引言

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1 BELL 18% 15% 50% 20% BELL 10% < 1> 4 TAB < 2> > (1) printf("%d %d %d", a, b, c); (2), "=" "+=" "+" "%" "&&" "&" "<<" "^" if(lcurrenttime >= MAX_TIME_VALUE) a = b + c; a *= 2; a = b ^ 2; (3)"!" "~" "++" "--" "&" *papple = 'a'; flag =!bisempty; p = &cmem; // "*" // "!" // "&"

2 i++; // "++","--" (4)"->" "." p->id = pid; // "->" () C/C++ ( < 3> if for do while switch case for (... )... // if (... )... // void DoExam( void )... // for (... )... // if (... )

3 ... // void DoExam( void )... // < 4> for if do while switch if (! ValidNi( ni ) )... // nrepssnind = SsnData[ index ].nrepssnindex ; nrepssnni = SsnData[ index ].ni ; char *pcontext; int nindex; long lcounter; pcontext = new (CString); if(pcontext == NULL) return FALSE; if (! ValidNi( ni ) )... // nrepssnind = SsnData[ index ].nrepssnindex ; nrepssnni = SsnData[ index ].ni ;

4 char *pcontext; int nindex; long lcounter; pcontext = new (CString); if(pcontext == NULL) return FALSE; < 5> if while for case default do if(pusercr == NULL) return; if( pusercr == NULL ) return; < 6> 80 memset(pdata->pdata + pdata->ncount, 0, (m_nmax - pdata->ncount) * sizeof(lpvoid)); CNoTrackObject* pvalue = (CNoTrackObject*)_afxThreadData->GetThreadValue(m_nSlot); for ( i = 0, j = 0 ; ( i < BufferKeyword[ WordIndex ].nwordlength ) && ( j < NewKeyword.nWordLength ) ; i ++, j ++ )... // < 7>

5 rect.length = 0 ; rect.width = 0 ; rect.length = width = 0; rect.length = 0 ; rect.width = 0 ; < 8> rect.top = 0; rect.left = 0; rect.right = 300; rect.bottom = 200; < 9> #define #define MAX_TASK_NUMBER 100 #define LEFT_X 10 #define BOTTOM_Y 400 #define MAX_TASK_NUMBER 100 #define LEFT_X 10 #define BOTTOM_Y 400 < 10> if( year % 4 == 0 year % 100!= 0 && year % 400 == 0 ) if((year % 4) == 0 ((year % 100)!= 0 && (year % 400) == 0))

6 %50% < 1> /* breceiveflag TRUE */ if ( breceiveflag == TRUE) /* mtp */ if ( breceiveflag == TURE) < 2> 1 /* */ nrepssnind = SsnData[ index ].nrepssnindex ; nrepssnni = SsnData[ index ].ni ; 2 nrepssnind = SsnData[ index ].nrepssnindex ; nrepssnni = SsnData[ index ].ni ; /* */ /* */ nrepssnind = SsnData[ index ].nrepssnindex ; nrepssnni = SsnData[ index ].ni ; < 3> ( )

7 /* */ #define MAX_ACT_TASK_NUMBER 1000 #define MAX_ACT_TASK_NUMBER 1000 /* */ /* SCCP */ enum SCCP_USER_PRIMITIVE N_UNITDATA_IND, /* SCCP */ N_UNITDATA_REQ, /* SCCP */ < 4> /********************************************* ********************************************/ < 5> /************************************************* // // // *************************************************/

8 < 6> /* SCCP */ /* */ // /* 0 1 GT GT 2 */ // < 7> /* */ /* */ /* GetListHead() */ // /* GetListHead()*/ /* */ // STUDENT_RECORD *pstudentrechead; < 8> /* */ if ((gsmbcie31->radiochreq >= DUAL_HR_RCR) && (gsmbcie32->radiochreq >= DUAL_HR_RCR)) gsmbcie31->radiochreq = FR_RCR; gsmbcie32->radiochreq = FR_RCR; else if ((gsmbcie31->radiochreq >= DUAL_HR_RCR) && (gsmbcie32->radiochreq == FR_RCR) ) gsmbcie31->radiochreq = FR_RCR; else if ((gsmbcie31->radiochreq == FR_RCR)

9 && (gsmbcie32->radiochreq >= DUAL_HR_RCR)) gsmbcie32->radiochreq = FR_RCR; /* ( ) */ < 9> switch break case switch(subt30state) case TA0: AT(CHANNEL, "AT+FCLASS=1 r", 0); if(t30status!= 0) return(1); InitFax(); /* */ AT(CHANNEL, "ATD r",-1); T1_Flg = 1; irescode = 0; /* break; */ /* CNG CED HDLC */ case TA1: irescode = GetModemMsg(CHANNEL); break; default: break; < 10> 2.2 Visual C++ < 1>

