SIPv6 Design and Implementation of a SIPv6 Real-time Protocol Analysis/Testing System

Transcription

1 SIPv6 Design and Implementation of a SIPv6 Real-time Protocol Analysis/Testing System

2 SIPv6 Design and Implementation of a SIPv6 Real-time Protocol Analysis/Testing System Student Jain-Li Lai Advisor Dr. Yi-Bing Lin Advisor Dr. Whai-En Chen A Thesis Submitted to Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chiao Tung University in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master in Computer Science and Information Engineering June 2005 Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China

3 SIPv6 : 利 : 林 立 Voice over IP (VoIP) 行 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) IMS VoIP Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) 來 令 IMS IP version 6 (IPv6) 來 量 Quality of Service (QoS) IMS 來 見 Ethereal 六 Ethereal IMS 論 IMS SIPv6 Analyzer SIPv6 Analyzer 不 來 SIP SIP 令流 RTP 串流 論 SIPv6 Analyzer IMS i

4 Design and Implementation of a SIPv6 Real-time Protocol Analysis/Testing System Student: Jain-Li Lai Advisors: Dr.Yi-Bing Lin Dr.Whai-En Chen Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chiao Tung University Abstract Among the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) services, Voice over IP (VoIP) is one of the most important services. IMS utilizes Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) to transfer the VoIP signaling and multimedia information. IP version 6 (IPv6) is also employed in the IMS to provide large address space and new features including security, Quality of Service (QoS), and Plug-and-play. During the IMS service deployment, it is essential to utilize an analyzer to debug and investigate the IMS-related protocols. Ethereal is an open-source analyzer that can dissect more than 600 protocol headers. However, Ethereal does not provide specific functions for IMS services. To provide the desirable functions for the IMS services, this paper designs and implements a SIPv6 Analyzer. The SIPv6 Analyzer not only dissects the protocol headers but also provides the SIP dialog, SIP message flow, RTP replay and statistic functions for IMS services. Therefore, the SIPv6 Analyzer can help to develop and deploy the IMS services. ii

5 林 立 論 林 論 論 識 兩 勞 兩 不 論 勵 iii

6 錄... i Abstract... ii...iii 錄... iv 錄... vii 錄... x 論 IPv4/IPv SIP/SDP RTP... 7 SIPv 例 理 Protocol Viewer SIPv6 說 iv

7 說 GUI 列 列 Packet Viewer SIP SIP Viewer RTP RTP Viewer IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 流量 Statistic 例 SIP/IPv 六 論 來 參 錄 A A v

8 錄 B 6to4 Teredo B.1 6to B.2 Teredo 錄 C SIGTRAN C.1 SCTP C.2 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 錄 D 精靈 D D.2 Step-by-step D 錄參 vi

9 錄 1-1 IPv IPv SIP 例 SIP 令 例 RTP SIPv6 例 IPv6 流 例 Protocol Viewer 流 GUI 列 / 切 列 vii

10 濾 狀 SIP SIP 令 例 SIP 令流 SIP 令流 例 RTP IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 流量 SIP/IPv6 例 Bob 行 SIP Proxy Server SIP Proxy Server SIP Viewer SIP 令流 viii

11 5-6 RTP Viewer B-1 6to B-2 6to4 例 B-3 Teredo B-4 Teredo B-5 Origin Indication Authentication C-1 PSTN-based Signaling Over IP C-2 SCTP D-1 精靈 D-2 流 D-3 TCP/IPv6 流 D-4 ARP 流 ix

12 錄 1-1 IPv4 欄 說 IPv6 欄 說 SIP 欄 說 SDP 說 RTP 欄 說 Windows Multimedia API 列 C-1 SCTP Chunk 說 x

13 論 3G 行 IP All-IP 路 IP Multi-media Subsystem IMS [1] Session Initiation Protocol SIP [16] Internet Protocol version 6 IPv6 [27] 了 IMS SIP IPv6 Open Source 例 Ethereal [5] WinDump [33] TCPDump [32] 例 Sniffer Pro[31] 都 令 流 串流兩 SIP-based VoIP 例 Hammer Call Analyzer [10] 金 49,900 論 行 SIP IPv6 SIPv6 行 IP 路 Signal Transport SIGTRAN [11] 令 不 行 行 IPv6 SIP-based VoIP 了 更 SIPv6 來 Framework 來 都 易 SIPv6 參 錄 A 說 論 SIPv6 Internet Protocol version 4 IPv4 IPv6 SIP Session Description Protocol SDP [20] Real-time Transport Protocol RTP [9] SIPv6 6to4 Tunnel [2] Teredo [3] 兩 立 SIGTRAN 令 Stream Transmission Control Protocol SCTP [26] ISDN Q.921-User Adaptation IUA Layer [19] Message Transfer Part2 User Adaptation M2UA Layer [18] Message Transfer Part3 User Adaptation M3UA Layer [7] 流 6to4 Teredo SIGTRAN 說 參 錄 B C 1.1 IPv4/IPv6 SIPv6 IPv4 [12] IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 說 1

