DOI:10.13619/j.cnki.cn11-1532/k.2015.04.009,, (561~578 ),, 1994 9 3,,,,, [1],, 22,,22,, 21, Olympus Vanox Leica DMLM 1 22 4 Leica 4000,3,1 ;3,,,, ( ~ ),, JSM6480LV, Noran System Six ;, 20kV, 50s 76
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2015 4!" #$%& ()*+,-./01234,567!"#$ %& (!")* +,-. /0 12!34567889:;8 <=!"##$ >?@ ABC>?DE!FGHIDE>?JKLMNO!PQ8RH!KC ST"!%"#UVLMW5X!YZ[H\]&^_! abcde9 fghilm /j 12!34567889:;8!kH\]&^_lm-nopqrs <= /0 12!34567889:;8 <=!"##& >?@!KfPQ8t128uvV!Q8wxyCSA["!%"# UV5! abcde9 fghilm /j 12!34567889:;8!kH\]&^_lm-nopqrs <=!"# # /0 12!34567889:;8!89z5{ xy!kh\]&^_ K}/j ~ <= >?@ W5 "!%"#UVLM! ~!KCSTW5X fghilm /j 12!34567889:;8! _ Z <= (XL008) (XL008) (XL009) (XL010) 78
(XL008), (XL009), (XL009), 1. 3 2. XL008 XL009 ;,,, XL009 22%~25%; 57.19%, 200μm, 1300μm, 3. ~,3 79
2015 4 (XL010), (XL010),, 3,,, ( ), α 3,, α, :Cu 74.63% Sn X 25.37%(XL008,,C );Cu 71.66% Sn 28.34%(XL009,,D );Cu 75.22% Sn 24.78%(XL010, (α+δ),d ), 22%~25%, 4.,, : 90 ( ),, ;,, 3,, 80
(XL008) (XL009) BSE BSE (Wt%):A. Cu 100;B. Cu 86.79,Sn (Wt%):A. Cu 100;B. Cu 89.43,Sn 10.57, 13.21;C. Cu 74.63,Sn 25.37;D. Cu 88.81,Sn 11.19. α ;C. Cu 90.98,Sn 9.02, α ;D. Cu 71.66,Sn 28.34 (XL009) BSE (XL010) BSE (Wt%):A. Cu 66.82,Sn 28.00,Pb 5.18;B. Cu 73.10,Sn (Wt%):A. Cu 100;B. Cu 85.97,Sn 14.03;C. Cu 26.90;C. Cu 69.33,Sn 30.67;D. Cu 85.93,Sn 14.07 (XL010) BSE (Wt%):A.Cu 84.58,Sn 15.42, α ;B.Cu 73.23,Sn 26.77;C.Cu 71.46,Sn 28.54;,Cu 68.94,Sn 31.06 84.74,Sn 15.26;D. Cu 75.22,Sn 24.78 :,, ( ) ( ), ( );, ( ),,,,,,, ( ) 81
2015 4 82
2,, ; ( ), ~, ~,2 22%~25%,,,, 25.22% (a -1) 21.65% (a-2), ( ( ) 22% ~25% ) 2, 600μm, a-1,a-2, (, 187~1290μm) 83
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:Cu 72.16% Sn 27.84%(a-1,,D );Cu 73.60% Sn 26.40%(a-2,,C ), (α+δ),, 2 ( ),2 (a-1), (α+δ),α, ( ) [2] (a-2 ),α, [3], (α+δ) ( ) 2, (M2 34), (M3 6), α 3, ( ) 3, 3, [5],, 22.01% 21.66% 24.59% 3,, (α+δ),,α 3,, [6], SEM-EDS,, α [7] 7 ;3 α, (α+δ), [4], 98.23% (3 ) (2 ) [8], (2 ), 2 :, 11 16,, (α+δ), (Pb-Sn), [9] α, ;, ; ;,, α ; α (α+δ),, 85
2015 4,, :,,,, ( ),,,,,,, [1], 1997 2 ;, 2010 3 ;[ ] ( ),, :,,,,2006 [2], :, [10],,1999 :,, [11],,1991, [4],, 2000 1 [5],, [12] 2002 ; :,,,, 23% [13], 1989, 2007, [9], 2009 1 [3],,,1996 [6], 2007 1 [7],,, [8] 11, [10],,1989 [11],,2011 [12] ( ),,1962 [13], 1991 4, ( 责任编辑 : 杨冠华 ), 86