10 1) screen scrn, primtive prmv 2) Channel Activation ChanActiv Release Indication RelInd 3) Count of Failure FailCnt 4) Paging ing, Request ed PagReq 5) BSIC(Base Station Identification Code) MAP(Mobile Application Part) 1) Channel Chan Ch Length Len len 2) 3) 32 < 2> [] + [] + + () g_ Global g_myvar m_ m_listbox, m_size s_ static s_count h Handle hwnd p Pointer ptheword lp Long Point lpcmd a Array aerr b Boolean bisok by Byte bynum c Char cmychar i n Intger ntestnumber u Unsigned integer ucount ul Unsigned Long ultime w Word wpara

11 dw Double Word dwpara l Long lpara f Float ftotal s String stemp sz NULL sztrees fn Funtion fnadd enm enmdays x,y x,y < 3> #define MAX_SLOT_NUM 8 #define EI_ENCR_INFO 0x07 const int MAX_ARRAY < 4> typedef typedef typedef struct LOCAL_SPC_TABLE_STRU char int cvalid; nspccode[max_net_num]; LOCAL_SPC_TABLE ; < 5> typdef enum LAPD_ MDL_ASSIGN_REQ, LAPD_MDL_ASSIGN_IND, LAPD_DL_DATA_REQ, LAPD_DL_DATA_IND, LAPD_DL_UNIT_DATA_REQ, LAPD_DL_UNIT_DATA_IND,

12 LAPD_PRMV_TYPE; < 6> C CMyClass CO COM COMMyObjectClass CF COM class factory CFMyClassFactory I COM interface class IMyInterface CImpl COM implementation class CImplMyInterface < 7> void PerformSelfTest(void) ; void ProcChanAct(MSG_CHAN_ACTIV *pmsg, UC MsgLen); 2.3. < 1> 1) if ( strlen(strname) ) 2) for ( index = MAX_SSN_NUMBER; index ; index -- ) 3) while ( p && *p ) // p 1) if ( strlen(strname)!= 0 ) 2) for ( index = MAX_SSN_NUMBER; index!= 0 ; index -- ) 3) while ((p!= NULL) && (*p!= ' 0' )) < 2> if (( cond == GLRUN) #ifdef DEBUG #endif ) (cond == GLWAIT)

13 #ifdef DEBUG if( cond == GLRUN cond == GLWAIT ) #else if( cond == GLRUN ) #endif < 3> #ifdef EXPORT #else for ( i = 0; i < MAX_MSXRSM; i++ ) for ( i = 0; i < MAX_MSRSM; i++ ) #endif #ifdef EXPORT #define MAX_MS_RSM MAX_MSXRSM #else #define MAX_MS_RSM MAX_MSRSM #endif for( i = 0; i < MAX_MS_RSM; i++ ) < 4> #define REC_AREA(a, b) a * b #define REC_AREA(a, b) (a * b) #define REC_AREA(a, b) (a) * (b) #define REC_AREA(a, b) ((a) * (b))

14 < 5> for #define INIT_RECT_VALUE( a, b ) a = 0 ; b = 0 ; for ( index = 0 ; index < RECT_TOTAL_NUM ; index ++ ) INIT_RECT_VALUE( rect.a, rect.b ) ; #define INIT_RECT_VALUE( a, b ) a = 0 ; b = 0 ; for ( index = 0 ; index < RECT_TOTAL_NUM ; index ++ ) INIT_RECT_VALUE( rect[ index ].a, rect[ index ].b ) ; < 6> return break #define FOR_ALL for(i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) /* c 0 */ FOR_ALL c[i] = 0; #define CLOSE_FILE fclose (fp_local); fclose (fp_urban); return; < 7> #define SQUARE ((x) * (x))..