14 IPv4 Unreliable 連 Connectionless 路 Routing IPv4 1-1 IPv4 欄 說 1-1 列 Version Length Type Of Service Total Length Identification Flags Fragmentation Offset Time To Live Protocol Header Checksum Source Address Destination Address 1-1 IPv4 1-1 IPv4 欄 說 IPv4 欄 說 Version IP 4 Length IPv4 度 ( Option 度 ) Type of Service (TOS) 參 RFC760 Total Length IPv4 度 Identification IPv4 識 Flags IPv4 行切 Fragmentation offset IPv4 切 Time to live (TTL) IPv4 路 數 Protocol IPv4 Header checksum IPv4 Source address IPv4 來 32 Destination address IPv4 32 IPv 年 路 路 IPv4 不 路 來 IPv4 不 例 路 Network Address Translation [17] IPv4 不 Encapsulating Security Payload ESP Authentication Header AH [28][29] IPv4 Internet Engineering Task Force IETF 路 量 來 路 IPv6 IPv6 IPng Next Generation Internet Protocol IPv4 不 2

15 力 Auto-configuration 料流 Flow Label 欄 [30] IPv6 1-2 IPv6 欄 說 1-2 列 Version Traffic Class Flow Label Payload Length Next Header Hop Limit Source Address Destination Address 1-2 IPv6 1-2 IPv6 欄 說 IPv6 欄 說 Version IP 6 Traffic Class 參 RFC2474 Flow Label 流 路 理 流 Payload Length IPv6 度 Next Header IPv6 Hop Limit IPv4 TTL 欄 Source address IPv6 來 128 Destination address IPv

16 1.2 SIP/SDP SIP SDP 兩 說 SIP Transmission Control Protocol TCP [14] User Datagram Protocol UDP [15] 5060 SIP 來 Session 立 SIP 令 SIP Request SIP Response SIP SIP Method RFC 3261 六 SIP INVITE ACK CANCEL OPTIONS REGISTER BYE INVITE 來 立 ACK 來 INVITE Final Response 2xx 3xx 4xx 5xx 6xx CANCEL 來 立 SIP OPTIONS 來 SIP 力 REGISTER 來 SIP BYE 來 立 SIP 來 SIP 1xx 100~199 2xx 200~299 3xx 300~399 Redirect 4xx 5xx 6xx Alice SIP Server Bob 1 Register OK 3 INVITE Trying 5 INVITE Trying Ringing Ringing Pick Up OK OK 11 ACK On Hook RTP Stream BYE 200 OK 1-3 SIP 例 SIP 路 User Agent UA Proxy Server Redirect Server Registrar UA 利 SIP SIP 來 行 立 Proxy Server 路 4

17 SIP SIP Redirect Server 3xx UA SIP SIP Registrar UA Register 1-3 SIP 令流 例 SIP Alice Bob SIP UA SIP Server Proxy Server Registrar Bob IP REGISTER SIP Server IP SIP Server 200 OK Bob Alice Bob 行 SIP VoIP Alice Bob SIP Server INVITE SIP Server INVITE 100 Trying 理 INVITE SIP Server INVITE Bob Bob INVITE 100 Trying 理 INVITE Bob 180 Ringing 鈴狀 SIP Server 180 Ringing Alice Bob Bob 200 OK INVITE SIP Server 200 OK Alice Alice Bob 200 OK Bob ACK Bob 200 OK Alice Bob RTP 行 Alice Alice BYE Bob Bob 200 OK SIP Request SIP Response INVITE sip:lailee@2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8356 SIP/2.0 Call-ID: D82-E78B-8C78-EB2F9D6F6EEA@ Contact:sip:john@2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355:5060 Content-Length:135 Content-Type:application/sdp CSeq:1 INVITE From:sip: john@2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355;tag=c2lwoje0 To:sip:lailee@2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8356 Via:SIP/2.0/UDP 2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355;branch=z9hG v=0 o= IN IP6 2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355 s=session SDP c=in IP6 2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355 t=0 0 m=audio 9000 RTP/AVP a b SIP/ Forbidden c c Call-ID: D82-E78B-8C78-EB2F9D6F6EEA@ Content-Length:0 CSeq:1INVITE From:sip: john@2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355;tag=c2lwoje0 To:sip:lailee@2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8356 Via:SIP/2.0/UDP 2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355;branch=z9hG a b d c d Request Line Status Line Header Fields Body 1-4 SIP 令 例 SIP Universal Character Set Transformation Format UTF -8 [6] 令 1-4 SIP SIP SIP 令 行 Request Line 1-4 a 狀 行 Status Line 1-4 b 欄 Header Fields 1-4 c Body 1-4 d 行 SIP Uniform Resource Identifier URI 狀 行 欄 欄 欄 說 1-3 列 Content-Type 欄 5

