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力福樂降 World Health Organization, WHO 理都寧不 The WHOQOL Group, 1994 精神狀了理精神力力力 Tugend Tugend Tugend 不不神不不鍊不刺來路 2000 異數不療狀不易 1991 年 15 行連串勵念參理理狀立度念六 quality of life, QOLThe WHOQOL Group, 1995 離 holistic approach 論 1

量略年更度 2002a 量療臨療理來力不年勞老年老了年不兩老 2004 1 來來年不論療療都不量來了理力量年都來力識度刺量立度不都不料樂不 1 更 25 不不便 59.532004 了省力樂理立 1 年數年數率年降女年降老數老了年六老年老了年老 2

理讀 4-6 量索來 structural equation modeling 來量度量來讀 4-6 狀參療靈不樂念行不論不力不良不良切量不理行 " "" 不 " 不易不易 3

不度不度糖糖來易聯來不良罹率狀糖尿 21 臨類念若略了易不便更便瑩 2004 力不 88 年 90 年 6 率 88.43 5.88 12 率 66.5 3.31 93 年 1 數 6 12 2,250,802 若 4 800 臨劉 2004 玲 1999 北 3-6 行行率 78.0-87.9 3 罹行狀 2002 率不若參行若不力力度率丹年率更行年力年年來立良若行都臨了 4

靈念更靈來來不不論來力力都來切更論理度不靈力 2004 年 2 23.45 度 EQ 不數 2004 福聯 2004 了六不樂 46.2 數 48.4 30.6 易 42.5 不 40.4 見不樂洞念度靈狀力諸不來落力都練歷力諸行念行 ~ 數立行數 ~ ~ 5

金度年類年力降碌力降金 1995 年理律林數來力良樂良力來讀 20001997 數良律力 1989 年聯利年樂參利勵參樂 2000 不行落年理年理理念福 2000 林 2002 度不理精神都不理論不見都論 2000 亮 1993 福 2000 隆 1995 200019971997 6

例立良不利行力力立識念理論良練不練更力不力年年參年略念行 1. 念行行度行利量什 Edward(1994) 行度來行行索行念行 global QOL health-related QOL 度 7

療理度 unidimensional 度 multidinensional 度類理論度數度例理理來 Lawton, 1991; Szabo, 1996; Patrick & Chiang,2000; Helm,2000; 梨 20002002 The WHOQOL Group (1998a) 理念 Lindstrom 兩狀 ( 例力 ) 度 ( 不力狀 ) 奈都理類理不來量易量狀 1988 年 Golembiewski 類 Gamma (gamma change) 狀量 (domain) Gamma 省力良見來念念來類狀異不見不 ( 例療年 ) 論不類切 (Health-related Quality of Life, HRQOL) 8

諸參數年來量 1993 年度理理狀立度念六類諸年 2000 年 Health Outcome Methodology(Glossary, Health Outcome Methodology) 狀理精神兩 (multidimensional) 念了 WHOQOL 都立度料不更類臨林 1999 WHOQOL 112 WHOQOL-BREF28 度度 WHOQOL 理理 WHOQOL 累數度數量度量 1989 年聯利說都利不參利律落利論聯論 9

度省 2. 不 Lawton1991(evaluation) 類不不不念理不良兩類 (objective) (social-normative)(subjective) (intrapersonal) 不論刺都力念立良都理來量不易量來略易落力不禮領林 2004 了行玲 2003Bryant(1985) 年年易離利刺 1996 理女女 10

力 ( 1992Stuart & Sundeen 1991Sandra & Wanda 1995) 了度不狀異度離力 1999 2002 量年度 Naughton & Shumaker, 2003 念 Altshuler, Mintz, & Leight, 2002 了念拉度度良量行度略說量量度不量量量 1 讀省不 11

兩料年年狀度蘭 Fekkes 2000 量 Tno-Preschool quality of lifetapqol 念量量量 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 兩數率 4 來 5 6 類 5 6 0 3 來 0 不 1 不 2 3 數 4 4 5 6 來數 0 4 3 行 7 3 3 力 3 數數 0120 來 1 2 024 便數數參錄 12