15 . w = SQUARE(++value); w = ((++value) * (++value)); value w = SQUARE(x); x++; < 8> if while for _ while ( *s++ == *t++ ) ; while( *s++ == *t++ ) /* */ while( *s++ == *t++ ) < 9> typedef struct _UI left, top, right, bottom; RECT; typedef struct _UI left; /* x */ _UI top; _UI right; _UI bottom; RECT; < 10> < 11>

16 #include "c: switch inc def.inc" #include "inc def.inc" #include "def.inc" < 12> imaxval = ( (a > b? a : b) > c? (a > b? a : b) : c ); itemp = ( a > b? a : b); imaxval = (itemp > b? itemp : b); "++" "--""+=" "-=" *pstatpoi++ += 1; *++pstatpoi += 1; *pstatpoi += 1; pstatpoi++; ++pstatpoi; *pstatpoi += 1; < 13>, for (uiuserno = 0; uiuserno < MAX_USER_NO; uiuserno++)...; /* */ psamplepointer = NULL; g_uicurrentuser = 0; /* */

17 for (uiuserno = 0; uiuserno < MAX_USER_NO; uiuserno++)...; /* */ g_uicurrentuser = 0; /* */ psamplepointer = NULL; < 14> < 15> 5 < 16> sizeof < 17> < 18> USER_RECORD *puser; puser = (USER_RECORD *) malloc (MAX_USER * sizeof(user_record)); < 19> goto < 20> program knots break goto for( i = 0; i < n; i++) beof = fscanf( pinputfile, "%d;", &x[i]); if( beof == EOF )

18 break; nsum += x[i]; for( i = 0; i < n && beof= EOF; i++) beof = fscanf( pinputfile, "%d;", &x[i]); if( beof!= EOF ) nsum += x[i]; < 21> /* */ #define ERR_DATE 1 /* */ #define ERR_TIME 2 /* */ #define ERR_TASK_NO 3 /* */ /* */ enum ERR_TYPE ERR_DATE = 1, /* */ ERR_TIME = 2, /* */ ERR_TASK_NO = 3 /* */ < 22> < 1>

19 if( bcondition == TRUE ) bflag = YES; if( bcondition == TRUE ) bflag = YES; < 2> void DoSomething(void) int Amicrtmrs, nrc; int ncode, nstatus; void DoSomething(void) int namicrtmrs; /* ICR */ int nrc; /* */ int ncode; /* */ int nstatus; /* */ < 3> < 4> < 5> value = ( a > b )? a : b ; int max( int a, int b ) return ( ( a > b )? a : b ) ;

20 value = max( a, b ) ; #define MAX( a, b ) ( ( ( a ) > ( b ) )? ( a ) : ( b ) ) value = MAX( a, b ) ; 4. < 1> < 2> < 3> 2K static < 4> A char amyarray[10]; for( i = 0; i <= 10; i++ ) amyarray[i] = 0; //i 10 B char amyarray[10]; char *pmyarray;

21 pmyarray = amyarray; --pmyarray; // pmyarray = amyarray; pmyarray += 10; // < 5> < 6> < 7> < 8> unsigned char cindex = 10; while( cindex-- >= 0 ) // cindex xFF char chr = 127; chr += 1; //127 chr 1 chr < 9> #define DELAY_MILLISECONDS char time; time = DELAY_MILLISECONDS; WaitTime( time ); 10 time DELAY_MILLISECONDS 16

22 < 10> C/C++=== &&& _ &&& _ bretflag = ( pmsg -> bretflag & RETURN_MASK ) ; bretflag = ( pmsg -> bretflag && RETURN_MASK ) ; < 11> typedef struct bit; int bit1 : 1; int bit2 : 1; int bit3 : 1; bit.bit1 = 1; bit.bit2 = 3; bit.bit3 = 6; printf("%d, %d, %d", bit.bit1, bit.bit2, bit.bit3 ); -1,-1, -2 : 1,3,6. < 12> switch default < 13> CPU Intel CPU CPU unsigned short int exam ; typedef struct _EXAM_BIT_STRU /* Intel */ unsigned int A1 : 1 ; /* bit 0 2 */ unsigned int A2 : 1 ; /* bit 1 1 */ unsigned int A3 : 1 ; /* bit 2 0 */ _EXAM_BIT ;

23 Intel CPU exam exam exam 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit... _EXAM_BIT A1 A2 A CPU exam exam exam 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit... _EXAM_BIT A3 A2 A1 < 14> C/C++ auto DOS BC MSC DOS C/C++ static < 15> P V < 16> CPU Intel CPU typedef struct _EXAMPLE_STRU unsigned int nexamone : 6 ; unsigned int nexamtwo : 3 ; // unsigned int nexamthree : 4 ; _EXAMPLE ;

24 typedef struct _EXAMPLE_STRU unsigned int nexamone : 6 ; unsigned int nfreeone unsigned int nexamtwo : 2 ; // bit : 3 ; // unsigned int nexamthree : 4 ; _EXAMPLE ; < 17> < 18> typedef unsigned char _UC ; typedef unsigned int _UI ; typedef struct _STUDENT_SCORE_STRU _UC szname[ 8 ] ; _UC cage ; _UC csex ; _UC cclass ; _UC csubject ; float fscore ; _STUDENT_SCORE ; typedef struct _STUDENT_STRU _UC szname[ 8 ] ; _UC cage ;