18 1-3 SIP 欄 說 SIP 欄 說 Call-ID Call-ID 來 識 SIP Dialog SIP Call-ID From 行 SIP 來 SIP URI To SIP SIP URI Via SIP 路 路 Cseq 來 SIP SIP Max-Forwards SIP 令 SIP 欄 欄 零 SIP SIPv6 利 Call-ID 欄 來 SIP 類 Via Route 欄 來 SIP 令流 說 SIP 來 識 SIP Call-ID 來 路 Via Route Record-Route 欄 欄 參 RFC 3261 Call-ID 欄 來 識 SIP SIP Call-ID 兩 UA 行 SIP VoIP 來 立 INVITE 來 BYE SIP 令 都 Call-ID 都 SIP Via 欄 SIP 路 路 Route 欄 SIP 路 路 Record-Route 欄 來 Route 欄 Via Route 欄 SIP 令 行 路 1-4 SDP 說 v o s c b z k a t r m i 說 SDP ID 連 Key 數 6

19 u e p URI SDP UTF-8 SDP 串流 SDP 數行 <Type>=<Value> 1-4 SIP 1-4 列 SDP Type 說 SIP 例 v=0 SDP 0 o= IN IP6 2002:8c71:8355::8c71: 識 路 IN Internet IP6 IPv6 2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355 s=session SDP session SDP c=in IP6 2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355 連 路 IN Internet IPv6 2002:8c71:8355::8c71:8355 t=0 0 0 都 0 m=audio 9000 RTP/AVP RTP/AVP RTP over UDP 0 PCMU 8 PCMA 4 G G.729 SDP 參 RFC RTP RTP 說 Version P X CC M Payload Type Timestamp Sequence Number Synchronization Source (SSRC) Identifier Contributing Source (CSRC) Identifier 1-5 RTP RTP 料 RTP 留 路 力 不 Quality of Service RTP RTP 行 Sequence Number 欄 Payload Type 欄 7

20 TimeStamp 欄 RTP 行 串流 串流 行切 切 RTP RTP RTP 串流 行 理 RTP 1-5 RTP 欄 說 1-5 列 1-5 RTP 欄 說 RTP 欄 說 Version RTP 1 P (Padding bit) 欄 RTP Padding 不 RTP X(Extension bit) 欄 RTP CC(CSRC count) 錄 CSRC 數 M(Mark bit) Frame 識 Payload type RTP Sequence number RTP 來 RTP RTP Timestamp RTP SSRC 來識 串流 串流 SSRC CSRC RTP Mixer 串流 SSRC 列 參 RFC 3550 論 說 SIPv6 例 說 SIPv6 理 說 SIPv6 例來說 SIPv6 六 論 8

21 SIPv6 a User Interface Module e GUI f Packet Viewer g Protocol Viewer h Statistic Viewer 7 Configuration j i Dispatcher b d Packet Processing Module Memory Buffer 10 k Decapsulation c WinPcap Module 2-1 SIPv6 例 SIPv6 2-1 User Interface Module 2-1 a 理 Packet Processing Module 2-1 b WinPcap WinPcap Module 2-1 c 行 類 理 WinPcap Decapsulation Memory Buffer 2-1 d WinPcap 來 路 讀 TCP/IP SIPv6 WinPcap [34] 行 理 論 論 Graphic User Interface GUI 2-1 e Packet Viewer 2-1 f Protocol Viewer 2-1 g Statistic Viewer 2-1 h Dispatcher 2-1 i Configuration 9

22 2-1 j GUI Packet Viewer Ethereal [5] Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP [24] File Transfer Protocol FTP [13] Domain Name System DNS [22] 六 行 GUI Protocol Viewer VoIP SIP RTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol SCTP 行 SIP Protocol Viewer SIP SIP 類 SIP SIP 令流 SIP 流 GUI RTP Protocol Viewer RTP RTP 類 RTP SSRC 欄 度 GUI RTP PCMU/PCMA SCTP Protocol Viewer SCTP IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 GUI Statistic Viewer 行 流量 行 路流量 Dispatcher Pooling 理 Packet Viewer Protocol Viewer Statistic Viewer 行 GUI 行 參數 理 Decapsulation Module 2-1 k 立 WinPcap Interrupt 漏 Lost 度 Layer 2 例 Ethernet Layer 3 例 IPv4 IPv6 Layer 4 例 TCP UDP SCTP 行 行 Application Layer SIP 2.1 例 2-1 說 SIPv6 例 1 : GUI 路 路 Promiscuous 行 路 濾 Packet Filter Rule Dispatcher 行 參數 路 路 Media Access Control MAC 10

23 不 路 MAC 濾 來 行 例 濾 udp port 5060 來 SIP 行 理 行 率 行 理 行 漏 WinPcap Device Name 例 \Device\NPF_{8A4895E D-9E1B-3358CDBDA221} 來 路 參 Reference 讀 路 例 SiS 900-Based PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter GUI GUI 路 行 2 : 濾 行 : 立 料 WinPcap Application Programming Interface API WinPcap 路 行 濾 WinPcap 理 6 7 : Dispatcher Dispatcher 行 Dispatcher 立 行 行 Thread 6 行 行 行 理 Dispatcher 8 : 9 : WinPcap 路 行 11

