ARP ICMP
2 9-1 ARP 9-2 ARP 9-3 ARP 9-4 ICMP 9-5 ICMP 9-6 ICMP 9-7 ICMP
3 ARP ICMP TCP / IP, IP ARP ICMP 3 IP, ARP ICMP IP ARP ICMP 2,
4 9-1 ARP, MAC, IP IP, MAC ARP Address Resolution Protocol, OSI ARP,,
5 9-1-1 ARP ARP, ARP ARP Request ARP ARP Reply
6 ARP A ARP
7 ARP ARP, IP, B ARP A IP MAC, ARP,, A MAC ARP B MAC A ARP, MAC
8 ARP, ARP MAC, MAC
9 9-1-2 ARP, ARP,,,,
10 9-2 ARP ARP IP MAC,
11 Hardware Type 2 Bytes,,, Hardware Type 1 Hardware Type
12 Protocol Type 2 Bytes,, IP, 2048, 16 0 x 0800
13 Hardware Address Length 1 Byte, MAC, MAC 6 Bytes, Hardware Address Length 6 Sender Hardware Address Target Hardware Address
14 Protocol Address Length 1 Byte, Protocol Type 2048 IP, IP 4 Bytes, Protocol Address Length 4 Sender Protocol Address Target Protocol Address
15 Operation 2 Bytes, ARP, request reply
16 Sender Hardware Address ARP MAC,, 6 Bytes MAC
17 Sender Protocol Address ARP, IP, 4 Bytes IP
18 Target Hardware Address ARP MAC,, 6 Bytes MAC ARP request, MAC, Target Hardware Address 000000000000
19 Target Protocol Address ARP, IP, 4 Bytes IP
20 ARP, ARP,
21 9-3 ARP ARP 2 ARP Windows 98 / XP ARP.EXE Linux ARPWATCH
22 9-3-1 ARP ARP.EXE 3, ARP
23 ARP ARP.EXE ARP
24 ARP
25
26 ARP
27 9-3-2 ARPWATCH Linux ARPWATCH ARP,,
28 arpwatch, ARP,
29, ARP,
30
31 9-4 ICMP IP, IP, ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol IP IP
32 ICMP ICMP IP, ICMP,
33 9-4-1 ICMP ICMP IP, ICMP
9-4-2 ICMP ICMP ICMP ICMP, 3 Type Code Checksum ICMP, ICMP 34
35 Type 1 Byte ICMP,
36 Code 1 Byte ICMP Code Destination Unreachable ICMP Code IP, ICMP Type Code
37 Checksum 2 Bytes, ICMP
38 ICMP ICMP Type,
39 9-5 ICMP 9-5-1 9-5-2 9-5-3 9-5-4 9-5-5
40 9-5-1 Echo Request / Echo Reply ICMP,, IP
1. A B 2. B, A ICMP IP,,, A B, A B A B IP 41
42 ICMP
43 ICMP Identifier Sequence Number Optional Data 3
44 Identifier 2 Bytes, Identifier Echo Request
45 Sequence Number 2 Bytes, Sequence Number Echo Request Echo Request Echo Reply, Identifier Sequence Number Echo Request Echo Reply
46 Optional Data Echo Request, Echo Request, Echo Reply Optional Data Echo Request Echo Reply, Optional Data, Echo Reply
9-5-2 Destination Unreachable ICMP, ICMP, IP IP, IP IP 47
48 ICMP
49 Code 0 12, 3 0, Network Unreachable 1, Host unreachable 2, Protocol unreachable
50 ICMP Unused IP Payload
51 Unused: 4 Bytes, 0 IP Payload IP, IP Payload 8 Bytes IP,, IP,
52 9-5-3 IP,, Source Quench ICMP IP, CPU ICMP
ICMP Unused IP Payload 2 53
54 9-5-4, ICMP Redirect,
55
56 Code 0 3, 1, Host IP,, IP 3, TOS and Host IP, IP TOS, IP
