Microsoft PowerPoint - 01-ch01-4.ppt

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1 Chapter 01-4 TCP/IP Protocol Suite, VLANs, and VPNs WCB/McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002 Figure 2-15

2 PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network Circuit-Switching

3 Circuit-Switching Node

4 Def: Packet Switching 將資料切割成一段段封包 (packets) 再送收的交換技術 The use of packets Packet Switching Advantages Provides speed conversion Appears nonblocking Efficient utilization Disadvantages Complex routing and control Traffic congestion Delay - can be long and variable

5 Figure 24-2 TCP/IP and the OSI Model

6 Figure 24-3 IP Datagram Figure 24-5 Internet Classes

7 Figure 24-7 Class Ranges of Internet Addresses Figure Masking

8 Figure 5-3 Addresses in a network with and without subnetting Figure 5-6 Example 2

9 Figure 5-7 Comparison of a default mask and a subnet mask ABC 公司組織圖 ( 各部門個人用 PC 需求數 )

10 二樓 (2F): 品技部開發部公司機房資訊室開發部研發課品技部品管課技術課 Figure 5-10 Variable-length subnetting

11 Subnet: 子網路,Internet 上主機所在的區域網路 ( 切割網路成一些較小網路 ) 網際網路通訊傳輸媒介通訊傳輸媒介網際網路 Subnet Mask: 子網路遮罩, 用以決定本主機所在子網路的元件子網路 II 網際網路通訊傳輸媒介通訊傳輸媒介網際網路子網路 I A

12 Gateway: 閘道器, 一種可以將兩種不同網路系統連結在一起的裝置或電腦子網路 II C 網際網路通訊傳輸媒介通訊傳輸媒介網際網路子網路 I A --> B : 廣播 A --> C : 不同子網路透過閘道器 B A ms1.ccjc.edu.tw DNS: 網域名稱伺服器 (Domain Name Server), 用來提供 IP 位址的查詢服務子網路 II 網際網路通訊傳輸媒介通訊傳輸媒介 C ms2.nctu.edu.tw DNS A ms1.ccjc.edu.tw

13 網域名稱負責單位域名申請相關流程

14 域名收費標準

16 Figure 15-2 Client-server model Figure 15-3 Client-server relationship

17 Figure 15-5 Connectionless iterative server Figure 15-6 Connection-oriented concurrent server

18 Picture sources by Cisco Systems, Inc. Figure UDP Datagram Format

19 Figure 11-3 Port numbers Figure 11-6 Socket addresses

20 Figure TCP Segment Format Figure Three-way handshaking

21 Figure Four-way handshaking

Figure 24-14 Port Addresses Stop-and-Wait Flow Control Simplest form of Frame-Oriented Control Source may not send new frame until receiver acknowledges previous one Very

22 Figure Port Addresses Stop-and-Wait Flow Control Simplest form of Frame-Oriented Control Source may not send new frame until receiver acknowledges previous one Very inefficient, especially when a single message is broken into many small frames buffer size of receiver is limited if error, detected sooner and less data need be retransmitted

24 Error Correction Automatic Repeat request (ARQ) Stop-and-Wait ARQ

26 Figure 2-15 他人 LAN

27 Picture sources by Cisco Systems, Inc.

28 Windows Ping 工具程式參數

$ipconfig 參數表 ipconfig 使用範例 C:\>ipconfig /all Ethernet adapter 區域連線 : Connection-specific DNS Suffix. : dhcp.vbird.org Description........... : Realtek RTL8139(A) PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter Physical Address.$

30 ipconfig 參數表 ipconfig 使用範例 C:\>ipconfig /all Ethernet adapter 區域連線 : Connection-specific DNS Suffix. : dhcp.vbird.org Description : Realtek RTL8139(A) PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter Physical Address : B4 DHCP Enabled : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled.... : Yes IP Address : Subnet Mask : Default Gateway : DHCP Server : DNS Servers : Lease Obtained : 2005 年 11 月 24 日 AM 11:32:54 Lease Expires : 2005 年 11 月 27 日 AM 11:32:54 C:\> ipconfig /renew

31 Figure HTTP Transaction Figure URL

URL( 全球資源定址器 ) 格式 : 存取方法 :// 主機全名 : 埠號 / 路徑 / 檔名 example http://www.asia.edu.tw:80/ 教務處 /index.htm http://www.asia.edu.tw/ 教務處 /index.

32 URL( 全球資源定址器 ) 格式 : 存取方法 :// 主機全名 : 埠號 / 路徑 / 檔名 example 教務處 /index.htm 教務處 /index.htm ftp://ftp.asia.edu.tw mailto:rjchen@dragon.asia.edu.tw gopher://gopher.edu.tw Figure 25-8 Remote Login

Figure 25-10 FTP ftp: the file transfer protocol user at host FTP user interface FTP client local file system file transfer FTP server remote file system

33 Figure FTP ftp: the file transfer protocol user at host FTP user interface FTP client local file system file transfer FTP server remote file system transfer file to/from remote host client/server model client: side that initiates transfer (either to/from remote) server: remote host ftp: RFC 959 ftp server: port 21

ftp: separate control, data connections ftp client contacts ftp server at port 21, specifying TCP as transport protocol two parallel TCP connections opened: control: exchange commands, responses

34 ftp: separate control, data connections ftp client contacts ftp server at port 21, specifying TCP as transport protocol two parallel TCP connections opened: control: exchange commands, responses between client, server. out of band control data: file data to/from server ftp server maintains state : current directory, earlier th ti ti FTP client TCP control connection port 21 TCP data connection port 20 FTP server Figure 20-2 Opening the control connection McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000