24 10 : : Dispatcher 13 : Dispatcher Packet Viewer 行 14 : Packet Viewer Ethereal Ethereal GUI 15 : GUI 欄 列 Ethereal 狀 16 : Dispatcher Protocol Viewer 行 17 : Protocol Viewer 來 SIP RTP 若 SIP Protocol Viewer Call-ID 欄 SIP 類 更 SIP SIP 數 SIP SIP 數 GUI 若 RTP Protocol Viewer 欄 RTP SSRC 欄 RTP RTP 類 更 RTP RTP 數 RTP RTP 數 GUI 若 不 SIP RTP Protocol Viewer 欄 SCTP 若 SCTP Protocol Viewer SCTP Common SCTP IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令 若 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令 Protocol Viewer 12

25 SCTP Common GUI 不 Protocol Viewer 理 18 : 若 SIP GUI SIP SIP 列 SIP 數 更 SIP 數 SIP 列 SIP SIP 令流 若 RTP GUI RTP RTP 列 RTP 數 更 RTP 數 GUI GUI Windows Multimedia API [21] 行 RTP 若 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令 GUI SCTP Common 更 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 19 : Dispatcher Statistic Viewer 行 20 : Statistic Viewer 欄 更 錄 流量 數 數 更 IPv4/IPv6 數 數 流量 數 數 GUI 21 : GUI 數 更 流量 流量 13

26 理 理 IMS 說 2-1 k Protocol Viewer 2-1 g 理 3.1 理 Handler 3-1 a - i 理 欄 Memory Buffer b e f g h i ARP Handler ICMPv4 Handler SCTP Handler TCP Handler UDP Handler ICMPv6 Handler c IPv4 Handler IPv6 Handler d a Decapsulation Ethernet2 Handler WinPcap Module 3-1 Ethernet2 3-1 a Address Resoulution Protocol ARP 3-1 b 理 IPv4 3-1 c IPv6 3-1 d 理 ICMPv4 3-1 e SCTP 3-1 f TCP 3-1 g UDP 3-1 h ICMPv6 3-1 i 理 14

27 /* Definition of Protocol Descriptor */ typedef struct L234DMProtocolDescriptor { unsigned int type;/* Header type,i.e ETH2,ARP,IPV6 */ unsigned int len;/* Header length */ unsigned int bytesoffset;/* Start offset*/ L234DMProtocolDescriptor *next; /* Next header */ } *PL234DMProtocolDescriptor, **PPL234DMProtocolDescriptor; 3-2 Protocol Descriptor 料 3-2 類 度 理 串列 料 Raw Packet Portion Protocol Descriptors Portion a b c d e Ethernet2 IPv4 IPv6 TCP TCP Payload Memory Buffer 5 IPv4 Handler TCP Handler 3 4 IPv6 Handler WinPcap Module IPv6 流 例 3-3 說 IPv6 流 WinPcap IPv6 Ethernet2 理 行 理 Ethernet2 理 Ethernet2 3-3 a Ethernet2 Type 欄 IPv4 IPv4 理 IPv4 理 IPv4 3-3 b IPv4 Protocol 欄 IPv6 IPv6 理 IPv6 理 IPv6 3-3 c IPv6 Next Header 欄 TCP TCP 理 15 2 Ethernet2 Handler Decapsulation

28 3-3 4 TCP Handler 理 TCP 3-3 d TCP TCP 3-3 e 串列 料 串列 料 a 行 理 3.2 Protocol Viewer GUI a GUI Event Handler b c d SIP Packet Buffer RTP Packet Buffer SIGTRAN Packet Buffer e Application Layer Parser Protocol Viewer Dispatcher 3-4 Protocol Viewer Protocol Viewer SIP RTP SCTP 行 Protocol Viewer GUI 理 Event Handler 3-4 a SIP 3-4 b RTP 3-4 c SCTP 3-4 d Application Layer Parser 3-4 e GUI 理 理 GUI Windows Event [21] 例 SIP 流 RTP 串流 RTP SIP 令流 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 行 RTP 串流 SIP SIP Call-ID 欄 Map 料 C++ 料 [4] 來 SIP Pointer SIP 令流 GUI 理 Call-ID 欄 SIP SIP SIP 令 16

29 SIP 欄 IP 欄 來 IP 欄 Via 欄 Route 欄 SIP 令流 RTP SSRC 欄 欄 IP 欄 欄 Map 料 來 RTP 行 RTP GUI 理 SSRC 欄 欄 RTP RTP RTP 行 Window Multimedia API 3-1 行 RTP 3-1 Windows Multimedia API 列 API waveoutopen waveoutprepareheader waveoutwrite waveoutunprepareheader waveoutreset waveoutclose waveoutpause 說 料 ( 參 MSDN) 料 windows 料 行 料 SIGTRAN 料 來 IUA/M2UA/M3UA IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 GUI 理 SIGTRAN IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令 欄 IP 欄 來 IP 欄 SCTP 欄 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 Dispatcher 2-1 i 來 GNU osip2 [8] SIP 若 SIP SIP 理 若 不 SIP RTP 若 RTP RTP 理 若 不 RTP SCTP 若 SCTP SCTP Common SCTP IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令 若 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令 SIGTRAN 理 不 理 17

