( ) Medical Imaging II 1of 103
Ultrasound Imaging 2of 103
雷 率 20 KHz 3of 103
了? 4of 103
理 離 5of 103
(probe, transducer) (piezoelectric) 類 6of 103
料 7of 103
理 To ultrasound transmitter/receiver Coaxial cable Transducer housing Acoustic absorber Electrodes Backing block Piezoelectric crystal Matching layer 理不 了 8of 103
: Pulse echo mode : 0.1~500 MHz 9of 103
10 of 103
理 離 11 of 103
( 類 ) 度 ( ) 異 量 12 of 103
Acoustic Impedance ( ) 1.48 1484 (m/sec) 1.61 1550 1.62 1550 1.38 1450 1.65 1570 1.62 1560 6.0 3360 17.0 6420 0.0004 343 13 of 103
都 14 of 103
理 離 15 of 103
16 of 103
Amplitude (A) mode Brightness (B) mode Motion (M) mode Color Doppler 流 17 of 103
A Mode 離 度 = 18 of 103
A Mode Ultrasound 見 了 19 of 103
B Mode 亮度 見 臨 20 of 103
B Mode Ultrasound 理 A mode 數 亮度 21 of 103
B Mode Ultrasound 理 Linear or curvi-linear 22 of 103
B Mode Ultrasound 23 of 103
B Mode = 2 x 離 / 40 cm ~ 0.5 msec 留 ~ 1/16 sec real time imaging 24 of 103
Real Time Imaging Interactive ( ) 不 不 25 of 103
M Mode + 亮度 = vs. 26 of 103
M Mode Ultrasound 27 of 103
Color Doppler Ultrasound 利 勒 流 度 率 ( ) 度 率 流 28 of 103
勒 了? 29 of 103
Doppler Ultrasound 量 流 30 of 103
劣 廉 portable 療 力 : 不 度 bodytype dependent image quality 31 of 103
Magnetic Resonance 32 of 103
禮 MRI ( ) 說 量 不 33 of 103
: 理 Nuclear magnetic resonance : 量 粒 量 + = 量 ( 螺 ) + = ( ) 34 of 103
力 力 35 of 103
不 列 列 36 of 103
了 Bloch & Purcell : (1952 Nobel prize) MRI : 37 of 103
MRI 亮 38 of 103
GE Signa 1.5 Tesla 39 of 103
不 利 Ernst : Pulsed & FT-NMR (1992 Nobel prize) MRI : 40 of 103
(Surface Coils) 3, 5, 5 x11 lumbar 41 of 103
流 42 of 103
Free Induction Decay (FID) Spectrum ( 31 P) 立葉 Text 43 of 103
1-D -31 度 = 量 44 of 103
2-D 1 H COSY 例 45 of 103
例 Text 46 of 103
NMR 來 理 了 ( ) 47 of 103
度 不 Lauterbur : (2003 Nobel prize) MRI : 度 48 of 103
度 度 Z gradient coil 49 of 103
率 Bo 50 of 103
NMR 來 利 類 CT 理 理 了數 51 of 103
類 什? 不? Damadian : 異 (relaxation) MRI : 52 of 103
異 神 (glioma) T1- & T2-53 of 103
NMR 來 利 理 了臨 54 of 103
便 view Transaxial coronal sagittal 度 度切 55 of 103
MRI Axial Sagittal Coronal 56 of 103
利 ( 度 ) 切 Bo Bo 57 of 103
: (recumbent) 立 (weight bearing) 58 of 103
度 lumbar sacrum 59 of 103
MRI (brain) T1 T2 度 CT 不 力 60 of 103
MRI PDWI T1WI T2WI 61 of 103
MRI (hemorrhage) T1 PD T2 T2* 62 of 103
不 來! 63 of 103
類 來了 療 MRI 理 了 64 of 103
良 度 度 度 65 of 103
Alderman-Grant coil Birdcage RF coil 66 of 103
列 (phased-array coil) 67 of 103
列 (phased-array coil) Spine phased array 68 of 103
Spine Phased Array FOV 69 of 103
度 ( T2 ) SE (8 min) TSE (30 sec) 70 of 103
度 (EPI) RF t G z t G y t G x t 2-sec IR preparation + instant scan 71 of 103
(myelination) MRI 2D TrueFISP (1 sec scan) 72 of 103
in utero MRI Histology Immature cortex Intermediate zone Row of migrating neurons Germinal matrix 22 weeks gestation 73 of 103
度 (< 0.2 mm) inferior sagittal sinus posterior pericallosal vein fornix epithalamic vein with tributaries superior vermian vein precentral cerebellar vein mamillary body sagittal slice (8 Tesla) 74 of 103
影像解析度的提升 (25 um) Rat kidney (7 Tesla) 75 of 103
( ) 不 MRA 76 of 103
In-phase 77 of 103
(Multiple Sclerosis) reactivation Pre-Contrast Post-Contrast 78 of 103
CSF (FLAIR) T1WI T2WI FLAIR 79 of 103
3D Time-Of-Flight MRA Text 80 of 103
更 : 流 量 流 神 81 of 103
流流 量 ( reversed flow) SVC flow cardiac phase SVC flow profile in one cardiac cycle 82 of 103
hyperacute T2 5 after symptom onset 83 of 103
流 (perfusion) 列 量 (CBV) 84 of 103
MR 療 例 Stroke 2.5 hours 13 hours after I.A. Urokinase thrombolysis rmtt rmtt rcbv rcbv 85 of 103
( 刺 ) : : 神 86 of 103
( 刺 ) Cortical surface Cortical inflation 87 of 103
樂 professional amateur corrected p-value 0.05 corrected p-value 0.05 88 of 103
不 (Anisotropy) 89 of 103
tracking ( 量 ) 90 of 103
量神 (tumor) : anatomy : 神 91 of 103
神 Sagittal Coronal 92 of 103
更 : MRI Chemical shift imaging (CSI) + + =? 93 of 103
94 of 103
MR T1 95 of 103
NMR 來 理 連 了臨 96 of 103
MRI 臨 利益 良 類 97 of 103
了? 98 of 103
例 99 of 103
: Case by Case (calcification)???! 100 of 103
論 : 數 不 $ : PET > MRI > CT > X > US?? 101 of 103
參 Mould RF, A century of X-rays and radioactivity in medicine: with emphasis on photographic records of the early years. Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol, UK, 1993. Bushberg JT et al., The essential physics of medical imaging, 2nd Ed. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MA, 2001. Bernier DR et al.(ed), Nuclear medicine: technology and techniques, 4th Ed. Mosby, St. Louis, Missouri, 1997. Donohoe KJ et al., Teaching atlas of nuclear medicine. Thieme, New York, NY, 2000. Ultrasound imaging materials courtesy of Prof. Li Pai-Chi. Magnetic resonance imaging materials from my own course 102 of 103
Medical Imaging 103 of 103