316 201712 JournalofSoiland WaterConservation Vol.31No.6 Dec.,2017 * * /b-; ]^ $ - 1,. / 2,0 1 1, 3, 2 (1.2_8 1 G ; ]" # : X,17 210098; 2.?, - 213300;3.F GD! 9, - F 225007) 01: #$ Q 3 ' ; 45 \, PT ` Q O HUVWX,: Q O 3 4 5 Z_,A * Q 3 ' ; #$* 45 Z_ = c H, Q 9UVWX ; ' 3,B D 3 O, 3 ' ; E, 200L/h3 O,' 33.2% 96.9%; UV, Q 3 5 3 R =, _ _ ( 犚 2 =0.67, 犚 2 =0.83) _ ( 犚 2 =0.70, 犚 2 =0.87) 8 =; N 3 5 3 犚狊 =1.184 10-6 τ -4.114 ω 3.839 ( 犚 2 =0.73)*D ; DE : Q ; 3' ; ;45 Z_ 23:S157.2 45678:A 49:3:1009 2242(2017)06 0104 06 犇犗犐 :10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.06.018 犈狓狆犲狉犻犿犲狀狋犪犾犛狋狌犱狔狅狀狋犺犲犚犲狊狆狅狀狊犲狅犳犛犾狅狆犲犚狌狀狅犳犪狀犱犈狉狅狊犻狅狀犘狉狅犮犲狊狋狅犞犲犵犲狋犪狋犻狏犲犉犻犾狋犲狉犛狋狉犻狆 CHEN Qian 1,FU Yu 2,SHEDongli 1,FENG Xiaohong 3,LUO Hewen 2 (1. 犓犲狔犔犪犫狅狉犪狋狅狉狔狅犳犈犳犳犻犮犻犲狀狋犐狉狉犻犵犪狋犻狅狀 犇狉犪犻狀犪犵犲犪狀犱犃犵狉犻犮狌犾狋狌狉犪犾犛狅犻犾 犠犪狋犲狉犈狀狏犻狉狅狀犿犲狀狋犻狀犛狅狌狋犺犲狉狀犆犺犻狀犪, 犕犻狀犻狊狋狉狔狅犳犈犱狌犮犪狋犻狅狀, 犎狅犺犪犻犝狀犻狏犲狉狊犻狋狔, 犖犪狀犼犻狀犵 210098;2. 犔犻狔犪狀犵犅狌狉犲犪狌狅犳犔犪狀犱犪狀犱犚犲狊狅狌狉犮犲狊, 犔犻狔犪狀犵, 犑犻犪狀犵狊狌 213300;3. 犢犪狀犵狕犺狅狌犛狌狉狏犲狔犇犲狊犻犵狀犚犲狊犲犪狉犮犺犐狀狊狋犻狋狌狋犲犆狅., 犔狋犱, 犢犪狀犵狕犺狅狌, 犑犻犪狀犵狊狌 225007) 犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋 :Inordertostudytheinterceptionefectandhydrodynamic mechanism ofvegetativefilterstrips (VFS)duringrunofandsedimentyieldprogressonslopesurface,asimulatedvegetationfilterbeltwasset upontheinnersoiltrough,andthemuddywatererosiontestswerecarriedout.aftergetingtherunofand sedimentyieldandrelatedhydrodynamicparametersunderthesituationofwithorwithoutvegetativefilter stripthroughthetests,thevegetationfilterinterceptingefectofrunofandsedimentwasquantitatively analyzedandtherelationshipbetweensedimentproductionrateandhydrodynamicparameterswasexplored. Theresultsshowedthat VFScouldefectivelyinterceptrunofandsedimentsduringthetests,andthe interceptionrate wasbeterundersmalerflow.whentheflow was200 L/h,theinterceptionrate was 33.2% forrunofand96.9% forsediments.duringthescouringprocess,thesedimentyieldratehadsignificant correlationwithflowshearstressandstreampowerunderthesituationofwithorwithoutvfs,whichwere positiveexponentialfunctionrelationships( 犚 2 =0.67, 犚 2 =0.83)withflowshearstressandpowerfunction relationships( 犚 2 =0.70, 犚 2 =0.87)withflowpower,respectively.Usinganonlinearregressionequation 犚狊 =1.184 10-6 τ -4.114 ω 3.839 ( 犚 2 =0.73)withflowshearforceandstreampowertopredictthesedimentyield ratecouldgetabeterefect. 犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊 :vegetativefilterstrip;interceptionrateofrunof;sedimentyieldrate;hydraulicparameters 3 H (< XY, G Hb ( 5O (< b" &. C RC * :,% 3 & @ 45,3 ]^D, ( ]^ H [1] Q U, B 3., Q > E OF >8GH 3, :2017 05 10 :?