Pu CaF 2 CaF 2 CaF 2 (nm) (10-26 /m 3 ) 0.5597 0.5471 0.5396 2.28 2.44 2.55 >> > Pu Pu (K) (10-6 K -1 ) (W/m/K) (GPa) 3643 3123 2623 9.67 10 11.4 14 (300 K) 6.2 (773 K) 2.4 (1773 K) 9.8 (300 K) 4.8 (773 K) 2.4 (1773 K) 4.48 (773 K) 1.97 (1773K) 138-249 193-214 -
Th 1633 K U 942 K 1049 K Pu Th U Pu FCC (-1633 K) BCC (-1960 K) (-942 K) (-1049 K) BCC (-1408 K) (-399 K) (-478 K) (-591 K ) FCC (-725 K) BCT (-749 K) BCC (-913 K) (nm) 0.5084 (FCC) 0.4110 (BCC,1723 K) - 0.3534 (BCC,1060 K) 0.4635 (FCC, 653 K) 0.3638 (BCC, 773 K) (10-26 M/m 3 ) 3.04 (FCC) 2.88 (BCC) - 4.57 (BCC) 4.01 (FCC) 4.16 (BCC) ThFCC BCCTh >> Pu > U
Th U Pu (K) (10-6 K -1 ) (W/m/K) (GPa) 1960 1408 913 11.4 (300 K) 14.9 (1223 K) 49.1 (300 K) 50.4 (700 K) 51.5 (1000 K) =1.310-7 m 14 (300 K) 25 (900 K) 27.6 (300 K) 36.4 (700 K) 43.9 (1000 K) =3.010-7 m 59 (300-400 K) -8.8 (FCC) 25.6 (BCC) 72.4 203 - - Th / ThC UC PuC NaCl NaCl NaCl (nm) (10-26 M/m 3 ) 0.5338 0.4961 0.4973 2.63 3.28 3.25 ThC >> PuC > UC ThN >> PuN > UN ThN UN PuN NaCl NaCl NaCl (nm) (10-26 M/m 3 ) 0.5159 0.4889 0.4905 2.91 3.42 3.39
ThC UC PuC (K) (10-6 K -1 ) (W/m/K) (GPa) ~2773 ~2673 1933 5.8 (300 K 1773 K) 35 (300 K) 37 (773 K) 10-11 - 32 (300 K) 7.3 (773 K) 7.6 (1273 K) ~3 (773 K) ~18 (1773 K) () 174 (calc) 225 - ThC ThN UN PuN (K) (10-6 K -1 ) (W/m/K) (GPa) 3193 (N 2 2.6 atm) 8.2 (1073 K-1573 K) 35-51 (300 K) 37-49 (773 K) 3078 ~2873 7-8 (500 K-1000 K) ~14 (300 K) ~20 (773 K) ~24 (1273 K) 11-17 (500 K-1500 K) 11-12 (700 K-1500 K) 262 (calc) 268 - ThN
(Th,U) 0.9-56 GWd/t0.1-5.2 %FP Th-O Th UFCC U UFP ThC/N UC/N UC/N UPu2-10 at%(th,u/pu) (Th,U) 1 2 U<10 at% 3 1. J. Cohen (1966), S. Hubert(2006) 2. K. Bakker et al., J. Nucl. Mater., 96 (1981) 305. 3. M. Murabayashi (1975), C. G. S. Pillai (2000), C. Cozzo (2010) (U,Pu) FP
JST SPS(U,Th) FP(U,Th) (Th,U) (Th,U) SPS (2 K-300 K) (400 K-1000 K) (300 K-1000 K) (300 K-1000 K) (300 K) (300 K)
SPS; Spark Plasma Sintering, (1000 A) + + - - - 10 % (K) 100 50 K/m 1373 K 1723~1873 K 95 100 K/m 873 K Relative density (%T.D.) 90 85 80 75 SPS-1 SPS-2 Pressureless sintering 80 K/m 10 30~33 SPS 70 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 U concentraiotion of Th 1-x U x,x 90 %T.D. 1873 K ~2 K/m 10 ~2 K/m 40
XRD Th 0.1 U 0.9 Th 0.2 U 0.8 Th 0.3 U 0.7 Th 0.5 U 0.5 Th 0.6 U 0.4 Th 0.7 U 0.3 Th 0.8 U 0.2 Th 0.9 U 0.1 JCPDS Intensity (a.u.) Th 0.4 U 0.6 SPS 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Diffraction angle, 2 (degree) XRD Thermal conductivity (W/cm/K) 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 This study Th 0.9 U 0.1 Th 0.8 U 0.2 Th 0.7 U 0.3 Th 0.6 U 0.4 Th 0.5 U 0.5 Th 0.4 U 0.6 Th 0.3 U 0.7 Literature data 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Temperature (K) * *Maxwell-Eucken=0.5