料理利 SPSS-PC 行 TAPQOL 量量更理度了 43 行 KMO KMO 行 Bartletts 2 來數來數 1 promax Cronbach's 來量度數 LISREL8.54 來度 Hair, et al.1998diamantopoulos and Siguaw2000Tanaka 199320022004 類 χ 2 -- p 0.10 Goodness of Fit IndexGFI-- 0.90 Standardized Root Mean Square ResidualSRMR-- 0.1 Kline, 2005 Root Mean Square Error of ApproximationRMSEA-- 0.05 良 0.05 0.08 理 0.08 0.10 0.10 不良 Non-Normed Fit IndexNNFI-- 0.90 Comparative Fit IndexCFI-- 0.90 Parsimonious Normed Fit IndexPNFI-- 0.50 Hoelter's Critical NCN-- 200 14

論 1995 SPSS 860 1135 留 860 201 KMO Bartlett s KMO 0.85 Bartlett s 12788.49 (p<0.001) 兩數料行行 promax 11 11 Fekkes 2000 量 Tno-Preschool quality of lifetapqol 念不力六精神 Fekkes 2000 參 4-1 量異量 60.82% 度精神 0.85 行 0.79 0.83 0.86 0.75 0.76 行 0.65 0.71 0.64 0.63 0.58 量度 0.84 15

4-1 量度量精神行行樂樂精力精神朗魯行易不行不易說不易說說樂來來不 16

量精神行行不路不不樓不不易裂異量累異量 17

18 LISREL8.50 來來 4-1 4-1 Yi 來 Y30 量 30 來行力行力

4-2 NNFI CFI 0.9 Anderson and Gerbing (1988) 連不連量兩 30 行 102.21 行度了度 39 38 精神朗 125.78 39 行 28 易 31 易 111.82 兩來 31 不 4-2 參數 4-2 度度 0.760.670.670.730.640.650.84 0.860.720.760.84 度 0.79 度 0.6 度 19

4-2 度 χ 2 (df)( 度 ) 2653.72(849)(p =.00) 2006.02(729) (p =.00) GFI 0.90 0.92 SRMR 0.064 0.061 RMSEA 0.043 0.040 NNFI 0.88 0.91 CFI 0.89 0.91 PNFI 0.80 0.81 CN 405.61 464.98 20

力力行數路 21

4-3 數 3.29.69 3.16.75 3.52.67 3.24.83 3.44.69 力 3.92.26 3.39.76 力 3.71.70 行 2.64.75 3.37.82 精神 3.61.70 3.37.36 4-34-3 力數 3.92 力數 3.71 精神數 3.61 行數 2.64 數 3.16 數 3.37 論 4-6 讀量行來 22

來量度度 11 Fekkes 2000 異 12 力兩精神 Fekkes 來 Lee (2005) Fekkes 不量 Fekkes Lee 來行力兩不了不度 43 40 更 Lee (2005) 來 GFI0.83 AGFI0.80 不理了量數來數力不行 Fekkes 2000 Lee (2005) 23

料玲 2003 理論 2000 -- 39(4)41-45 隆 19959(3)62-69 2004 什 7210-12 福聯 2004 北福利聯金福 200029(3)33-38 林 200213252-59 林祥 1999 量 18262-270 林 2004 北念立北 17(2)229-260 瑩 2004 便裂留 http://www.24drs.com/daily/article.asp?x_no=19952004 年 12 10 2002 寧療立行論 2002 6(3)193-200 2000 福利 - 北 2002 理論北 2004 北 1997 隆 32-43 北 24

2002 流行論梨 2000 量臨 4(1)86-90 亮 1993 北 2117-128 1997 隆 22-31 北 2000CEO 北 199647 62 1999 理北立劉 2004 降 17 5 2004 什 ~ 老降臨 http://www.books.com.tw/magazine/item/today1030.htm2004/12/16 玲 1999 行年度 16-77 2000 理念 10(4)9-15 1992. 北料 Altshuler, L., Mintz, J., & Leight, K. (2002). The Life Functioning Questionnaire (LFQ): a brief, gender-neutral scale assessing functional outcome. Psychiatry Research, 112(2), 161-182. Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411-423. 25

