37 5 2018 9 GeologicalScienceandTechnologyInformation Vol.37 No.5 Sep. 2018 doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2018.0525. [J]. 201837(5):184-190. a ab a a ( )a ;b. 430074) : : Au Au[HS] 2 - CO 2 H 2S Au Au Au LA-ICP-MS : ; ; ; ; :P618.51 :A :1000-7849(2018)05-0184-07 ( [1] [37-9] ) ; [2] 0~20km Groves [3] 15~20km 180~700 <1000 [10] - [411] 10 5 ~5000 10 5 [36] Pa ; [12] ; [3] ( ; CO 2 [13] 0~6km 150~300 ) ( 6~12 ; km 300~475 ) ( >12km 30% >475 ) [4] [14] Wilkinson [1] 0~3 Bendi- km 11.3 t go Homestake Au 8% [5-6] [7-13] : :2017-09-30 : : (41202054;41672083); (CUGQYZX1708); (12120114081101) : (1989-214694323@qq.com : (1982-163.com ) E-mail: ) E-mail:liyanjun21023@
5 : 185 1 3 : CO 2 CO 2 3 : CO 2 ( [2] 3 : 3km 20km CO 2 ) CO 2 2 [2-319] CO 2 50 Ma [2] 217~432 0.63% ~ 7.78%(NaCl eqv ) 0.73~0.98g/cm 3 ; 50~70 Ma [22] 132~368 0.35% ~11.72% NaCl 0.57~0.98 g/cm 3[16] Au Ag As Sb Hg Au/Ag<5 [2-36-712] [28-9] [19] [20] [21] 1.1 ( [15] ) Mernagh [17] Yilgarn [2] ; (Lachlan) ( 3 : ) CO 2-H 2O CO 2 VCO 2 (K-Ar Rb-Sr Ar-Ar Nd- +LCO 2 ; LCO 2+LH 2O Sm U-Pb Re-Os) CH 4 195~400 60~400 MPa [8] 200~325 100~300 MPa ; <7% NaCl eqv 10% ( ) NaCl eqv (Lachlan) [2] 5% ~10% CO 2 (O H C S N) CO 2 <30% [2823] CO 2+H 2O Yilgarn S C 150~ [23] 375 300 26~300 MPa <7% NaCl eqv 12% NaCl eqv δ 18 O 5 ~11 CH 4 (5 ~25 ) (7 ~ [18] Yil- 10 ) [1723] ( 1) garn (Lachlan) ( 2) δ 15 N [17] [16] +10 ~ +24 [24] δ 15 N +6.5 ~ (<10% NaCl eqv ) +12 [25] δ 15 N + 1.5 ~ H 2O-H 2S±CO 2 CO 2 +10 [2426-27] 5%~20% 3% ~7% NaCl eqv H 2S - [28-91127] 0.01%~0.36% (ph=5.5 ( 3) ) [2-38] H 2O-CO 2 [48] 1.3 1.2 Tomkins [28] Au :1 Au ;2 Au
186 2018 1 H-O ( [23]) Fig.1 H-OisotopicdiagramsofArcheanandProterozoicorogenicgolddeposits 2 Fig.2 ( [2426]) Nisotopicdiagram ofarcheanandproterozoicorogenic golddepositsfrom CanadaandwesternAustrilia S Cu Mo Sb Bi W Pb Zn Te Hg As Ag S As [36-728-29] Au Au As S [30] ( CO 2 ) Au S (1) [11] : N 3FeS 2+2H 2O=3FeS+SO 2+2H 2S (1) H 2S HS - H + (2) [8] : H 2S=HS - +H + (2) 3 ( [2]) Fig.3 Sketchofsourcesofore-formingfluidsfororogenicgolddeposits
5 : 187 ph Eh Au Yilgrn [481028] CO 2 ( Abitibi 5%~20%) (3%~7% NaCl eqv ) (ph 5.5 ) H 2O- H 2S±CO 2 250~350 [3-481233] [33-35] CO 2 H 2S (Au[HS] 2 - ) Au[HS] - [4] 2 H 2 Au [831] : (3) ; Au[HS] - 2 +0.5H 2=Au( )+H 2S + HS - Au(s)+H 2S+HS - =Au[HS] - 2 +0.5H 2 (3) (4) (FeS 2 ) (FeS) Philips [8] S : [8] Rauchenstein-Martinek [32] FeO( )+2H 2S=FeS 2+H 2O+H 2 (5) LA-ICP-MS (Alpine) Fe 3O 4 ( )+6H 2S=3FeS 2+ 4H 2O+2H 2 (6) 10~1000 (4) (5) H 2S Eh H 2 (4) Au 0.5 10-9 ~5 10-9 3 10 10-9[4] As Ag Pb Zn Sb (crustalcontinuum model) [36] [4] (metamorphicdevolatilization mod- [27] el) [8] [1128] 3km 15~20km 180~700 1000 2 Au 10 5 ~5000 10 5 Pa ( [81132-33] ) Au [4] Au [4836] Au [8] Au ( 4-A) Philips [8] 2010 Au Au[HS] - 2 Au (Kal- Au goorlie) (Bendigo) [8] Au (Lachlan) [4] ph Eh Au (HodgkinsonProvince) [31] [36] H 2 CO 2 H 2S Klipwal Au Au Au [48] Lisitsin [4] 2 H 2O CO 2 4-b Au : Au (BIF) Au