57 Router IP Address Redirect ICMP Router IP Address IP Payload 2 4 Bytes,
58 IP Payload IP IP, IP Payload 8 Bytes, IP
59 9-5-5 1 IP, IP, Time Exceeded ICMP IP IP, IP IP, ICMP IP
60 ICMP
61 Code 0 1, 0, TTL count exceeded TTL 1 IP, IP 1, Fragment reassembly time exceeded IP IP Fragment, IP Fragment, IP
62 ICMP Unused IP Payload 2
63 Unused 4 Bytes, 0
64 IP Payload, IP, IP Payload 8 Bytes, IP
65 9-6 ICMP ICMP, Windows, ICMP
66 9-6-1 PING PING ICMP PING,,
67 PING,, PING, 1. ping 127.0.0.1 2. ping IP 3. ping 4. ping IP 5. ping
68 1. ping 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 Loopback 8 127.0.0.1, Loopback TCP / IP
69 2. ping IP 1 TCP / IP, IRQ,
70 3. ping PING Windows 98 IP,
71 4. ping IP, PING IP, IP
72 5. ping, PING, www.hinet.net. Hinet WWW, DNS
73 PING PING PING,
74 PING PING DNS
75 PING -w,,, -n 2
PING 76
77 9-6-2 TRACERT TRACERT Trace Route IP TRACERT TRACERT TRACERT
TRACERT 78
79 TRACERT A TRACERT, B, TRACERT, 1., B, 1,, 1
80 TRACERT 2. R1 1, 1,, 1 A 3. A 1, R1, A 2, B, 2
81 TRACERT 4. 2 R1, R2, 2 1,, R2, 2 A 5. A 2, R2, A 3, B, 3
82 TRACERT 6. 3 R1 R2 B B 1 A 7. A 1
TRACERT 83
84 TRACERT Windows 9x / 2000 / XP / 2003 Unix Linux traceroute, ICMP, UDP 12 UDP, http://www.develcon.com/kb/i014.ht m
85 TRACERT TRACERT TRACERT
86 TRACERT, TRACERT
87 TRACERT TRACERT,, 168.95.192.1 8 TRACERT 3, 3
88 9-7 ICMP NetAnalyzer, PING TRACERT,
89 9-7-1 PING 192.168.0.40, PING, 192.168.0.140 NetAnalyzer, ICMP Echo Request / Echo Reply
PING 90
91 PING Type = 8 Code = 0, Echo Request Windows 2000 PING, Identifier 512 Echo Request Sequence Number, 256 32 Bytes Optional Data
PING 92
PING Type = 0 Code = 0, Echo Reply Echo Reply Identifier Echo Request, 512 Echo Reply Sequence Number Echo Request, 0 x 9800 Echo Reply Optional Data Echo Request 93
PING 94
PING 95
96 9-7-2 TRACERT 192.168.0.40, TRACERT, www.hinet.net IP 168.95.1.88
TRACERT 97
98 TRACERT 192.168.0.40 168.95.1.88, 10 1 10, 11 7 Echo Request, TRACERT, *
99 TRACERT tracert 3 Echo Request, 3, 11 10 +, 66 7, 3, 63 1 Echo Request 1 Time Exceeded, 1 Echo Request Echo Reply
TRACERT 10
TRACERT 10
TRACERT 1, Source Address IP TRACERT IP ICMP Type Time Exceeded TTL 1, 0, Time Exceeded 10
TRACERT 10
TRACERT 10
10 TRACERT TRACERT, Echo Request TTL,, Echo Reply
Windows XP SP2 Echo Request ICMP 10, Windows XP SP2 PING TRACERT Echo Request ICMP XP SP2, ICMP XP SP2,
Windows XP SP2 Echo Request ICMP 10 XP SP2 Echo Request ICMP, /,, Windows
Windows XP SP2 Echo Request ICMP 10
Windows XP SP2 Echo Request ICMP 10
Windows XP SP2 Echo Request ICMP 11