世代内階層移動と階層帰属意識

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1 1 2 Hybrid Model 4 JLPS Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model ; 1998, 2006; 1979; , 2011 (Sociological Theory and Methods) 2012, Vol.27, No.1:

2 ; Allison2009 Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Japanese Life course Panel Survey JLPS JLPS ) ,800 2) 36% 2 3, , ,186 64

3 EGP Erikson et al. 1979EGP + +b++a4 EGP SSM ) 100 4) N 1 N person-period 25 65

4 N Source: JLPS Hybrid ModelAllison 2009 Hybrid Model Hybrid Model 5) [1] [1] Yit FE FEXit ui it FE (fixed effect model) i t X Y ui Y X it 1 ui Xit ui u i [1] FE ui Yit ( Y ) Yit [1] i i Y [2][1][2][3] [3] OLS 6) [2] Yi FE FEXi i 66

5 [3] Y Y ) ( X X ) ( ) ( it i FE it i it i ) [3] ( it i X Y [3] [3] X X ) Y Y ) ( it i ( it i X Y X Y FE [1]X X Y [1] [3] (a) (b) (c) (d)hybrid Model

6 1 (a)2 5 (X)(Y) 1 X Y 2 X Y 1 (b)(c)(b) (b) 1 (c) 5 X Y Hybrid Model Hybrid Model (random effect model) Hybrid Model Hybrid Model [4] Yit HM HM ( Xit Xi ) HM Xi HMZi ui it HM Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Y X ( Xit Xi ) X i X X X ) [4] Z i ( it i Hybrid Model Hybrid Model ui it 7) ui it 68

7 ui Hybrid Model [4] Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model X X HM X HM Hybrid Model X 1 (d)(a) Hybrid Model [4] HM [4] Y [5] Yi HM HMXi HMZi ui i HM X Y 1 Z 1 (d)2 5 5 Hybrid Model HM 1 (a)(d)(a) (d)(a) (c) FE Hybrid Model HM [4] Y Y ) [6] Y Y ) ( X X ) ( ) ( it i HM it i it i ( it i [3]FE HM 1 (d) 1 (d) [4] X Hybrid Model [7] 69

8 [7] Yit HM2 HM2Xit HM2Xi HM2Zi ui it (variation) Null Model ICC 8) Null Model /

9 9) a Hybrid Model Hybrid Model (with Centering) b (without Centering) b ** ** ** (omitted) (omitted) (omitted) Wave ** ** ** Wave Wave ** ** ** ** * ** ** ** ** ** * (omitted) (omitted) Wave * Wave Wave (omitted) (omitted) ** ** ** ( u ) ( ) Source: JLPS Note: ** : p < 0.01; * : p < 0.05; + : p < 0.1 a b Hybrid Model

10 % 3 2 5% 10) ) Hybrid Model 1 72

11 Hybrid Model [4] [7] Snijders and Bosker 1999: pp

12 % 4 Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model 12) Hybrid Model Hybrid Model 2 Hybrid Model Hybrid Model 4.1 Hybrid Model 74

13 Hybrid Model X JLPS X JLPS Hybrid Model [8] Yit ( Xit Xi ) Xi Zi ui it Yit i t X Z ui it ui it ui N(0, 2 u)it N(0, 2 ) 2 2 u 2 2 ui it [8]

14 Hybrid Model 95% 95% Wave Wave Wave Wave Wave Wave Source: JLPS Note: %100095%

15 3 5 5 Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model E(ˆ ) 2 Hybrid Model 3 Hybrid Model Var(ˆ ) [9] E[ Var( ˆ) ] ^ 2 Hybrid Model Hybrid Model % % 95% Pr[ L95% C. I. U 95% C. I. ] 95% t 95% 95% 3 95% % Hybrid Model 3 Hybrid Model 77

16 Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model 9.9% 95% % Hybrid Model Hybrid Model 4.2 t z 0 [8] 0 [10] Y it 0 ( X X ) X Z u X Z u i it i i i it i i i X = Var( ˆ 0) 3 it 78

17 [11] E[ Var( ˆ) ] ^ =0 =0 6.6%Wave2 0 5% t Hybrid Model 5% 0 1 5% 5%5% 5% 1 1 Wave % 6.6% 1.6% Hybrid Model Hybrid Model =0 6.8%5% 1 5% Hybrid Model

18 ) Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model (i) (ii) (iii) Hybrid Model 2010Hybrid Model Hybrid Model Hybrid Model 4 Xi4 X 1 i Yi1 2011Hybrid Model GCOE 80

19 2 2 1) ) JLPS 1 36% 54% 3) ) 4 1 5) Rabe-Hesketh and Skrondal Allison2009 6) Stata xtreg fe [3] 7) Stata xtreg regls mle 8) Null Model 9) ) 1 3 F 2 11) 1 macro-effect 2 12) Hybrid Model Allison (2009: 27, note 9) balanced data balanced data OLS Hybrid Model GLS 81

20 13) Allison, Paul Fixed Effects Regression Models. Sage Erikson, Robert, John H. Goldthorpe and Lucienne Portocarero Intergenerational Class Mobility in Three Western European Societies: England, France and Sweden. British Journal of Sociology 30: : : (2): [3] : [3] : JGSS JGSS General Social Surveys [8]: JGSS JGSS : : Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia and Anders Skrondal Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata (second edition). Stata Press : Snijders, Tom A. B. and Roel J. Bosker Multilevel Analysis: An Introduction to Basic and Advanced Multilevel Modeling. Sage SSM [5] 1995 SSM. 82

21 (JLPS) JLPS The Within-Subject Effects of Intragenerational Class Mobility on Subjective Social Status Satoshi Miwa Koji Yamamoto Graduate School of Education Faculty of Policy Studies Tohoku University Chuo University 27-1 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi Higashi-nakano, Hachioji-shi Miyagi, , Japan Tokyo, , Japan This article aimed to examine the determinants of subjective social status using panel/longitudinal data analyses. The first purpose was to illustrate the impact of class position on subjective social status in consideration of distinction between between-subject effects and within-subject effects. The second purpose was to show the analytical example of hybrid model, which means an application of multilevel modeling. Japanese Life course Panel Survey (JLPS) datasets drawn from first wave to fourth wave survey were used in empirical analyses. Fixed effect models and hybrid models were applied to those datasets. In addition, the performances of both models were compared by monte-carlo simulation method. The effect of intragenerational class mobility on subjective social status was partly supported in empirical analyses. Besides, some differences between within-subject regression coefficient and between-subject coefficient were found. According to the results of monte-carlo simulation, the performances of hybrid models were almost equivalent to those of fixed effect models. These findings gave suggestion that hybrid model is the one of useful options for analyzing panel/longitudinal data. Key words and phrases: Panel data, Multilevel analysis, Fixed effect model, Sujective social status (Received November 30, 2011/ Accepted March 6, 2012) 83

22 84

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