan Vol. 37 No. 2 现代电子技术 Modern Electronics Technique 71 应用于 WLAN 的小型微带天线 谢征兰 1 林文斌 1 杨广立 2 1.西南交通大学 电磁场与微波技术研究所 四川
2014 年 1 月 15 日 第 37 卷第 2 期 Jan. 2014 Vol. 37 No. 2 现代电子技术 Modern Electronics Technique 71 应用于 WLAN 的小型微带天线 谢征兰 1 林文斌 1 杨广立 2 1.西南交通大学 电磁场与微波技术研究所 四川 成都 摘 610031 2.美国摩托罗拉公司 纽约 11742 要 为了满足手机无线局域网 WLAN
DDR2 Signal Quality Analysis on VIA PC Board
GDA Technologies, Inc. DDR2 Signal Integrity Version 1.0 DDR2 Signal Quality Analysis Introduction GDA System Engineering has been designing around complex memory subsystems for nearly ten years. As more
4.2 DC Bias
1 of Microwave Bipolar/FET Bias circuits F/Microwave transistors/fet s require some form of circuit to set the correct bias conditions for a particular F performance. There are two main types used an active
10 percent of its revenues are invested directly in research and development activities. SIMULATION OF THE MICRO APERTURE-ELECTRODE SYSTEM Isèbe uses
HORIBA Medical, France OPTIMIZING HEMATOLOGY ANALYSIS: WHEN PHYSICAL PROTOTYPES FAIL, SIMULATION PROVIDES THE ANSWERS In order to take measurements that are inaccessible using just physical prototyping,
Thus, the antenna has the ability to receive both vertically and horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves, which can be proven beneficial in indoo
PIFA Planar Inverted F Antenna Iulian Rosu, YO3DAC / VA3IUL http://www.qsl.net/va3iul The Inverted F Antenna (IFA) typically consists of a rectangular planar element located above a ground plane, a short
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MARUWA PRODUCT SELECTION GUIDES MARUWA( ) EMC EMC SOLUSION BY ELECTRO CERAMICS 1 10KHZ 100KHz 1MHz 10MHz 100MHz 1GHz 10GHz 块 馈 馈 馈 1 10 100 1000 2 MARUWA EMC COMPONENTS MARUWA EMC COMPONENTS 3 ESR MLCC
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Workshop 5: Basic Transient Sources and Circuit 16.0 Release ANSYS Maxwell 3D 2015 1 2015 ANSYS, Inc. March 19, 2015 Transient Setup About Workshop This workshop discusses basic setup details of Magnetic
rd 5.7 = = = 1. cm (II-4) fd 9 This is more of what we are looking for. If we would use a frequency of 900 MHz this even reduces to 6.cm (assumed ε r
Printed Dipole Antenna Reto Zingg Abstract In this project a printed dipole antenna is being designed. Printed dipole antennas are of interest, when an electronic product, which is implemented on a printed