@ &4(51679062); - Y &4(2016070); -? &4(KJXM2016009) : (1993 ),0,! (,)*+,]! E mail:1934214192@qq.com : $L(1980 ),,,1 (,)*+,]! E mail:shedongli@hhu.edu.cn
6 `: 3 Q WX! 105 ` ; Q IB. ; [2], `_?@J 3. ;]^[3 6] K `[4] Q A O!,, * Q 23 Q N; `[7] YND WX, #$* Q ( b; ;Wilson`[8]! c H, Q [ = Q G # 3, T [< = ' 3 5 [9 11], T Q ' 3 \ L!, * WX 4: Q ^ \ QMN,!!" Kentuckymodel WX, NL O T Q,+ EG[ Q ^ ; [12 13] MD# Q 3 c,! 3 45 Z_ =, Q ' 45 \, Q ' ;! *0 1 1.1 ; ab WX 20169 12 2_8 1 G ; ]" # : X O EcK,T *'G X/ WX T P : 1.40~1.45 g/cm 3 X/,N c H WX `,WXQ`5N 7H C Z, Z, TP 7 <= _` Q, X/,+ 3 Q`, TH 3 mm L O (N [ 18% O M12h, # O 9 ` 10d), [ 70 (Z Q CT [), C 10cm, _ 15 W XQ`,; 3O T 3, 3,Q`D T 33\ 3\ N DA, YN \ WX,YN KMPlayer Image ProPlus?,: 3 A, : 3 3\ D 33\ L, T 1min8 7, N 7 b :, WX C 30 min, 8 15 7 X G - 1 7 (6 30 38 32 13, 118 31 119 04 ),OWX 134 & ',$ 4 *5, C 1021.3mm, C^ 900mm, C& 15.7, 4 C [28.1, '237d,C6 _2212.8 h WX W, (<0.002mm) @ (0.002~0.05mm) (0.05~2mm) 0 49.56%,30.90%,19.48%; \ 3.73g/kg, W 0.52g/kg, H U 10.64cmol/ kg W 6, +` 2mm Q N 1.2 ; @ WX `FT =>$ ( 1) WX a150cm 30cm 45cm 0~45 \ TPO,T " W XG <= G = > NAJ 3,YNH\ 3 WX ` O Q #H, [ A 10, 200,400,600L/h3 3 O UVWX, 3 : 6 WX, Q 7 5cm WX T,G X G N 5,$ $ 1 ; 1.3? DA3\ 33\( 犞犿 ), D3\ "Q =_α M 33\( 犞 ) [13] 3α 0.67, 3 0.7, 3 0.8 [14] : 犞 =α 犞犿 (1) F 3 B 4< ab, NCc DA, A 3 C 2, 3 C Q [15] : 犺 = 狇 / 犞 (2) Q : 犺 3 C (m); 狇 C> 3 (m 2 /s); 犞 C3\(m/s) _ 犉狉 \ 3 :* Z_, D 5 :5 M: 犉狉 <1 3 <;, 3 < 犉狉 Q [15] : 犉狉 = 犞 / 犵槡犺 (3) Q : 犚 5 (m), 犚 = 犺 ; 狏 4 [ (10-6 m 2 /s); 犵 :5 \[ 3 34 ^5MN, 3^5IN
106 31 Darcy Weisbach^5=_ 犳 H, Q [15] : [15] : 犳 =8 犵犺犑 / 犞 2 (4) 3 5τ 3 U V 4 5, Q τ=γ 犚犑 =ρ 犵犺 (5) Q :τ 3 5 (g/(cm s 2 ));γ 3 : (N/m 3 ); 犑 3, N M = A, 犑 =tanθ,θ T [( ); ρ [(g/m 3 )?, )3 ], 3UV" N*ZL 45 Z_(3 5τ >B3 犘 3 ω `) [16] _? WEEP ] N3 5 τh, 8Y3 GUEST ]J N3 ω 3 A >B 3, Q [17] : ω=τ 犞 =ρ 犵犺犑 (6) Q :ω 3 (g/s 3 ) 2 2.1 -. 