Diamantopoulos, A., & Siguaw, J. A. (2000). Introducing LISREL: A guide for the uninitiated. Thousands Oaks, CA: Sage. Edward, R. G.( 1994 ). Environmental Policy and Biodiversity. Washington, DC: Island Press. Fekkes, M., Theunissen, N. C.M., Brugman, E., Veen, E., Verrips, E. G. H.,Koopman, H. M., Vogel, T., Wit, J. M., & Verloove-Vanhorick, S. P. (2000).Development and psychometric evaluation of TAPQOL: A health-related quality of life instrument for 1-5-year-old children. Quality of Life Research, 9, 961-972. Golembiewski, R. T., & Munzenrider, R. F. (1988). Burnout as an indicator of gamma change, I: Methodological perspectives on a crucial surrogacy. Journal of Health Human Resource Administration, 11(2), 218-48. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5 th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Helm, D. T. (2000). The measurement of happiness. American Journal Mental Retardation, 105(5), 236-335. Kline, Rex B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling2 nd ed). New York: The Guilford Press. Lawton M. (1991). A multidimensional view of quality of life in frail elders. In Birren J., Lubben J., & Rowe J. (eds.) The concept and measurement of quality of life in the frail elderly (pp. 3-27). San Diego: Academic Press. Lee, C. F., Chien, L. Y., Ko, Y. L., Chou, Y. H., Tai, C. J., Liou, Y. M. (2005). Development and psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the TAPQOL : a health-related quality of life instrument for preschool children. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42, 457-465. 26

Naughton, M. J., & Shumaker, S. A. (2003). The case for domains of function in quality of life assessment. Quality of Life Research, 12, Suppl 1, 73-80. Patrick D, Chiang Y. (2000). Measurement of health outcomes in treatment effectiveness evaluation: Conceptual and methodological challenges. Medical Care, 38, 14-25. Stuart, G. W., & Sundeen, S. J. (1991). Principles and practice of psychiatric nursing (4th ed.). St. Louise: C. V. Mosby. Sandra, A. & Wanda, F. (1995). Early childhood development(2nd ed.). Prentice-Hall: New Jersey. Szabo, S. (1996). The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) assessment instrument. In B. Spilker (ed.) Quality of life and pharmacoeconooomics in clinical trials, (2ed) (pp. 355-362). Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven. Tanaka, J. S.1993.Multifaceted conception of fit in structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen & J.S. Long(Eds), Testng structural equation models (pp. 10-39). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. The WHOQOL Group (1994). Development of the WHOQOL: Rationale and current status. International Journal of Mental Health, 23(3), 24-56. The WHOQOL Group (1995). The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL): Position paper from the world Health Organization. Social Science Medicine, 41 (10), 1403-1409. The WHOQOL Group (1998a). The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL): Development and general psychometric properties. Social science Medicine, 46(12), 1569-1585. 27

類了了更年年見料讀都來若讀臨若年留聯料樂立立北理金六福祿林年列料不聯 28

料女年度不識不識省省省省說省省省省陸說 ~~~ ~~ 女年讀了年年年年來樂不樂不樂樂樂論 29

列列若不理理理理理立里理不行理練練律律理館理樂樂神神理利量律行理流行神療練理拉勞理理律行理錄旅旅金旅料理理林 30 泥金金車爐車理理車力力力

來說都兩不來不不來來不不來來不不來不不不來不不不易來不不來不不來不不來不不來不不來不不 31

來不不來不不來不不來不不裂來不不路不來不不來不不樓來不不不來不不不易說來不不 32

不易說來不不說來不不來不不樂來來來易來行來不來來不來魯行來來來來來精神朗來來樂樂來精力來來來樂 33