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(CIP) : /. :, 2003 ISBN 7-5045 - 4056-0... - - -. U483.07 CIP (2003)084734 ( 1 : 100029) : * 787 1092 16 10.25 251 2004 2 1 2004 2 1 : : 18.00 : 010-64929211 : 010-64911190 : http:/ / www. class. com. cn :010-64911344
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m n ; ; Am ax, mm; Amin, mm; A im ax, mm; A imin, mm; A im ax, mm; A imin, mm;, mm; i, mm = i m + n, 1.,,,, 11 12b, B1 = 1200. 1 mm, B2 = 90 mm, B = 0. 20.5 mm,, B3 : (1 ) Bm a x = B1m a x - ( B2 min + B3 min ) B3 min = B1m a x - B2min (2 ) Bmin = B1 min - ( B2 m ax + B3 m ax ) B3 m ax = B1 min - B2m a x B3 : 30-0. 3-0. 4 mm 2. - Bm a x = 120. 1-90 - 0.5 = 29.6 mm - Bmin = 119. 9-90 - 0.2 = 29.7 mm,, (1 ) (2 ),, ( ) ( ),, 12 56 mm, 0.030.04 mm, 5
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:,,, 12 12 1 ( ) GB72581997 3. 2 GB/ T 5373 1994 GB/ T 5373 1994 GB/ T 5373 1994 GB/ T 5373 1994 GB/ T 5373 1994 GB/ T 5373 1994 2 GB/ T 5373 1994 GB/ T 5373 1994 GB/ T 5373 1994 3 GB 14621 1993 GB 14622 1993 GB 14621 1993 GB 54661993 GB 17355 1998 GB 5382.1 1996 GB 17355 1998 GB 5382.2 1996 E CE E CE GB 72581997 7. 5 GB 72581997 GB 173521998 9. 19.2 9. 3 GB 17352 1998 GB 72581997 3. 6 GB 72581997 GB 72581997 3. 10 GB 53761996 GB 7258 1997 7. 7. 1.2 QC/ T 67 1993 GB 72581997 GB/ T 16708 1996 GB/ T 153631994 GB/ T 15364 1994 4 GB 16169 1996 GB/ T 4569 1996 E CE 8 GB 14023 1992 GB 14023 1992
5 ( ) GB 15744 1995 GB 16486 1996 1999 6 GB 17353 1998 GB 17353 1998 7 GB/ T 5385 1994 GB/ T 5384 1996 GB/ T 5387 1994 GB/ T 5385 1994 GB/ T 5383 1994 GB/ T 5386 1994 GB/ T 5374 1995 GB/ T 4570 1995, 9
3, 21 21, 1., 2. 10
, 21 21 ( ) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : 0 1.,,, 2., 11
3.,, 36 s ECU,,, 4.,,, 5. 25 min ( ) 6., 0.4 0. 5 V,, 0. 5 V ; 0. 4 V 7., ECU CO,,,,,, ECU CO 8. 9.,, 10.,,, 22 L1,, L2,,,,, ;,,, 22,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, 12
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(8 ),, (9 ), (10) (11) (12) 1.,,, 2.,,, 215 3.,, 1. 2., 3.,, 215 1.,,,, 2. (1 ) (2 ) (3 ) (4 ) 25
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(2), 10, 0. 01 (3 ), HQB - 10 HQB - 15 2.,,,,, 51 51 1. (1 ),, (2 ),,,, 60
, 2., (1 ),, (2 ) 60 000 km, (3 ) 100 000 km,,,,,,, 3., 4. (1 ) (2 ),, (3 ) (4 ) (5 ) (6 ) (7 ) JH125,, 1.,,,,, 2. 61
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511 13 2 512 1 2 3 (2 ), (3 ),, 513 513 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8,,,, 514,,, 515,, 450500 mm 516 1 000 Nm,,,, 67
514 1 2 3 515 1 2 3 4 516 1 2 3 4, 100 mm 0.03 mm, 100 mm 0.05 mm,,,,,,,,,,,,,, V, 517 517 68
, 518, 519,,, 400500, 1 h, 518 519,,,,,, : 1.,,, 2., 3.,,,,,,,, 0. 25 mm,, 69
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61 NSR250,,, PC RC,,, 2. RC (1 ) 2 000 r/ min, Hi () ; 3 000 r/ min, Lo ( ), 62 YPVS 63 RC (2 ) /,, 85
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72 ( ) ( % ) ( % ) A 970 35. 66 35. 66 B 870 31. 98 67. 64 C 380 13. 97 81. 61 D 260 9.56 91. 17 E 90 3.31 94. 48 F 60 2.21 96. 69 G 90 3.31 100. 00 2 720 100. 00 : 72 72, ABC, 81.61% 72, 73 73 108
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: standard at mosphere atmospheric pressure con tour of fixed throttle characteristics adjustmen t fuel consump tion m aximum total mass of motorcycle side motor t ricycle met hod of compile motorcycle model China par t throitle characteristics vehicle tractive of the motorcycle motorcycle driving wheel torque m ain motor tricycle special motorcycle common motorcycle cross-count ry motorcycle contest motorcycle ground clearance vibration of t he au tobicycle motorcycle seat-motorcycle mini-motorcycle 100 km fuel oil consume comfort in riding motorcycle motor scooter wheelbase motor cycle stability mobilit y over unprepared terrain motor cycle manoeuvrability 129
