殾 櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐 殾 櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐櫐 殾 殾
CIP / 2008. 10 ISBN 978-7 - 80171-747 - 4 Ⅰ. Ⅱ. Ⅲ. - Ⅳ. P159-49 CIP 2008 155561 1 710 1000 1 /16 122 1350 2008 10 2008 10 1-5000 ISBN 978-7 - 80171-747 - 4 240. 00 10
1
2008 9 10 1 2
A Abell1185 1 Ar p295 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 2029 4 4 B BOSS 5 8C1433 + 63 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 1 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 14 14 C CoKuTau4 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 18
18 18 19 19 20 20 20 21 21 21 22 22 22 23 23 D 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 26 26 27 27 27 28 28 28 29 29 30 30 F 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 G GRB060218 36 Gliese876 36 googlesky 36 37 37 37 37 38 876 39 39 40 40 40 40 41 H 42 2
42 42 43 43 M64 43 44 44 44 45 45 46 46 46 47 47 47 48 48 49 J 50 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 53 53 54 55 T 56 56 57 57 K 58 58 59 59 60 60 L LBV1806-20 61 QB1 61 62 62 63 63 63 64 64 65 65 65 65 66 66 67 68 68 1 69 69 3
70 70 71 71 72 72 M 73 73 74 74 74 74 75 75 74 76 76 77 77 77 77 MAJ I 78 MAJ IC 78 78 79 79 M2 79 M13 80 80 80 81 N 82 82 Ngalaxy82 83 83 α 84 84 85 Q 86 α 86 S 86 87 87 M15 88 R 89 89 90 90 RCW38 90 RCW38 91 R2M1207 91 92 92 92 93 93 94 94 4
94 95 95 S S /2004S16 96 SN1987A 96 3K 96 97 97 98 M107 98 98 98 99 99 100 100 100 101 101 101 101 102 102 102 103 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 5 106 107 107 107 108 108 109 2 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 T 113 113 114 114 115 115 115 116 116 117 117 117 117 118 118 118 119
119 119 α 120 X - 1 120 120 121 121 121 122 122 122 123 123 123 124 124 125 125 125 126 126 127 127 127 128 M89 128 W W5 129 WIMPs 129 130 130 130 131 131 131 132 132 133 133 133 134 134 X 135 135 136 136 136 137 138 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 142 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 6
145 146 146 147 147 147 10 148 148 149 149 149 150 20780 150 89959 150 151 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 155 BL 155 156 157 Y 157 158 158 158 158 159 159 160 160 160 161 161 161 162 162 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 167 168 168 168 169 169 169 170 170 170 7
171 Z 171 172 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 176 177 177 178 179 8
A Abell1185 Abell1185 Arp105 Abell1185 100 400 Arp295 A 25 Arp295 Arp295 Arp295 2 7000 USNO2003 9 1 1604 1
1987 2 23 5 1604 16 1987A 400 20 A 6 1 /4 200 2
HⅠ A 50000 100000 50 90377 76 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 850 M17 3
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B BOSS BigOccultingSteerableSatellite 70 70 600 100000 99. 998% - 2 B 8C1433 + 63 1994 8C1433K63150 150 150 120 160 5
2 5 1970 3 20 20 2 5 1 3. 5 2 3 1 10 3 0 4 2 1 2 20 3 5 4 10 15 5 20 B 2060Chiron coma 95 /P 6
1988 11 15 47 250 9 25 12 36 16 24 5. 6 105 82 18. 3 4. 7 30 20 70 10 100 B 50 / 7
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SB S 15% 25% B NGC7000 15 1500 A1V 47 28 α β 10
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B 10 5000 100 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 200 1990 5 10 2 1500 2 3 14
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47 82 1690 34 F STSDiscoveryOV - 103 NASAKSC 1984 8 30 InternationalSpaceStation ISS 2010 NASA 23 7 10 28 2001 34
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G GRB060218 G GRB060218 2006 2 18 Swift 4. 4 2000 17 Gliese876 Gliese876 M4V 15 2 1 Gliese876 GJ436 googlesky GoogleSky 1 2 36
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1801 1 1 952 1 /4 1 /50 1 G M44 10 200 200 160 40
