~~~~~~ ----------- 2004---16---7912 2004 1
~~~~~~ () http://www.cmpi.com.cn 2004 2 5 9:1 770 222 3000 ( 206 24), 0.150.4% 0.6% 1863 2
~~~~~~ 18501880 () 18891890 19011925 30, 60 () 3
~~~~~~ 650 () 4
~~~~~~ 770 222 3000 ( 206 24), 0.150.4% 0.6% 1863 18501880 () 18891890 19011925 30, 60 5
~~~~~~ () 650 6
~~~~~~ () <> 1 2 80-90% <> 7
~~~~~~ FE-FE3C, PSK,GS,E S, SA > P,SP > S, PSK,GS,ES PSK A1 GS A3 ES Acm, FE-FE3C A 1 A 3 Acm Ac1Ac3Accm Ar1,Ar3Arcm A1 P > SA A 1 A 1 0.0218%, 6.69%A 1 PA.77% 8
~~~~~~ A()F()Fe 3 C() AFFAA,A FAFe 3 CFe 3 C FA A, A P > A,A 1 A 1 A t, (A) A A P A A, P A A A A A A A A 9
~~~~~~ 10
~~~~~~ A 950 AC1 P > AAc1-Ac3 F > AAc3 A AC1 P > AAc1-AcmFe 3 C >A,A cm A A 11
~~~~~~ <> 1. 2. σ b,mn/m 2 σ s,mn/m 2 δ% ψ% HRC 530 280 32.5 49.3 1518 670720 340 1518 4550 1824 900 620 1820 48 4560 12
~~~~~~ 1100 720 78 1214 526 A. A Ø º 13
~~~~~~. º AAA > P ººº 14
~~~~~~ º º. º A. 15
~~~~~~ 16
2 B ~~~~~~ C 350M S 17
~~~~~~ º B 18
~~~~~~ 1C p5-22 2. 19
~~~~~~. 20
~~~~~~. A P s P P f PABP ABAPM S AM P5-25. 21
~~~~~~ M 22
~~~~~~ M.M 1% M M M 0.2%M M M A 1% 0.2% M M M M M % σ b,mn/m 2 σ s,mn/m 2 HRC δ% ψ% σ b,j/cm 2 0.250.25 1020 1530 8201330 3050 917 4065 60180 23
~~~~~~ 0.77 2350 2040 66 1 30 10 P5-22 M M M M M M M M M A P M A >M. M 1 PB A >M A FeFe Fe M 2M M 10-7 0.1 3MV 1c M s M M f M M s M f A M s M f 4M 0.5%M f A AAM s AAM AM f MAMA A >MA A A M 24
~~~~~~ -78ºC -183ºC A <>. 1 HB=160 ~ 230HB 2 3 4. Ac 3 20 ~ 60ºC 600ºC 30 F A. A A A 1. 25
~~~~~~ Ac 1 1000 ~ 2000ºC 10 ~ 15. A C1 20 ~ 40 C 600 C A C1. 600 ~ 650 C 200 C A c3 A cm. A c3 100 ~ 150 C A c3 50 ~ 100 C A c3 30 ~ 50 C. 26
~~~~~~ σ b,mn/m 2 δ 5,% σ b,mn/m 2 HB 650700 1520 4060 150 700800 1520 5080 200,. 1. 2. 160~230HB 160HB 1 3. 4. A 5. 27
~~~~~~ c3,ac1 k. tac3+(3070) C 28
~~~~~~ tac1+(3070) C Ac3 Ac1Ac3 Ac3 Ac1Acm e 3 C, >Me 3 Ce 3 C cm.e 3 Cs A M T12 Acm M. t=a*d t a D mm 600 750850 800900 11001300 29
~~~~~~ 50 0.30.4 1.01.2.. 50 0.450.5 1.21.5... 0.350.40 0.30.35... 1 A M 30
~~~~~~ MC 650 650550 C, A 1 Ms,,,Ms,,,, 2 /s 650500 300200 20 340 775 135 450 60 220 275 80 185 10%NaCL 20 580 2000 1900 1000 15%NaOH 20 560 2830 2750 775 10 20 433 230 60 65 10 80 430 230 70 55 Φ20mm (). 31
~~~~~~ a 650550 C 300200 C. b. Ms 32
M ~~~~~~ C M. 33
~~~~~~. Ms.. 1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4.. 1. 2. 3. 4. <> A 1 1 M A 34
~~~~~~ 2 M A 3.200C 100 C M ε M c/a α Fe ε.200300 C A A 200 C 300 C A A M M A.300400 C αεα Fe 3 Cα c/a 1.>400 C α α M 35
~~~~~~ A M. 1<250 C 45 α ε M M 2350500 C 36
~~~~~~ 45 M 3500650 C 45 M 4650 CA1. 37
~~~~~~.150250 C M HRC58-64.350500 C HRC3550.500650 C HB 200330 σ b,mn/m 2 δ% a k J/cm 2 HB 38
~~~~~~ 700800 1520 5080 163220 + 750850 2025 80120 210250 5-9 250350 C <> 39
~~~~~~.. >2.5%. 40
~~~~~~ b) Cr r. 41
~~~~~~ M 1.2.. 42
~~~~~~ 43
. 1. ~~~~~~ 200 ~ 300KHZ 0.52mm 2. 50010000HZ 28mm 3. 50HZ, 1015mm 4. 2040HZ, 3200 C 2000 C, <>. 1. 2.. 1. 2.. 44
~~~~~~ 1. 2. 3... 1 900 950 C 2 900950 C. 1 0.851.05% 1.+ M M 2. A 2 =0.10.2R R mm =0.20.3m m mm =0.20.3t t mm 45
~~~~~~. 1 0.85~1.05% 2 1. 900~950 C,+++ AAr 3, 2. ++ ++850900 C ++ 750800 C ++ 46
~~~~~~ 47