30 SIPv6 說 說 4.1 說 說 說 說 列 4-1 CPU Microsoft Windows 2000/XP/2003 Intel Celeron 1GHz 128MB 18.6MB WinPcap 3.0 ( ) Ethereal ( ) 路 路 a/b/g 路 流 Next 2 2 行 General Public License GPL 3 3 更 錄 不更 4 4 Full Installation 精 Compact Installation Customized Installation

31 6 6 列 行 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 流 19

32 4.1.3 SIPv6 Analyzer 0.1 SIPv6 Analyzer Un-install SIPv6 Analyzer 說 類來說 SIPv GUI Multiple Document Interface MDI [21] GUI a MDI 類 MDI 4-3 b IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 4-3 c 4-3 d SIP 令流 20

33 a c b d 4-3 GUI 列 File Help 兩 4-4 a 4-4 b Remote Capture Local Capture Open Offline Packet MDI Close Form Quit 說 About 列 4-4 c 列 MDI 切 MDI 列 MDI 行 列 MDI 列 MDI Help Menu b File Menu a System Toolbar c 4-4 列 21

34 4.2.3 Packet Viewer 4-5 a SIP SIP Viewer 4-5 b RTP RTP Viewer 4-5 c 流量 / Statistic 4-5 d 4-6 a 列來 4-6 b 切 列來 行 切 Packet Viewer Sub Page a SIP Viewer Sub Page b RTP Viewer Sub Page c Statistic Sub Page d 4-5 Sub Page Switch Button a Sub Page Tab Button b 4-6 / 切 列 列 4-7 列 / / 濾 22

35 4.2.3 說 列 4-7 列 / / 濾 / 濾 行 濾 濾 濾 Filter Rule 參 說

36 說 列 4-9 說 濾 Online Filter 濾 濾 Display Filter 濾 Promiscuous Mode Interval Time of realtime parsing 若 濾 濾 Online Filters 濾 路 Interface Rule 欄 濾 濾 Pcap [34] Load 濾 Set 濾 若 濾 Display Filter 濾 Display Filter 濾 濾 路 濾 說 來 濾 濾 濾 Load 濾 Load 4-10 濾 濾 濾 列 Name List 列 濾 濾 Name Rule 濾 列 Save 濾 濾 列 Delete 濾 24

37 濾 列 濾 Load 來 濾 Cancel 來 濾 4-10 濾 Local Capture 路 來 行 Remote Capture 路 來 行 讀 Pcap [34] 來 行 來說 File Menu a System Toolbar b 4-11 兩 MDI Local Capture 列 4-11 a b 25

38 4-12 Local Capture 4-12 行 路 Analysis Name 欄 路 Available Interface 列 路 + 行 路 路 列 路 Selected Interface 列 路 Selected Interface 列 路 路 Adapter Information 列 滑 路 路 Pcap instance name Description IP Address 路 Net mask OK 來 行 說 26

39 Remote Packet Capture 4-13 WinPcap3.0 WinPcap 狀 兩 MDI Remote Capture 列 4-14 a b File Menu a System Toolbar b 4-14 Remote Capture 4-15 行 路 Analysis Name 欄 來 Remote Host Port 27

40 Username Password Scan 行 路 路 Available Interface 列 路 來 路 列 路 路 列 Selected Interface 說 不 File Menu a System Toolbar b 4-16 MDI Open Offline Packet 列 4-16 a b MDI 28

41 4.2.6 來 說 Packet Viewer 列 Frame List NO. Time 來 Source Destination Encapsulation IPv4 IPv6 列 來 IP MAC 列 Detail Frame Information Ethereal 行 Protocol 更 六 ASCII 29

42 SIP SIP Viewer SIP SIP SIP SIP SIP 列 Dialog List SIP SIP Call-ID Caller Callee SIP 令 數 Packet Count 列 SIP 令 列 SIP Packet List 列 SIP 令 SIP 令 列 SIP 令 SIP 令 SIP 令 例 列 Dialog List 滑 SIP 令流 4-20 兩 流 Draw Flowchart 流 Draw Flowchart From Header 兩 SIP 令 流 30

43 路 IP 來 流 SIP 令 來 SIP 流 SIP 流 例 4-21 a b 4-20 SIP 令流 SIP flowchart a SIP flowchart from headers b 4-21 SIP 令流 例 31

44 RTP RTP Viewer RTP RTP 串流 RTP RTP 4-22 列 Session List RTP 串流 RTP 串流 Session SSRC SSRC 串流 Media Type 串流 數 Packet Count 串流 度 Length 列 RTP 串流 串流 例 Media Instance 列 PCMA PCMU 兩 串流 例列 來 例 Delete 例 例列 4-22 RTP 32

