TCP/IP TCP/IP OSI IP TCP IP IP TCP/IP TCP/IP

TCP/IP :

ASCII EBCDIC Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code

2. / (1) (2) Single System Image SSI)

(3) I/O (4)

3.OSI OSI Open System Interconnection / bit

OSI

Bits

TCP

TCP/IP TCP IBM Net BIOS NetWare SPX

OSI

5. IP 1). 2). IP 3). 4).

1). Internet Internet

2). IP IP IP

3).,,,,

IP Internet IGP Internal Gateway Protocols EGP(External Gateway Protocols

4). Internet ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol ) ICMP IRDP(Internet R Data Protocols ) ICMP

ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol ) ICMP IRDP(Internet R Data Protocols ) ICMP

DVMRP(Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol ) MBONE MOSPF(Multicast Open Shortest Path First ) OSPF OSPF PIM(Protocol-Independent Multicast ) SLIP Serial Line IP PPP Internet

6. MAC Media Access Control MAC IP

IP, IP

(resolotion) TCP/IP ARP(Address Resolution Protocol ) RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol )

1. ARP ARP Address Resolution Protocol IP MAC 2. RARP RARP Reversed Address Resolution Protocol MAC IP

Internet Internet

2 CPU Internet

3 Internet Internet

8. TCP UDP TCP TCP UDP(User Data Protocol ) UDP

9. TCP/IP TCP UDP IP TCP UDP 0-255

15 Netstat 21 FTP 23 Telnet 25 SMTP 42 Name server 53 Domain 67 Bootps 68 Bootpc 69 TFTP 79 Finger 101 NIC name NIC 103 X.400 X 400 110 POP3 POP3 119 NNTP USENET

10. SLIP/PPP Internet Internet

1) SLIP IP SLIP IP IP IP SLIP SLIP Internet

2) PPP PPP IP SLIP ISP IP PC Internet IP NCP(Network Control Protocol ) IP LCP(Link Control Protocol ) PC

TCP/IP TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) / (WANs) ARPANET

TCP/IP Internet IP IP Internet TCP TCP

TCP IP Internet TCP/IP TCP/IP Internet

TCP/IP OSI 1. TCP/IP IP IP

TCP TCP NFS(Network File System ) /

2. TCP/IP OSI OSI TCP/IP FTP, TELNET SMTP, SNMP, NFS TCP, UDP IP, ICMP ARP, RARP

IP Internet Telnet, FTP, SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol ), SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol )

IP Internet IP

Internet IP IP Internet IP

Internet TCP Internet

IP IP TCP TCP IP Internet TCP/IP

TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP

TCP TCP Transmission Control Protocol end-to-end TCP connection-oriented reliable byte-stream UDP User Data Protocol TCP IP TCP/IP

TCP N object N TCP segment header TCP

TCP header (encapsulation) OSI (decapsulation)

TCP 1. (Connection-Oriented) 2. Reliable Transfer 3. Flow Control 4. (Full Duplex Connection) 5. (Stream Oriented) 6. (Buffered Transfer ) 7. (Untructured Stream)

1. (Connection-Oriented) (connection-oriented) TCP (handshake) TCP (three-way hand shake) SYN TCP SYN/ACK ACK

2. Reliable Transfer TCP

(Shake Hand) (ACK) +1 (acknowledgement number) TCP (piggy backing)

TCP (PAR) TCP TCP

TCP Sequence Number

TCP 8 bits 1 byte 1 byte

TCP (checksum) TCP

3. Flow Control TCP (sliding window),tcp TCP (Sliding Window)

4. (Full Duplex Connection) TCP

5. (Stream Oriented) 8

6. (Buffered Transfer )

7. (Untructured Stream) TCP

TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP (sequence number) TCP

TCP (MSS) 1460 Ethernet (MTU) 1500 IP (20 ) TCP (20 ) 1460 MTU-40 MSS MSS IP IP MSS TCP

Internet, Internet Internet

Internet

IP Internet 32 10101000101000001110100100001010 32 4 8 168.160.233.10 IP

IP Internet 168.160.233.0 10 IP 168.160.233.10 Internet

8 0~255 0 255 1~254 126 16387064 2064770064 16256 64516 1048872096 2064512 254 524386048 2084894 3638028208

D E D 1110 IP E 1111

B 1 0 B 1 0

IP IP 1

IP 0 8 16 24 31 IP

IP Router Ethernet Ethernet Repeater Ethernet Repeater Ethernet University of Wyoming 129.72.0.0 University of Colorado 128.138.0.0 Bridge Router Internet Router Ethernet Ethernet Repeater Ethernet Repeater Ethernet Bridge

Autonomous Routing System University of Wyoming Internet Ethernet 129.72.0.0 Cisco Router (IRP - e.g. IGRP) Autonomous System Cisco Router (IRP - e.g. IGRP) 129.82.0.0 Ethernet Router (ERP - e.g. EGP) Cisco Router (IRP - e.g. IGRP) 128.138.0.0 Ethernet Colorado State University University of Colorado

Ethernet Ethernet Repeater Ethernet Repeater Ethernet Bridge 129.72.1.x IP Sub net Router Internet 129.72.2.x 129.72.3.x Ethernet Ethernet Repeater Ethernet Repeater Ethernet

IP Sub net Mask Class A 0 Network Host Class B 10 Network Host Class C 1 10 Network Host Class C Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Network Subnet Host

IP Internet

IP 168.160.233.10 rol.com.cn com rol

IP Internet IP Internet

com edu gov int mil net org

IP,,, (IP ),

DNS IP IP IP, IP, IP. TCP/IP, DNS(Domain Name System, )

IP,..,,,

IPv6 IPv4 Internet IPv6

IPv6 4 4 8 8 8 128 IPv6

IPv6 IPv6 128 IPv6 8 16 FF04:19:5:ABD4:187:2C:754:2B1

IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6/IPv4 IPv4 IPv6/IPv4 IPv6

TCP/IP TCP/IP IP TCP UDP TCP/IP : File Transfer Remote login Mail (NFS) (Remote printing) (Remote execution) (Name servers) (Terminal servers)

File Transfer FTP(File Transfer Protocol) NFS(Network File System) Netbios FTP

Remote login TELNET TELENET TELNET TELNET

Mail (MICRO)?

TCP/IP TCP/IP : Server Client ( / ) TCP/IP

(NFS) FTP

(Remote printing) (Remote execution)

(Name servers)

(Terminal servers) TELNET( )

TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP DNS