, A 1,A 2,A 3 A 4, B 1,B 2,B 3 B 4, C 1,C 2,C 3 C 4,D 1,D 2,D 3 D 4 CS (mg/kg);, IR,100 mg/d;cf,, 10-6 kg/mg;ef, d/a,200d/a;

33 6 201312 BuletinofSoiland WaterConservation Vol.33,No.6 Dec.,2013 Pb,Cd,, (, 710055) (ICP MS) PbCd, PbCd, 1,, Pb > >,Cd > > >, PbCd3, 207 112 Cd PbCd, ; ; ; A 1000-288X(2013)06-0125-04 X53 CharacteristicsandRiskEvaluationofPolutionbyPb,CdandTheirIsotopes fromsurfacedustincultureandeducationdistrictinxi ancity LIU Li-zhong,MA Cheng-cheng,GUO Na,WEN Li (Schoolof Environmental & MunicipalEngineering, Xi an Universityof Architecture & Technology,Xi an,shaanxi710055,china) AbstractBasedonthemeasurementoftheheavy metalpbandcdseasonalcontentinthesurfacedustby ICP MSinthecultureandeducationdistrictinXi ancity,thearticleanalyzeditspolutioncharacteristics usingtheclassificationofgeologicalcumulativepolutionindex,evaluatedthehealthriskswiththehealth riskevaluationmethod.theresultshowedthatthecontentoftheheavymetalpbandcdcontentinthesur- facedustexceededitssoilbackgroundvalueoftheshaanxiprovinceandmostofthegeologicalcumulativein- dexwassmalerthan1,whichbelongedtotheslightpolutionwhilethepolutioninwinterwasmoreserious thantheotherseasons,ofwhichthecontentsofthemetalpbandcdwerehigherintheeasternsuburbwhile equalintherestsouthern,westernandnorthernsuburbs.amongthreeisotopesofpbandcd,thecontent of 207 Pband 112 Cdwerethehighest.TheaveragedailyexposureintakeofPbandCdwasthroughmouthby mistake,andintakeofcdwasmoreharmfulthanpb. Keywordsthecultureandeducationdistrict;surfacedust;heavymetal;riskevaluation Pb [1-2], Cd, 4 1, 1.1 (Pb) (Cd), 4, 2013-01-15 2013-03-28 (1975 ),( ),, E-mailliulizhong@ xauat.edu.cn

126 33 4, A 1,A 2,A 3 A 4, B 1,B 2,B 3 B 4, C 1,C 2,C 3 C 4,D 1,D 2,D 3 D 4 CS (mg/kg);, IR,100 mg/d;cf,, 10-6 kg/mg;ef, 64 2011 9 2012 250d/a,200d/a;ED, 7 4a, 30a;BW 1.2,70kg;AT, (70, 365)d, (ED EF)d;SA 0.1000~0.1500g,,, 800cm 2, [3], 1300cm 2 ;AF (ICP MS),0.2mg/cm 2 ;ABS, PbCd 1.3 m 3 /kg [9] 1.3.1 Muler, [4], 1 I geo=log2 C n /(K B n ) (1) I geo ;C n 3 CDI i HI= (5) ;B n i=1 RfD i [5],B n (Pb)=21.4 mg/kg,b n (Cd)= HI ;CDI i i 0.094mg/kg;K,K=1.5 i,pb 1 0.00035, 0.005250.0035mg/(kg d),cd3 I <0 0.001,0.000010.001mg/(kg d) Ⅱ 0~1 R Ⅲ 1~2 Ⅳ 2~3 R=CDI SF (6) Ⅴ 3~4 Cd SF 6.3 mg/(kg d) Ⅵ 4~5 2 Ⅶ 5~10 2 1.3.2 (USEPA) HI R, ( ) ( ) [6-8] <1 10-6 10 PbCd -6 ~10-4 1 10, CDI -4 [9] mg/(kg d) CDI = CS IR CF EF ED (2) CDI = CS CF SA AF ABS EF ED (3) CS PEF -1 IR EF ED CDI = (4) 0.001;PEF,1.36 10 9 (SF) [8-11] HI ;RfD i 2 2.1 PbCd 2.1.1 Pb 1, Pb 21.4mg/kg, -1.30~0.206; -1.56~0.449;