two-w heel motorcycle resistance to motion of t he motorcycle t ractive force of the motorcycle test of motorcycle gasoilne out pu t torque useful horsepower gross power specific fuel consump tion power economical speed mean piston speed oil pumping carbon deposit engine kncok cylinder score operating mode mechanical efficiency engine speed air cooled engine fuel filter gasoline injection system carburetor idling system pipe silencer piston cylinder head cylinder block inlet valve exhaust valve idling 130
box muffler crankshaft sponge plastics wet air cleaner paper cart ridge dry air cleaner connecting rod in tegral crankshaft oil capacity engine displacement combustion chamber volume compression ratio splash-type lubrication cylinder bore piston st roke stroke to bore ratio top dead cent and bot tom dead center piston displacement ( cylinder capacity) ( ) idling system adjusting fuel tank capacity pressure lubrication two st roke gasoline engine crankcase oil filter elect ronic controlling gasoline injection sysyem valve lash oil bat h type air cleaner crankcase cylinder head gasket measuremen t for pollutan ts at idle speed form engine thermal balance crankcase blow-box fuel tank supplying system of electronic gasoline gear type oil pump 131
engine oil coolant blending lubrication valve seat pneumatic efficiency cylinder block-crankcase - thermostat disengage lubrication valve gauze filter air cleaner overhead valve mechanism two st roke engine cylinder block chain tensioner arm of w heel tire gear shaft secondary t ransmission t ransmission of gear type belt universal joint shaft transmission lubrication of chain chain chain w heel and chain secondary transmission t ransmission box torsional vibrations of transmission t ransmission ratio of ll-drive transmission noise V-type belt secondary Trans -mission motorcycle cushion V vehicle body making object fender aluminium alloy frame suspension 132
pedal pole and pedal plate main beam structure type frame m ajor measurements of frame baby car type frame w heel brake shoe motorcycle braking system w heel hub brake pad hydraulic disc brake diameter of t urning circle gear box transmission gear ratio clu tch slipping free overrun clutch non-first kickback starting mechanism electric t heory diagram combination of main beam and rocker t ype frame main frame jumper rhombus-frame wheel rim disc brake drum brake motorcycle brake brake fluid brake disc steering handle angle rear overhang braking distance clutch funtion starting artch gear radiator charge system 133
starter generator flyw heel magnetor type rule of battery Electric starting system DC generator composition of ligh ting system ignition plug head lamp reflector tail lamp/ brake lamp / ignition coil breaker overall gear ratio of star ter system engine starting kickback star ting device starting system AC generator lead-acid accumulator starter relay signal sytem switch of brake lamp elect ric con trolling ignition system cranking motor bulb spark advance angel circuit of accumulator ignition system ignition plug s clearance rotor- type oil pump starting rotational speed first kickback starting mechanism inflation pressare of tire wver 134
air tire valve mout h, 1. Engine Parts An understanding of the operation or purpose of the various parts is necessary for a complete understanding of the whole engine. Each part or unit has its own special function to perform and in conjunction with other parts makes up a petrol engine. A person who wants to operate, repair, or otherwise service petrol engines must be able to recognize the different parts by sight and know what their particular functions are. A knowledge of the engine parts will be gradually acquired, first by reading at tentively the following sections