45 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 4-23 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 IUA M2UA M3UA 令 令流 4-23 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 流量 Statistic 流量 流量 狀 流量 流量 流量 33

46 流量 Host Traffic 列 流量 流量 Bytes 數 數 Packets Packet Distribution 狀 流量 Flow Statistic 流量 狀 列 Throughput 量 4-25 流量 Host Traffic 列 4-25 滑 切 34

47 例 SIP/IPv6 例來說 SIPv6 SIP/IPv6 例 6to4 SIP 令 SIP 令流 SIP 令流 RTP 串流 5.1 SIP/IPv6 Switch x Router Remote Analysis Alice SIPv6 Proxy Server Bob Analyzer IPv4: IPv4: IPv4: IPv4: IPv6:2002:8c71:8355::1 IPv6:2002:8c71:8351::1 IPv6:2002:8c71:834d::1 5-1 SIP/IPv6 例 SIP/IPv6 例 IP 5-1 SIPv6 UA( Alice) SIPv6 Proxy Server SIPv6 UA( Bob) Analyzer Alice Bob 行 IPv6-Enabled SIP UA UA IPv6-Enabled SIPv6 Proxy Server 行 IPv6-Enabled SIP Proxy Server PartySIP [23] Analyzer 行 SIPv6 例 Analyzer Bob 行 行 Alice SIPv6 Proxy Server Bob 行 SIP VoIP Alice SIPv6 Proxy Server Bob 6to4 行 IPv6 5-2 Bob 5-2 Analyzer Bob 行 Analyzer Remote Capture Bob 35

48 列 路 行 路 Bob 行 Bob 行 SIP VoIP SIPv6 Proxy Server SIP Proxy Server 5-4 a Alice SIP UA SIP Proxy Server SIPv6 Proxy Server 5-4 b Alice Bob 行 SIP VoIP 5-4 SIP Proxy Server SIP Proxy Server Run SIP Proxy Server a Assign SIP Proxy Server b Alice Bob SIP VoIP Analyzer Bob 行 SIPv6 Analyzer 說 36

49 SIP Viewer Sub Page a SIP Flowchart (I) b SIP Flowchart (II) c 5-5 SIP Viewer SIP 令流 37

50 SIP Viewer 路 SIP 類 理 SIP 列 便 行 令 例 Ethereal WinDump TCPDump 5-5 a SIP Viewer 了 Call-ID Caller Alice Callee Bob SIP VoIP Bob SIP 令 SIP Viewer SIP 列 SIP Packet List SIP SIP 列 SIP SIP 令 5-5 a SIP 列 SIP SIP 令流 更 易 SIP 令 流 5-5 b c SIP 令流 流 IPv6 流 Alice SIPv6 Proxy Server Bob SIP 令流 Bob SIP 令 流 5-5 b SIP 令流 Alice SIPv6 Proxy Server Bob SIP 令流 5-5 c SIP 令流 路 SIP 令 Via Route 欄 來 SIP 令流 SIP VoIP SIP 令 流 RTP Viewer 路 RTP 理 RTP 串流 行 5-6 RTP Viewer Alice Bob RTP 串流 列 Session List Session 欄 列 Bob RTP 串流 Alice RTP 串流 例 Media Instance 列 RTP 串流 例 行 5-6 RTP Viewer 38

51 六 論 來 論 行 SIP IPv6 SIPv6 SIP 令 SIP 令流 RTP 串流 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 流量 行 路 Ethereal 行 SIP 令 類 SIP 令 SIP 令流 SIP 令流 RTP 串流 RTP 串流 流量 狀 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 IUA/M2UA/M3UA 令流 2003 年 行 2004 年 IPv6 Appli- Contest 2004 IPv6 SIP-based VoIP 異 令 流 串流 來 SIP 令 SIP 令 RTP 串流 Secure RTP SRTP SIP 令 流 SIP 令 流 來 SIP 令 SIP 令 行 SIP 行 SIP 力 SIP 令 行 SIP 令 SIP 令 SIP 行 SIP 令 RTP 串流 RTP 串流 SRTP RTP SRTP SRTP 串流 SRTP 來說 39