1 2 2 M r x(1 x) 4 s A M r x(1 x) x=0.5 U x=0.5u 290 2 2 S ( vl 2 vl 2 S L 2L t 3 v 43v ) E hk(9n 4VC) 2 D 1 v 2 2 3 S (1 v 2 v ) L v = L 1 3 Young's modulus (GPa) 280 270 260 250 240 230 220 Literature data, Macedo, Kanchana(calc.), MATPRO, Hagrman 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 U concentraiotion of Th 1-x U x,x This study Th 1-x U x *U * U
9 8 50 m 50 m Th 0.5 U 0.5 Vickers hardness (GPa) 7 6 5 This study Th 1-x U x Literature data Th 0.933 U 0.067, 100 % T.D., 86 % T.D., Syngle crystall, 93-94 % T.D. 4 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 U concentraiotion of Th 1-x U x,x 50 m U Th Platform C P dt Kw( T Tb) P( t) dt C P/ K w PPMS* *
3.5x10-4 3.0x10-4 2.5x10-4 2.0x10-4 1.5x10-4 1.0x10-4 5.0x10-5 Specific heat capacity (J/g/K) 0.0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 slope=3.17520e-07 C V T 3 (K 3 ) 12 5 4 T Nk = 411 K 3 S 0 (298.15 K) = 65.25 J/K 64.94 J/K10 K 80 G=VP-S 298 T Molar entropy S (J/K) 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Temperature, T (K) (Th,U)
(Th,U) (U,Th) 2 SPS 1873 K4090 %T.D. SPS(U,Th) 10 K FP (U,Th,Nd), (Th,Ce), FPTh
0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 This study (a) Literature data This study (b) Th 0.9 U 0.1 Literature data 0.4 0.3 Thermal expansion, L/L 0 (%) 0.2 0.1 0.0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 This study (c) Th 0.8 U 0.2 Literature data 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 This study (d) Th 0.7 U 0.3 Literature data 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Temperature (K) Displacement (mm) -0.2-0.4-0.6-0.8 Th 0.9 U 0.1 Th 0.8 U 0.2 Th 0.7 U 0.3 Th 0.6 U 0.4 Th 0.5 U 0.5 Th 0.4 U 0.6-1.0 Th 0.3 U 0.7 Th 0.2 U 0.8 Th 0.1 U 0.9-1.2 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 SPS Temperature (K) SPS- Th
0.560 Image 0.558 This study Th 1-x U x Lattice parameter, a (nm) 0.556 0.554 0.552 0.550 0.548 0.546 Literature data :Clausen :Taylor :Clausen :Hutchings 20 m 20 m Th U 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 U concentraiotion of Th 1-x U x,x Vegard 20 m Th 0.5 U 0.5 (raw) Intensity / a.u. JCPDS (01-071-6407) 100 m 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Diffraction angle, 2 / degree XRD 1 2 3 1 20 mm 50 MPa ~1600 85 %T.D. 2 15 mm 30 MPa ~1723 84 %T.D. 3 15 mm 50 MPa ~1723 93 %T.D. (Th,U)
Specific heat capacity (J/g/K) 0.34 0.32 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.24 0.22 C P (500 K - 700 K) This study Literature data 0.20 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 U concentraiotion of Th 1-x U x,x U
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