25 _UC csex ; _UC cclass ; _STUDENT ; typedef struct _STUDENT_SCORE_STRU _UI istudentindex ; _UC csubject ; float fscore ; _STUDENT_SCORE ; < 19> for ( i= 0 ; i< MAX_ADD_NUMBER ; i++ ) nsum += i; nbacksum = nsum ; /* */ BackSum = nsum ; or for ( i = 0 ; i < MAX_ADD_NUMBER ; i ++ ) nsum += i ; nbacksum = nsum ; /* */ < 20> < 21> < 22> CPU CPU

26 #define PAI fradius = fcirclelength / ( 2 * PAI ) ; #define PAI_RECIPROCAL ( 1 / ) // fradius = fcirclelength * PAI_RECIPROCAL / 2 ; < 23> =1 +=1 _ < 24> < 1> < 2> switch 2.5. < 1> #ifndef / #define / #endif EF.INC" #ifndef DEF_INC #define DEF_INC... #endif < 2> < 3> < 4> static char *GetFilename(int nfileno)

27 char szfilename[20]; sprintf( szfilename, "COUNT%d", nfileno); return szfilename; < 5> < 6> (void)fclose(fp); < 7> void C C++ int < 8> void int CheckData( ) ; int SetPoint( int, int ) ; int SetPoint( x, y ) int x, y; int CheckData( void ) ; int SetPoint( int x, int y ) ; < 9> < 10> < 11> SortInt()

28 void SortInt(int num, int *data); void SortInt(int num, int data[]); 2.6. < 1> < 2> < 3>.ext EXAMPLE.EXT /* */ #ifndef EXAMPLE_EXT #define EXAMPLE_EXT #define _EXAMPLE_DEBUG_ // // #ifdef _EXAMPLE_DEBUG_ #define _EXAMPLE_UNIT_TEST_ #define _EXAMPLE_ASSERT_TEST_ // // #endif... // #ifndef _EXAMPLE_UNIT_TEST_ //

29 #include <common.h> // #include <os.h> // #ifndef _SYSTEM_DEBUG_VERSION_ // DEBUG #endif #undef _EXAMPLE_UNIT_TEST_ #undef _EXAMPLE_ASSERT_TEST_... // #include <module.h> //... // #else // #endif typdef unsigned char _UC ; typdef unsigned long _UL ; #define TRUE 1... // #endif /* EXAMPLE.EXT */ /* */ < 4> < 5> C NULL 0L #ifdef _EXAM_ASSERT_TEST_ // void ExamAssert( char * szfilename, unsigned int nlineno ) printf( " n[exam] Assert failed: %s, line %u n", szfilename, nlineno ) ; abort( ) ;

30 #define EXAM_ASSERT( condition ) if ( condition ) // NULL ; else // ExamAssert( FILE, LINE ) #else // #define EXAM_ASSERT( condition ) NULL #endif /* ASSERT */ < 6> < 7> < 8> int ExamFunc( unsigned char *str ) EXAM_ASSERT( str!= NULL ) ; //... // < 9> #define EXAM_CONNECTIONLESS 0 // #define EXAM_CONNECTION 1 // int MsgProcess( _EXAM_MESSAGE *msg )

31 unsigned char cservice ; /* */ EXAM_ASSERT( msg!= NULL ) ; cservice = GetMsgServiceClass( msg ) ; EXAM_ASSERT( service!= EXAM_CONNECTION ) ; //... // < 10> OS/Compiler/Hardware int 2 EXAM_ASSERT( sizeof( int ) == 2 ) ; < 11> < 12> DEBUG DEBUG < 13> < 14> < 15> < 16> < 17> 2.7.

32 < 1> < 2> < 3> Borland C/C++#pragma warn _ #pragma warn -rvl // int DoExample( void ) // return #pragma warn +rvl //

附录 C/C++ 编码规范

附录 C/C++ 编码规范 C/C++ 编码规范 1. 引言今天人们越来越明白软件设计更多地是一种工程, 而不是一种个人艺术由于大型产品的开发通常由很多的人协同作战, 如果不统一编程规范, 最终合到一起的程序, 其可读性将较差, 这不仅给代码的理解带来障碍, 增加维护阶段的工作量, 同时不规范的代码隐含错误的可能性也比较大 BELL 实验室的研究资料表明, 软件错误中 18% 左右产生于概要设计阶段,15% 左右产生于详细设计阶段,