3 ZL 33 O, * Q 3 3 abc _ ( 2), 3 8 A U VH O TH, D, ` F\ D8,3 F, 3 3 D3; A, F\ F A, F\, 3 3 D A Q 3 C Q 3, Q ;' 3;3 3 O C' 33.2%,28.1%,30.5% 200 L/h3 O Q C 3' 8 400L/h 600L/h3 O 3' WX, W X 4.5%, ` ( 犘 >0.05), ` c W X 200,400,600 L/h3 O` 3 Q *2.1,0.6,0.6 min + 3 [ ", D 3 O, 3 [ 8, 8G * 3 <,+ 3, F 2.2 -. 3 3 O, Q Q ( 犘 <0.05) Q O,200L/h3 U ( 犚 2 =0.73)( 3(a)),3 400 L/h 600L/h, =, 犚 2 0.20 0.80 Q,3 3 UVO, C D,B abd ( 3) 2 <F GH- * Q, C C 3 U 8(H1) 200,400,600L/h 3 O, Q C ' C 94 %",BD 3 O ' 8,200L/h 3 O, ' 96.9%(H1) Q WX ',, Q ' WXL O Q MN, R`[18]!, [ 1m Q ' 78%, ' ; DWX O Q, L I, Q ;, Q Z (F 8 3 " O\ = 2.3 ()* >? * % -./ 345 Z_ 3UV :* $ [14] C [, U45 Z_
6 `: 3 Q WX! 107 =, 3 ω : * 45 Z_, *D 3 5 [19] "1 < * % % 3 / C /(g min -1 cm -2 ) (L h -1 ) Q Q ' /% 200 0.0104 0.0003 96.9 400 0.0484 0.0017 96.5 600 0.0629 0.0038 93.9 3 * %F GH _ 犉狉 ^5=_ 犳 =( 4),# U V U W X, _ 犉狉 ` 1.5 V W,^ 5 = _ 犳 0.75VW, ab ;, O Q UV, _ 犉狉 0.75~ 1.25 a b,^ 5 = _ 犳 1.25~2.75 a b, ` D, ab F, * Q,UV _ 犉狉 ^5=_ 犳 C # 3 5τ 3 ω _ _ 8 =( 犚 2 =0.83, 犚 2 = 0.87), Q O N* τ ω =_( 犚 2 =0.67, 犚 2 =0.70) Q O, 3 \ 3 5 3, 3 5 3 %8, 3 % 8;, Q,H T = H,D G 3UV MN, F H ; 8G N* 3 MN, Q O ab S:,τ ω ab!a, Q 3 Z_, : G [ [10,12] 4 * % N()* >?-
108 31 2.4 * % 4 " c*h 3 5 3 JK;,? 3 5 3 =: 犚狊 =1.184 10-6 τ -4.114 ω 3.839 犚 2 =0.73 (7) Q : 犚狊 (g/(min cm 2 ));τ 3 5 (g/(cm s 2 ));ω 3 (g/s 3 ) Q(7)DE N*$ O 3 5 3 = Q(7)*D $ ZL O D = 5,c H, Q O *D * D, Q O *D * D, Q(7)? *3 5 3 $ 45 Z_, Y * U V D b` MN, Q(7) * Q \ ;,F 2.3 c *, Q 3 5τ 3 ω = _ a *, F Q F, Q(7)? τ ω _ =Q, Q H;, Q(7) * Q \ 5 * % * % 3! HUVWX,M*ZL 3 O 3, * 45 Z_ =! c H, Q ;' 3,B D 3 O' ;,L : *N3 5 3 H K Q Q ; MN\, IP Q ' 3 M N L [20],' 3 )* Q :, T ; 33\ [20] 3, Q 3 ` < [21] ;, Q T = cmn ;! c, F_ 5,+ 8 F! Q 33\,+ = 45 Z_, 8G3 3, +4 5 Z_H ;*D Q S:,8 _! # UV *D [22 25], % F FAR *D A,, Q! L O ;,! )* * T ' MN,4: 3 ' MN, N O Q, * Q ( >1MN [3] " ( ( D [26],! O 4! T Q O H UVWX,A * Q 3 ' ;, #$* 45 Z_ =,)*c* : (1) Q ;' 3,B D 3 O ' ; ; M #, Q ; 3 D A, ' ; B3 % ' % (2)ZL O, 3 5 3, _ ^5=_ (3)ZL O3 5 3 JK;, " K3 5 3 K:? : 犚狊 =1.184 10-6 τ -4.114 ω 3.839 ( 犚 2 =0.73),O QDEG*D* UV O >X45: [1] L,,,`. 3 =! OR[J].(<,2006,26(9):3137 3143. [2] -,,.2! H b ( < = > : [J].(<,2003,23(1):56 63. [3], 0. Q! N O R [J]. N(<,2008,19(9):2074 2080. [4] K,-3,,`. Q A [J].(< 7,2006,25(1):108 112. [5] Abu Zreig M,RudraRP,WhiteleyH R,etal.Phos phorusremovalinvegetatedfilterstrips[j].journalof EnvironmentalQuality,2003,32(2):613 619. [6] ReedT,CarpenterSR.ComparisonsofP yield,ripari anbuferstrips,andlandcoverinsixagriculturalwa tersheds[j].ecosystems,2002,5(6):568 577. [7], K,2 $ ;,`. 3 3 Q b
