1.3
56,,,,, :,, 1953,, 1953,1953,,1953,,,,,,,,, () ,30118, 34, ;,4912 %,5614 %, 1,1953, 1119, ,, , , 1111 (
,,,,, ( [2001 ]318 ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : : (010) : (010) : ,,,,,,,,;,,, :
!! )!!! +,./ 0 1 +, 2 3 4, # 8,2 6, 2 6,,2 6, 2 6 3,2 6 5, 2 6 3, 2 6 9!, , 2 6 9, 2 3 9, 2 6 9,
50,,,,,, , , , , ,,, ( ), (,1993 :146),, , %,,, , , 2218 (,199
,,,,, 1970,,, ( ), ( ),,, ( ) ( ),,, ( ) ( ),,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,, (, ),,, :,,,,,,,, 64, 1970,,
[12], ;, [13],, [14] ;, [15],, 30 [16] [17~20],,,,,, , 2010 (v i ) (pi) (s i ) (m i ) (n i )5, [21], : K vi = n vi 20 i=1 v i (1) K
2001 9,,, 1999,, (Lin et al,1999),,,,,,, 1 :A B ( ) S A B S B A,,, 1, I A B,, CC C 1 C 1 DD D 1 D 1, O, CC DD, CC DD,CC 1,, CC, A B,, DD, B,,,,,,, Lin
1.1 1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6 1.7
1.8
2.1
2.2
2.3 2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
3.1
3.2 3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
5.1
5.2 5.3
5.4
6.1
π
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6