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H 1000 10000. M. 9 12 14 M 23 H 1. 0 1. 4 G 100 5400 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 6000K 42
M64 H 1784 M64 M64 M64 M64 10 M64 43
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10 1915 H K M 3500K 45
2005 600 0. 04AU 150 C 2006 3. 9 2. 6AU 220 C 4000 H 1954 51 Area51 1972 51 NGC7742 Seyfertgalaxy 7500 46
10 3 365. 25636 365 6 9 9. 5 200 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 300 H 700 10 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 14 0. 01% 20 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 60 10-8 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 10-5 - 47
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z 14 1 1 60 z1 2. 4 z2 4. 0 z1 z1 20. 5 1 /3 z2 80 J UFO UFO UFO UFO UFO NEAs delta - v NASA 433 4 1 2000 1000 1 52
10 32. 6 M m r M = m + 5-5lg r. J 1978 1980 1 1981 10 1986 S 10% 1987 1 30 000 300 53
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T J T 1 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 3 G 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 M T 1945 0. 3 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 3. 0 1 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 5 0. 6 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 86 F G K T HⅠ CaⅡ T T YY T T T 56
1982 6 30 1383 NASA 0. 03 X 8 GRBs 2 Ib Ic X 57 J
K K X 58
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1857 AlindafamilyGriquafamily K 1997 10 2004 22 7 3 60
L LBV1806-20 LBV1806-20 500-4000 150 200 LBV1806-20 45000 10% LBV1806-20 90 L 100 QB1 QB1 41 0. 15 1992QB1 15760 1992QB1QB1 QB1 - os Cubewanos 61
3C48 1960 3C273 1963 3C273 3C48 60 80 20 1500 1982 500 L 40 4C37. 43 3C249. 1 X 4C37. 43 3C249. 1 1 MM 62
L 155 2 7. 5 300 0. 021 1. 94 Gliese876Gliese876 2 10 8 350 CCD 3 / 1 / 63
1772 1906 5 5 5 L 3 21 8 α 3 4 53 73 ν 14 18 24 1000 6. 5 α 3. 68 1300 B1. 5Ⅲ β 3. 97 180 γ 64
4. 01 99 K3Ⅲ L 1969 1974 4 3 3 3 65
α γ β κ δ ε ζ α β L 2 3 20 1000 11 17 66
0. 01 1979XI 1979 8 30 10 59 P78-1 7 3 45 1981 1 27 1979XI 7 20 5000 1106 L 67
L 20 60 74 Messier74 68
1 1 1 815 1977 9 5 2005 1 140 90 87 1 1 13 NASA Pasadena L 1 10 11 2 1. 1 2020 2004 7 9 69
L M42 NGC1976 1656 16 4 1500 1880 9 30 15 70
4 L 7 12 23 Camelopardalis 1613 β 4. 03 1700 G0 5000 4. 0 8. 6 NGC1502 NGC2403 Sc 8. 4 IC342 SBc 9. 2 α 4. 29 25000 4100 α NGC1961 1. 1 Sb 71
10 NGC4414 60 NGC4414 NGC4414 NGC4414 L α Canopus - 0. 72-4. 7 200 6000 12 Canopus 1200 700 72
M 30 13 6000 5 700 10% 1 2 M 700K 130K 73
1904 1975 Himalia 2000 12 19 11 13 27. 5 M 1905 1975 Elara 11 13 27. 5 2000 S/2000J4 3. 2 23 279000 2. 6 / 728. 26 26. 59% 164. 914 4% 22. 8 7. 78 74
11. 86 7. 78 11 M150 1300 300 9 50 30 35400 1000 M 82% 17% 26 / 2. 6 M148 S 10 11. 2 60 1979 1 2 30 7 12. 8 1660 75
300 23 4 1. 3 74 M 74 3200 1 74 1780 74 2003 2005 3000 3000 2500 300 80 5 10 45 56 1960 76
X 1 M M45 2 500 350 5000 S00 MS1 40 1000 77
40 30 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 75 50 MAJI MajorityAgencyforJointIntelligence CIA MAJI MJ - 12 MAJI M MAJIC MAJIControlled MAJIC MAJI MAJI BlueTeam CraftRecovery 78
1967 1620 X X 10 15 / 2 M 120 thebinarypulsar thebinarypulsar PSR1913K16 PSR1913 + 16 PSR M2 M2 NGC7089 6. 8 4 M2 37 500 150 79
10 1746 9 11 Maraldi 1760 9 11 6. 5 M2 200 M2 M13 M13 NGC6205 16h41. 7m + 36 28' 5. 8 165 100 25 100 1974 M13 M M45 3000 13 128 417 4 13500K 2 200 8 3 100 28 BU 460 NGC1432 NGC2237 NGC2244 80
NGC2237 100 5000 NGC2237 Ⅱ NGC2237 NGC2238 NGC2239 NGC2244 NGC2246 NGC NGC2244 NGC2244 5200 130 10000 M 33 IC434 ζ ζ 19 1 1500 81
N N 12 7. 8636X10 + 9 J 6. 553X10 + 8 J α 16. 7 1. 6 7000 8 0. 77 16 Ngalaxy N Morgan1958 N 82
N α α α Procyon 15-20 2 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 3 0. 38 2. 64 11. 44 F5IV N 6. 9 6510 1896 10. 8 13. 1 40 2 1 1 M 48 8 25 53 53 83