and later by looking up in the Glossary at the end of the book every term not sufficiently familiar from a reading of the corresponding chapters. Pet rol engines vary in outer appearance, size, number and arrangement of cylinders, details of construction. Howerver, they all have the same main parts which, though they may look different, all perform the same functions. Each petrol engine has only a few main working parts; the auxiliaty parts are necessary to hold the working parts together or to assist the main working par ts in t heir performance. The main working par ts are ( a ) t he cylinder ; ( b ) the cylinder head, usually holding inlet and exhaust valves; ( c) the piston; ( d ) the connecting rod; ( e) t he crankshaft ; (f) t he crankshaft or main and connecting-rod bearings. Cylinder. The heart of the engine is the cylinder, where the fuel is burned and the power is developed. The inside of the cylinder is formed by the liner, or sleeve. The inside diameter of the cylinder is called the bore. The cylinder head closes one end of the cylinder and often contains the valves through which air and fuel are admitted and the exhaust gass discharged. Piston. The ot her end of t he working space of t he cylinder is closed by t he piston that transnits to the crankshaft the power developed by the burning of the fuel. Piston rings lubricated with engine oil produce a gastight seal between the piston and the cylinder liner. T he distance that the piston travels from one end of the cylinder to the other is called the stroke. Connecting Rod. O ne end, called t he small end of the connecting rod, and is attached to the wrist pin or piston pin located in the piston. The other or big end has a bearing for the crankpin. The connecting rod changes and t ransmits t he reciprocating motion of the piston to the continuously rotaing crankpin during the working stroke and vice versa during the other strokes. Crankshaft. The crankshaft t urns the action of the piston t hrough the connecting rod and crankpin located between crank webs, or cheeks, and transmits the work from the piston to the drive shaft. The parts of the crankshaft supported by and rotating in the main bearing are called 135
the journals. A flywheel of sufficient weight is fastened to the crankshaft and stores kinetic energy during the power stroke and returns it during the other strokes. The flywheel helps to start the engine and also serves to make the rotation of the crankshaft more or less uniform. A camshaft driven from the crankshaft by a chain drive or by timing gears operates the intake and exhaust valves t hrough cams, cam followers, push rods, and rocker arms. Valve springs serve to close the valves. A crankcase serves to hold toget her the cylinder, piston, and crankshaft, to protect all moving parts and their bearings, and to provide a reservoir for lubricating oil. The lower part of the crankcase is called a bedplate. 2.,,,,,, ;, ;,, : ( a) ; ( b) ( ) ; ( c) ; ( d) ; (e) ; (f) ( ),,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,, 136
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,,,,,,,, 1. YICS 97, YICS,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2. YDIS YDIS, 98,,,, YDIS 97 YICS 98 YDIS 3. REV REV, 99,, 148
99 REV,,,,,,,,, 4. VVT VVT, 910,,,,,, 5. YEIS 910 VVT YEIS 911, 1 2 3 4 5 6, 7 8,,,,,,,,,,, 6. PRV PRV, 912 149
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8. 914, P TC, P TC,,,, ( ), PTC,,,,, AETO ATAC, 914 ( LPG),,, 151
1., : (1 ) 43 961. 4 kj/ kg, 45 125.3 kj/ kg 47 147. 5 kj/ kg, 3 558.78 kj/ kg (2 ), (3 ),,, (4 ),,, (5 ) CO 65%, HC 52%, (6 ) NO,,,, (7 ) 75% 2. : (1 ),,,, (2 ), ;,, 1 500, 28% 38%, 45% 50%,,, 30 %, 20%,,,, 152
1.,,, CBR400 RRGV250T 2. ( 110 4 W/ cm 2 110 5 W/ cm 2 ),,,,, 10 000 km 80 000 km150 000 km 153