188 2018 Au P-T [8] (H 2 CO 2 H 2S) 2 a. 4 P-t ( ) 3 P-t b. - - CO2/H2O ( ) S Cl 4 ( [8]) Fig.4 Sketchofthemetamorphicdevolatilizationmodelandtheprocessofmetamorphicdevolatilization 4 F O H N Sr Pb - ; Au [37] ; : 1321-1334. : (1) (233):2-26. LA-ICP-MS (2) LA-ICP-MS LA-ICP-MS genicgoldresources[j].economic Geology2011105(7): [2] GoldfarbRJGrovesDI.Orogenicgold:Commonorevolving fluidand metalsourcesthroughtime[j].lithos201515 [3] GrovesDIGoldfarb RJGebre-Mariam Metal.Orogenic golddeposits:aproposedclassificationinthecontextoftheir crustaldistributionandrelationshiptoothergolddeposittypes [J].OreGeologyReviews199813(1/5):7-27. [1] WilkinsonB HKeslerSE.Tectonic-difusionestimateoforo- [4] LisitsinV APitcairnIK.Orogenicgoldmineralsystemsofthe WesternLachlanOrogen(Victoria)andtheHodgkinsonProv- ince(queensland):crustalmetalsourcesandcrypticzonesof regionalfluidflow[j].oregeologyreviews201676(1):280-
5 : 189 295. [5] KerrichRGoldfarbRGrovesD. : 201545(8):1153-1168. ( )[J]. : 200030( 1):176. [6] GoldfarbRJGrovesDIGardolS.Orogenicgoldandgeologic time:aglobalsynthesis[j].oregeologyreviews200118(1/ 2):1-75. [7] GrovesDIGoldfarbRJKnox-RobinsonC Metal.Late-ki- nematictimingoforogenicgolddepositsandsignificancefor computer-basedexplorationtechniques withemphasisonthe YilgarnBlockWestern Australia[J].OreGeology Reviews 200017(1):1-38. [8] PhilipsG NPowelR.Formationofgolddeposits:A meta- morphicdevolatilizationmodel[j].journalofmetamorphicge- ology201028(6):689-718. itswithatheoreticalbasis[j].oregeologyreviews201565 (3):568-573. [10]. traland North Deborah gold depositsofthe Bendigo Gold [J]. 201534(1):21-38. [11]TomkinsA G.Windowsofmetamorphicsulfurliberationinthe crust:implicationsforgolddepositgenesis[j].geochimicaet CosmochimicaActa201074(11):3246-3259. [12] GrovesDI.Thecrustalcontinuum modelforlate-archaean lode-golddepositsoftheyilgarnblockwesternaustralia[j]. Mineralium Deposita199328(6):366-374. [15]. esis[j].economicgeology2011106(1):1-31. [J]. 200723(9):2085-2108. eastchina[j].oregeologyreviews201672(1):1053-1071. [9] PhilipsG NPowelR.Apracticalclassificationofgolddepos- [16]ChaiPSunJHouZetal.GeologicalfluidinclusionH-O-S- PbisotopeandAr-Argeochronologyconstraintsonthegene- sisofthenanchagolddepositsouthernjilinprovincenorth- [17]MernaghTPBastrakovE NZaw Ketal.Comparisonoffluid inclusiondataandmineralizationprocessesforaustralianoro- genicgoldandintrusion-relatedgoldsystems[j].actapetro- logicsinica200723(1):21-32. [18]. [34]. [J]. CO2 : H-O 200633(6):1181-1196. [J]. 201763(3):793-808. [19]LangJBakerT.Intrusion-relatedgoldsystems:Thepresent levelofunderstanding[j].mineralium Deposita200136(6): 477-489. [20] HagemannSGGebre-Mariam MGrovesDI.Surface-water influxinshalow-levelarcheanlode-golddepositsin Western Australia[J].Geology199412(22):1067-1070. denceforamagmaticoriginforarchaeangold-quartzveinore deposits[j].nature1986321:851-854. [22]. [J]. [23]. : [J]. 