α N α 22 1. 2m α 90 Dagon RigilKent 4. 2 Proxima 84
α C4. 22 399233 17 12 20-60 88 α β 2 4 7 N 85
Q Q NGC2237 6 NGC2244 1 5 1 2 α α 3. 93 KOⅢ 180 β 4. 2 A 4. 7 B 5. 2 C 6. 1 γ 3. 98 220 δ 4. 15 220 S 15 4. 7 S A 4. 8 B 7. 6 C 9. 9 D 9. 7 E 10. 0 F 7. 8 S NGC2264 86
2700 NGC2264 1 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 1000 150 1 /3 6 Q 100 15 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 300 50 1000 100 87
M15 Q M15 NGC7078 21 30. 0 12 10' 2000. 0 1957 M15 K648 M15 M15 F0-0. 08 25 14. 31 27 88 M15 13. 1 15. 1 T D 16. 0 15. 1 49500 M15 8' 6. 5 M15A M15 K648 3"13. 8 1980 21 27 34 K11 57' 14 1950 M15 1 Σ2799 7. 4 1 寓寓寓寓寓寓寓. 5 88
R R 1764 6 20 CharlesMessier 1. 5 24 Messier 24 10 Messier 25 89
1 000 30 000 M24 R RCW38 RCW38 100 5 90
RCW38 Vela 6000 100 X X X X X X X X X RCW38 RCW38 100 5 RCW38 Vela 6000 R 100 X X X X X X X X X R2M1207 R2M1207 2M1207b J2000. 0 12 7' 33. 4" - 39 32'54" 2MASS 2M 91
70ps M8 25 2005 12 EricMamajek 2M1207 53ps 173 21 R 1770 1 60 4 1. 2. 3. 92
1240 170 40 2 60 10 20 / 100 6 7 12 R 78 45 2 2 3 8 14 M8 M17 20 M20 μ 4 5600 2 5 4 93
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10 1938 157 1. 2 R 95
S S/2004S16 S/2004S16 2004 12 12 ScottS. Sheppard DavidC. Jewitt S/2004S16 4 22 611Mm 1269. 362 163 164 0. 131 SN1987A S 20 400 1987 2 23 SN1987A 100 20 NASA SN1987A SN1987A 1987 SN1987A 3 1990 3K 3k 0. 3 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 75 100 96
0. 3 0. 054 2. 7K 3K 0. 2 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 0. 3% 0. 3% 3k α 1. 39 1. 86 0. 79-3. 8 13B1IV 5 寓寓寓寓寓寓寓. 6. 410 S 8. 86 2. 8 7790 13 13 97
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3 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 180 IRAS 2003 8 25 Ⅱ 0. 1 10 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 10 1037 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 1041 / ED 102 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 106 0. 75 S Ⅱ Ⅰ N BL X 1066 99
S 6 15 α3. 00 β 3. 41 γ 4. 00 100
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33. 18 33 S 11 30 12 17-11 29 12 17 α 2. 08 A5 Ⅲ 0. 96 54 β2. 77 K2Ⅲ 99-0. 1 1 5 1972 35 Tharsis 104
20 alpha A + 1. 94 alpha B A3. 9 + 2. 92. alpha C 72. 5 S + 9 6 3 M51 105
S 19 10 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 20 1998 ZHR = 140 1862 1983 3200Phaethon 1. 4 0. 15 1997 12 0. 31 Phaethon 1-2m/cc 3gm/cc 0. 3gm/cc Phaethon 9. 0 HD 1950. 0 2000. 0 SAO 106
HD HD Durchmusterung SAO 258997 10 18 CarteduCiel 11. 0 4600 13 19 1891 1950 20 60 / 2000 S 105 76 350 4 8000 107
S 2003 3 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 180 IRAS 2003 8 25 Ⅱ 0. 1 1993 S 24 46 S 26 90 M 9 9 108
2 1991 9 17 4 4 2 8 7 S 2 1996 γ γ γ γ X γ > 2 γ γ γ 109
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1971 1 1983 2 7 1986 1973 T 1993 3 4 9 21 16 20 9 1994 7 17 1993 3 4 9 21 16 20 9 1994 7 17 16 N44F N44F 100 124
700 5 35 10 5 8 2001 4 30 - - T 125
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W W5 W5 7000 10 M16 70 WIMPs W WIMPs WIMP WIMPs 129
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X BL BL X 7 7 7 49 156
Y 1924 DH 1924 UV 11 460 300 Y 90 80% 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 90% 100 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 1000 157
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1993 3 27-9 21 11 1992 7 8 4. 3 1994 7 17 22 44-9 Z 1994 7 17 22-9 21 60 20 5 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 90 13 80 177
1960 90 13 1995 epsilon 12 Z 574 531 43 UrbainLeVerrier 1859 178
1. A. B. C. D. 2. A. 7. 9 / B. 11. 2 / C. 16. 7 / D. 110 耀耀耀耀耀耀耀耀 120 / 3. A. B. C. D. 4. A. 11 14 21 B. 5 9 16 C. 9 6 9 13 D. 12 6 12 13 5. A. 200 B. 50 C. 100 D. 150 179