6 `: 3 Q WX! 109 ; [J].]"',2012,28(4):124 129. [8] WilsonLG,WilsonLG.Sedimentremovalfromflood waterbygrassfiltration[j].transactionsoftheasae, 1967,10(1):35 37. [9] SabbaghGJ,FoxG A,KamanziA,etal.Efective nessofvegetativefilterstripsinreducingpesticideload ing:quantifyingpesticidetrappingeficiency[j].journal ofenvironmentalquality,2009,38(2):762 771. [10], #,,`.! O ( G GH 3 W3 [J].,2009,23(1):12 16. [11] /,,^P[,`. bo G(< Q #[J].!,2003,10(2): 116 118. [12] DeleticA.Modelingofwaterandsedimenttransport overgrassedareas[j].journalofhydrology,2001,248 (1):168 182. [13] Deletic A.Sedimenttransportinurbanrunofover grassedareas[j].journalofhydrology,2005,301(1): 108 122. [14] $L,'$$, Q,`._ ' G 4 5 [J].. 2014,28(1):1 5. [15] GuoT L,Wang QJ,LiD Q,etal.Flow hydraulic characteristicefectonsedimentandsolutetransport [J].Catena,2013,107(8):145 153. [16] -/0. 4 5! O R [J]. OR,2001,12(3):395 402. [17],,,`. 3 45Z_ P WX R S = [ [J].] " ',2007,23 (6):1 6. [18] R, T,-,`.ZL [ Q ] 3 " W X ' ; [J].] ",2014,33(4):721 729. [19] -,, -^.' Y 45 [J].]"',2013,29(24):94 102. [20] K,L,7U,`. Q GH 3 V b; WX! [J]. 5,2009, 28(6):176 181. [21] -, 3,, ;c,`.2 U 2 [J].N(<,2001,12(6):951 954. [22], $L,,`._ G' G UV WX! [J].]" b!,2016,37(5): 964 971. [23],'?,,`. W G U b [J].] " ',2013,29(10): 153 159. [24],-,X,`. ZLG U! [J].,2013,27(3):28 32. [25] 7,5,.Z L G Y N Q O U 4<ab [J]., 2010,24(4):64 68. [26] Y,,'a,`. 6 U (( c [J].(<,2006,25(6):521 525. ( 157 ) [10] W,'77,.! O A 3 [J].,2016,30 (4):1 6. [11] '77,W,. Q & ' D! `:?,ZL201510069492.4[P].2016. [12] 17] 9. ] b [M].6 7:] ", 1980:43 77. [13].,A, _,`.!C A 3 [J].,2016,30(2):97 101. [14],,,`.!-GH 3- MN [[J].,1998,4(2):41 46. [15] Walach R,Grigorin G,RivlinJ.A comprehensive mathematical model for transport of soil dissolved chemicalsbyoverlandflow[j].journalofhydrology, 2001,247(1/2):85 99. [16] -3, K,7 B,`.! O G WX! [J].,2009, 23(4):113 117. [17] - U,. G W! 3 MN\ ][J].G OR,2000,19(2):128 135. [18],'77,. 4 F [J].,2014,51(2):263 269. [19],+/,'?,`. ] G 3 W X 3 [J].] " ',2016,32 (14):195 201.