52 參 [1] 3GPP. Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects;IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). 3GPP TS ,v.6.0.1,( ) [2] B.Carpenter, K. Moore. Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds. IETF RFC3056, Feb [3] C.Huitema. Teredo: Tunneling IPv6 over UDP through NATs. IETF Internet Draft, Feb [4] C++ Standard Template Library, [5] Ethereal, [6] F.Yergeau, Alis Technologies. UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO IETF RFC2279, Jan [7] G. Sidebottom, K. Morneault, J. Pastor-Balbas, et al. Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 3 (MTP3) - User Adaptation Layer(M3UA). IETF RFC3332, Sep [8] GNU osip2, [9] H. Schulzrinne, S. Casner, R. Frederick, et al. RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications. IETF RFC3550, Jul [10] Hammer Call Analyzer, [11] IETF SIGTRAN WG, [12] J.Postel. Internet Protocol. IETF RFC791, Sep [13] J. Postel, J. Reynolds, ISI. File Transfer Protocol. IETF RFC959, Oct [14] J.Postel.Transmission Control Protocol. IETF 793, Jan [15] J.Postel. User Datagram Protocol. IETF 768, Aug [16] J.Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne, G. Camarillo, et al. SIP: Session Initiation Protocol. IETF RFC3261, Jun [17]K. Egevang, P. Francis, NTT. The IP Network Address Translator (NAT). IETF RFC1631, May [18] K. Morneault, R. Dantu, G. Sidebottom, et al. Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 2 (MTP2) - User Adaptation Layer. IETF RFC3331, Sep [19] K. Morneault, S. Rengasami, M. Kalla, et al. ISDN Q.921-User Adaptation Layer. IETF RFC3057, Feb [20] M.Handley, V.Jacoboson, ISI/LBNL. SDP: Session Description Protocol. IETF RFC2327, Apr [21] MSDN, 40

53 [22] P. Mockapetris, ISI. Domain names - Implementation and Specification. IETF RFC1035, Nov [23] PartySIP, [24] R. Fielding, UC Irvine, J. Gettys, et al. Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1. IETF RFC2068, Jan [25] R. Gilligan, E. Nordmark, Sun Microsystems. Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers. IETF RFC2893, Aug [26] R. Stewart, Q. Xie, K. Morneault, et al. Stream Control Transmission Protocol. IETF RFC2960, Oct [27] S.Deering, R. Hinden. Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification. IETF RFC2460, Dec [28] S.Kent, R. Atkinson.IP Authentication Header. IETF RFC2402, Nov [29] S.Kent, R. Atkinson. IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP). IETF RFC2406, [30] Silvia Hagen. IPv6 Essentials. Oreilly [31] SnifferPro, Nov [32] TcpDump, [33] WinDump, [34] WinPcap, 41

54 錄 A A.1 易 On-line/Off-line 濾 路 RFC2460 IPv6 IP-in-IP Teredo SIP 令流 SIP 串流 (RTP) 流量 2 行 Microsoft Windows 2000/XP/2003 路 (10/100/1000Mbps Ethernet) 路 Ethereal 濾 BPF PCAP RTP PCMU PCMA RTP ( ) WinPcap3.0 rpcap Windows 42

55 錄 B 6to4 Teredo SIPv6 6to4 Teredo 兩 立 6to4 Teredo 兩 IPv4 路 IPv4 IPv6 路 IPv6 度 IPv6 數 IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 類 IPv4 IPv6 類 Dual Stack 立 Translation IPv4 IPv6 路 立 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6-only IPv4-only [3] B.1 6to4 6to4 說 立 6to4 路 IPv4 行 IPv6 說 6to4 Prefix 6to4 6to4 2002:IPv4_Address::/48 IPv IPv4 路 2002:1020:3040::/48 6to4 6to4 6to4 IPv6 6to4 80 行 行 IPv6 Host Native Native IPv6 IPv6 Network Network 6to4 Relay Router IPv4 IPv4 Network Network 6to4 Host 6to4 Router 6to4 Host 6to4 Host IPv6 Host 6to4 Tunnel B-1 6to4 6to4 Router 6to4 Host 6to4 Host 6to4 B-1 6to4 路 6to4 6to4 路 6to4 Relay 路 6to4 6to4 6to4 路 6to4 IPv4 行 IPv6 6to4 路 IPv6 路 IPv6 IPv4 43

56 行 IPv6 6to4 RFC 2893 IPv6-in-IPv4 Outer Inner IPv4 Header IPv6 Header Payload 2 IPv6 Header Payload IPv6 Header Payload 1 3 IPv4 IPv4 Network 6to4 Router A Network 6to4 Router B 6to4 Host B a 6to4 Example(I) Outer IPv4 Header Inner IPv6 Header Payload 2 IPv6 Header Payload IPv6 Header 1 3 Native IPv4 Native IPv6 IPv6 IPv4 Network Network Network 6to4 Network 6to4 Relay Router Y Router Z b 6to4 Example (II) B-2 6to4 例 Payload 6to4 Host Z B-2 a 說 6to4 IPv4 IPv6 6to4 A IPv6 6to4 B 6to4 A IPv6 6to4 路 A B-2 a 1 6to4 路 A IPv6 6to4 6to4 B 6to4 6to4 IPv4_Address 立 6to4 路 B B-2 a 2 6to4 路 B 6to4 B B-2 a 3 B-2 b 說 IPv6 6to4 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6 X IPv6 6to4 Z IPv6 X IPv6 6to4 路 Y B-2 b 1 6to4 路 Y IPv6 6to4 6to4 Z 6to4 立 6to4 路 Z B-2 b 2 6to4 路 Z 6to4 Z B-2 b 3 44