6 Pb,Cd 127-0.492~0.471; -0.362~0.323, ~15.886mg/kg4.873~15.077 mg/kg, 207 Pb Pb 206 Pb 208 Pb 206 Pb, 207 Pb 208 Pb Pb -2.654~-1.135, 3-2.603~-1.015-2.720~-1.090 206 Pb, 207 Pb Pb > > 208 Pb (0.373, Pb, 0.3780.408), (0.132,0.1000.097), (0.039,0.087 0.074), (0.202,0.145 [9] 0.169),, Pb, 206 Pb, 207 Pb 208 Pb [10] 3 1 Pb2 A1,A2,A3 A4 ;B1,B2,B3 B4 ;C1,C2,C3 C4 ;D1,D2,D3 D4 Cd 2.1.2 Cd 2, Cd 0.094mg/kg, -0.709~1.554; -3.561 ~0.595; -0.814~2.101; -1.764~ 2.185, Cd 3 Pb, Cd 2.2.2 Cd, > > >,4 Cd 110 Cd, 111 Cd 0.042~0.641 mg/kg, 0.221 mg/kg, 0.147, 83% Cd 2.2 PbCd 111 112 Cd (0.477, 2.2.1 Pb 0.5990.471), (0.481,0.5850.680), 3 Pb 206 Pb, 207 Pb 208 Pb 3, 0.119) Pb, Pb 206 Pb, 207 Pb 208 Pb 206 Pb, 207 Pb 208 Pb 5.099~14.616 mg/kg,5.283 112 Cd 4, 110 Cd, 111 Cd 112 Cd 0.011~0.141 mg/kg,, 0.010~0.207 mg/kg 0.014~0.242 mg/kg, Cd [11-13] Cd 112 Cd 110 Cd 111 Cd 110 Cd, 111 Cd (GB15618 1995) 112 Cd -3.637~, 0.003,-3.761~0.557-3.367~0.780 110 Cd, (0.899,1.249 1.147), (0.800,0.604 Cd, Cd

128 33, 4 Cd R Cd,, Cd CDI CDI CDI HI R 1 4.34 10-7 6.95 10-10 3.19 10-10 5.04 10-4 5.91 10-10 A 2 4.34 10-7 6.95 10-10 3.19 10-10 5.04 10-4 7.87 10-11 4 Cd 2.3 3, (1) 3 Pb Cd,, Pb Cd 3 4 3, 3 4, PbCd PbCd, > > Pb PbCd (2), Cd 207 Pb 206 Pb 208 Pb, 112 Cd HI 1, 110 Cd 111 Cd (3), PbCd PdHI CdPb CdHI, Pd Cd Cd R 10-6, > > Pb Cd Pd HI Cd CdHI, Pd Cd 3 Pb HI Cd R 10-6, CDICDICDI HI 1 4.97 10-5 7.95 10-8 3.65 10-8 0.0142 A 2 4.97 10-5 7.95 10-8 3.65 10-8 0.0142 3 4.97 10-5 1.29 10-7 3.65 10-8 0.0142 1 4.45 10-5 7.11 10-8 3.27 10-8 0.0127 B 2 4.45 10-5 7.11 10-8 3.27 10-8 0.0127 3 4.45 10-5 1.16 10-7 3.27 10-8 0.0127 1 4.40 10-5 7.03 10-8 3.23 10-8 0.0126 C 2 4.40 10-5 7.03 10-8 3.23 10-8 0.0126 3 4.40 10-5 1.14 10-7 3.23 10-8 0.0126 1 4.48 10-5 7.17 10-8 3.29 10-8 0.0128 D 2 4.48 10-5 7.17 10-8 3.29 10-8 0.0128 3 4.48 10-5 1.16 10-7 3.29 10-8 0.0128 A,B,C,D 4 ; 1,2,3 ;CDI mg/(kg d) 3 4.34 10-7 1.13 10-9 3.19 10-10 5.04 10-4 4.72 10-10 1 2.12 10-7 3.40 10-10 1.56 10-10 2.46 10-4 2.89 10-10 B 2 2.12 10-7 3.40 10-10 1.56 10-10 2.46 10-4 3.85 10-11 3 2.12 10-7 5.52 10-10 1.56 10-10 2.46 10-4 2.31 10-10 1 3.77 10-7 6.03 10-10 2.77 10-10 4.38 10-4 5.13 10-10 C 2 3.77 10-7 6.03 10-10 2.77 10-10 4.38 10-4 6.84 10-11 3 3.77 10-7 9.81 10-10 2.77 10-10 4.38 10-4 4.10 10-10 1 2.40 10-7 3.83 10-10 1.76 10-10 2.78 10-4 3.25 10-10 D 2 2.39 10-7 3.83 10-10 1.76 10-10 2.78 10-4 4.34 10-11 3 2.39 10-7 6.22 10-10 1.76 10-10 2.78 10-4 2.60 10-10 Cd [ ] [1],,,. [J].,2008,22(6) 990-997. [2],,. [J].,2010,23(1) 17-20. [3].JY/T015 1996 [S]., 1997. [4],,,. [J].,2010, 32(3)217-221,252. ( 135)

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