28 2014 4 (1985:106 113) : ; (1995:49) (2010) (2011:3) ; (tenes) (aspect) (tempus) ( 1999) (1985) (1996) (2000) (2000a 2000b) (2004) (2011) (2011:5) (

: * 杨 荣 祥 1 李 少 华 2 1 / 2 52 1 2 11 DOI:10.13724/j.cnki.ctiw.2014.04.006 (1985:106) 130 30% (1996) 116 23% (2004) 666 139 20.9% 1 2 * ( 2004 ) ( 2013 10 ) ( :12JJD740011) 473

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[+ ]; [- ] [+ ] [- ] [+ ] [+ ] [+ ] [- ] [- ] [- ] [+ ] [+ ] [+ ] [+ ] ( ) :[± ] [± ] [± ] :[+ ] [+ ] [+ ] [- ] [+ ] : (7)a. b. ( ) (7)a b a b a ;b ( ) :[+ ] [+ ] [+ ] [+ ] [- ] : (8)a. ( b. ( c. ( d. ( :[+ ] [+ ] [- ] [- ] [+ ] : (9)a. ( b. ( 479 :

28 2014 4 c. ( d. ( e. ( :[+ ] [+ ] [+ ] [+ ] : (10)a. ( b. ( c. ( d. ( e. ( : (11)a. ( ) b. ( 1985) (11a) ; (11b) [± ] [± ] [+ ] [+ ] VP [- ] [+ ] [+ ] [- ] VP [+ ] [+ ] VP 7 1 2 ( ) [+ ]; [+ ]; 7 VP : ( ) ( )/ ( 2003) 480

[± ] VP :[+ ] [- ] [+ ] : (12)a. ( b. ( 1985) :[+ ] [- ] [+ ] : (13)a. ( b. ( c. ( d. 1 ( e. ( f. 3 ( g. ( h. ( i. ( j. ( :[+ ] [- ] [± ] : (14)a. ( b. ( 1985) c. ( d. ( ( ) 1 2 1 ( ): 4 11 11 4.1 481 :

28 2014 4 1 (1993) (1993) 10 :Va ( );Vb ( );Vc Vc1 Vc5 : ( ) ; Vd ;Ve Va Ve Vc4 :Va Vc4 Ve ; (Vc4) ( ) : ; 482

: 8 : 9 Vd1 Vd2 Ve Va / / / Vc3 Vc4 Vc5 Vd1 Vd2 ( ) Va Va Vc1 Vc2 Vc3 Vc4 Vc5 Vd1 Vb Va Vc1 Vc2 Va :1) ;2) ;3) V V ;4) ( );5) 4.2 1 2 1 2 : (15)a. ( b. ( (16)a. ( b. ( (15a) 1 ; (15b) 2 2 1 2 (16a) 8 1680 ( ) 9 483

28 2014 4 (16b) 52 1 2 瑏 瑠 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 ; 2 1 1 2 : 2139 ( 1 2 ) 129 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 ( 1993) : ( ) 1 2 瑏 瑡 1955 1957 (1982) : (1994) 1 (1995) : (1993) 6 瑏 瑠 瑏 瑡 1 2 484

: (2004) : (1996) 4 (1985) : (1979) : (2003) (2000) ( ) : (2010) 1 (1999) 1 (2000a) : (2000b) : (2001) : ; : 2004 (1982) : (2011) : ClassificationofTimeAdverbsRevisited YangRongxiang LiShaohua Abstract Diferenttimeadverbsexpressdiferenttemporal meanings.basedona thoroughdescriptionof52timeadverbsthisarticlereclassifiesthetimeadverbsbymeans ofsemanticfeaturesanalysis.thearticlealsoverifiesthatdiferentcategoriesoftimead- verbshaveopposingsyntacticfunctionsbycomparingtheirco-occurrencewith le1 ( 1 ) or le2 ( 2 )anddiferentverbs.specificalythetimeadverbsareclassifiedintofourbasic categories(namelypriorityposterioritydelayandinstant)whichcanbefurtherdivided into11secondarycategories.eachcategorypossessesparticulartemporalmeaningfeatures andhighconsistencyinsyntacticrepresentation. Keywords timeadverbsclassificationsemanticfeaturestemporalmeaningsyn- tacticrepresentation 杨 荣 祥 北 京 大 学 中 文 系 教 授 北 京 大 学 中 国 语 言 学 研 究 中 心 兼 职 研 究 员 博 士 生 导 师 主 要 研 究 方 向 为 汉 语 语 法 史 汉 语 词 汇 史 [Email:yangyyan@pku.edu.cn] 李 少 华 北 京 大 学 哲 学 系 副 研 究 员 研 究 方 向 为 现 代 汉 语 语 法 [Email:Lishh@phil. pku.edu.cn] 485