57 B.2 Teredo 6to4 Automatic [25] Public 路 Routable IPv4 行 立 NAT 路 Private IPv4 立 來 行 IPv6 Teredo NAT IPv6 路 行 Teredo Client NAT IPv4 IPv4 Network Network Teredo Server Teredo Relay B-3 Teredo IPv6 IPv6 Network Network IPv6 Host Teredo B-3 Teredo 路 Teredo Client Teredo Server Teredo Relay Teredo Client NAT NAT 行 IPv6 Teredo Server Teredo Cleint 連 IPv6 路 立 Teredo IPv6 [1] Teredo Relay Teredo Client IPv6 路 IPv6 Teredo Teredo Client Teredo Server 立 Teredo IPv6 立 Teredo IPv6 Teredo Client Teredo Relay 立 Teredo Client IPv6 路 行 a b c IPv4 Header UDP Header IPv6 Packet IPv4 Header UDP Header Origin Indication IPv6 Packet IPv4 Header UDP Header Authentication IPv6 Packet d IPv4 Header UDP Header Authentication Origin Indication B-4 Teredo IPv6 Packet Teredo B-4 a 來 IPv6 b Teredo Client Teredo Server 立 Teredo IPv6 c a d b Origin Indication Authentication B-5 Origin Indication Teredo Client 立 Teredo IPv6 Origin port 欄 Teredo Client NAT Origin IPv4 Adderss 欄 Teredo Client 45

58 NAT IPv4 Authentication 來 行 欄 說 參 Teredo x00 0x00 Origin port Origin IPv4 address x00 0x00 ID-len AU-len Client identifier (Length:ID-len) Authentication value (Length:AU-len) Nonce Confirm B-5 Origin Indication Authentication 46

59 錄 C SIGTRAN SIGTRAN IETF SIGTRAN IP 路 PSTN 令 PSTN-based Signaling SIGTRAN SCTP IUA Layer M2UA Layer M3UA Layer C-1 SS7 IUA/M2UA/M3UA TCP/UDP SCTP IP Link Layer C-1 PSTN-based Signaling Over IP C.1 SCTP SIGTRAN PSTN 令 SCTP TCP SCTP 連 Connection-Oriented Message-Oriented SCTP 串流 Multi-Stream Multi-Homing Unordered Reliable Message Delivery [2] SCTP SCTP Common Chunk C-2 SCTP Common Source port number 欄 來 Destination port number 欄 Verification tag 欄 來 SCTP Checksum 欄 SCTP Chunk C-1 列 47

60 Source port number Destination port number Verification tag Checksum SCTP Chunks C-2 SCTP C-1 SCTP Chunk 說 Chunk Chunk Payload Data DATA 料 Initiation INIT SCTP 連 Initiation Acknowledgement INIT ACK INIT Chunk Selective Acknowledgement SACK 料 Heartbeat Request HEARTBEAT 來 SCTP 連 Heartbeat Acknowledgement HEARTBEAT ACK HEARTBEAT Chunk Abort ABORT 離 SCTP 連 Shutdown SHUTDOWN SCTP 連 Shutdown Acknowledgement SHUTDOWN ACK SHUTDOWN Chunk Operation Error ERROR State Cookie COOKIE ECHO SCTP 連 參 RFC2960 Cookie Acknowledgement COOKIE ACK COOKIE chunk C.2 IUA/M2UA/M3UA IUA Layer Q.921 Signaling System Number 7 SS7 Q.931 M2UA Layer Message Transfer Part2 MTP2 SS7 Message Transfer Part3 MTP3 M3UA Layer MTP3 SS7 Signaling Connection Control Part SCCP ISDN User Part ISUP 48

61 錄 D 精靈 2003 年 精靈 D-1 精靈 Step-by-step 路 流量狀 路 路 流量 便 路 利 來 路流量狀 Step-by-step 領 立 立 D-1 精靈 D.1 流 D-2 精靈 路 列 Send captured packets D Load 來 3 3 Send 來 49

62 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 D-2 流 D.2 Step-by-step Step-by-step 精靈 來 立 TCP 流 TCP TCP IP 路 D-3 立 TCP/IPv6 精靈 路 列 立 Create new packet New packet payload 3 3 Load 料 TCP TCP 4 TCP 立 4 TCP IPv6 5 TCP 立 5 IPv6 路 6 IPv6 立 6 路 Send Out 7 路 立 7 精靈 立 7 數 50

63 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step D-3 TCP/IPv6 流 7 51

64 D.3 立 來 立 ARP TCP D-4 ARP 精靈 路 列 立 Create new packet D Packet template 3 3 ARP ARP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 D-4 ARP 流 52

65 錄參 [1] C.Huitema. Teredo: Tunneling IPv6 over UDP through NATs. IETF Internet Draft, Feb [2] R. Stewart, Q. Xie, K. Morneault, et al. Stream Control Transmission Protocol. IETF RFC2960, Oct [3] Silvia Hagen. IPv6 Essentials. Oreilly