201029(5):577-590. [24]Kerrich YJR.Nitrogenisotopesystematicsofmesothermal lodegolddeposits:metamorphicgraniticmeteoric wateror mantleorigin [J].Geology199911(27):1051-1054. systems20045(7):1-21. ingfluidsfororogenicgold-bearingquartzveinsystemsinthe NorthAmericanCordilera:Constraintsfromareconnaissance studyofδ 15 NδDandδ 18 O[J].EconomicGeology200398 (1):109-123. [27]JiaYFLiXKerrichR.Stableisotope (OHSCand N) [21]BurrowsD RWoodPCSpoonerE T C.Carbonisotopeevi- [25]Jia YKerrich R.Nitrogen15-enrichedPrecambriankerogen andhydrothermalsystems[j].geochemistrygeophysicsgeo- [26]JiaYKerrichRGoldfarbR.Metamorphicoriginofore-form- systematicsofquartzveinsystemsintheturbidite-hostedcen- 721. [28]TomkinsA G.Onthesourceoforogenicgold[J].Geology 201341(12):1255-1256. FieldCentralVictoriaAustralia:Constraintsontheoriginof ore-formingfluids[j].economic Geology200196(4):705- [29]GrovesDISantosh M.ThegiantJiaodonggoldprovince:The keytoaunifiedmodelfororogenicgolddeposits [J].Geosci- [31]. [J]. 201332(4):162-170. gy2014385(1):70-83. [33]PhilipsG NPowelR.Formationofgolddeposits:Reviewand evaluationofthecontinuum model[j].earth-sciencereviews 200994(1/4):1-21. [35]. [J]. 200426(2):16-23. [13]. encefrontiers20167(3):409-417. [J]. 201532(8):37-39. [30]ThomasH VLargeREBulS Wetal.Pyriteandpyrrhotite [14]FrimmelH E.Earth'scontinentalcrustalgoldendowment[J]. texturesandcompositioninsedimentslaminatedquartzveins EarthandPlanetaryScienceLeters2008267(1/2):45-55. andreefsatbendigogold MineAustralia:Insightsfororegen- [32]Rauchenstein-MartinekKWagnerTW lemetal.goldcon- centrationsinmetamorphicfluids:a LA-ICPMSstudyoffluid inclusionsfromthealpineorogenicbelt[j].chemicalgeolo- [36]ChinnasamySSUkenRReinhardtJetal.Pressuretempera- tureandtimingofmineralizationofthesedimentaryrock-hos- tedorogenicgolddepositat Klipwalsoutheastern Kaapvaal CratonSouthAfrica[J].Mineralium Deposita201550(6): 739-766. [37]. LA-ICPMS [J]. : 2015 (10):3832-3840.
190 2018 LatestAdvancesofResearchesonOrogenicGoldDeposits KeKunjia a LiYanjun ab Niu Mingwei a LiuBen a (a.facultyofearthresources;b.nationaldemonstrationcenterforexperimentalmineral ExplorationEducationChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan430074China) Abstract:Theorogenicgolddepositisoneofthemostimportanttypesofgolddepositsintheworldandit isalsooneofthemostpopularinterestsintheinternationaldepositreseaches.significantadvanceshave beenmadeinthelatestdecadesincludingthesourcesofore-formingfluidsand materialsmetalogenic mechanismandmodel.studiesindicatethatore-formingfluidsandmaterialsoforogenicgolddepositsare dominantlyderivedfromthereleasedfluidsduringtheprocessofregion metamorphism ofthewaterrich volcanicsedimentaryrocksauelementpresentsasthecomplexofau(hs) 2 - andtransfersfromthedeep fracturetotheshalow migration.theco 2and H 2SnotonlyimprovethesolubilityofAuinthefluidbut alsoblockautoprecipitateanddiluteduring migration.metamorphicdefluid metalogenicmodelcanbe welusedtointerprettheorigintransportationandprecipitationoftheore-formingfluidsofthesedepos- its.thechemicalinteractionsbetweenmineralizedfluidsandhostrocksandrapiddepressurisationarethe twosignificantfactorsforgoldprecipitation.atthesametimethispapersuggeststhatthela-icp-msa- nalysisforindividualfluidinclusionshouldbeappliedtoresearchingtheoriginoforogenicgolddeposits. Keywords:orogenicgolddeposit;ore-formingfluid;ore-formingmaterial;mineralizationmechanism;met- alogenicmodel