X ] 犐 to 犐 Kur 5, 犐 to 犐 Kur [9] Beuckelmann [0]!", 犐 to #$%&', ( )*+35,,-./0../ Feng [] 2, 犐 Kur 3$4 5,06 789,37,:;"-./. 4 Li [2] <,36, 犐 to

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1 35 4 ( ' ) Vol.35No JournalofYangzhouUniversity(AgriculturalandLifeScienceEdition) Dec.204 犐狋狅犐犓狌狉,,,, 2 (. /!"#$%, 22500; 2.& ', ( )! ":)*+,-./ :;,- <( 犐 to)=>?@ab< <( 犐 Kur)CDE : 5~9=6~20 2 C 3, 犐 to 犐 Kur F G CHI JIKLM DE NO, P 犐 to 犐 KurQ R C S T U,V W X H I Y, < S C, Z[+50mV C <\ ] ^ 犐 toc S_`6JIabc C _`6LMab, CHI W=JI WCWU ], Y C YC GC ;,HI W=JI WCWU, F H YC,HI W=JI W ] 犐 to 犐 KurC]=LMDE G #$%:45678; ; ;9;7;;./0 &' :R ():A *+ : (204) 犆狅狀狋狉犻犫狌狋犻狅狀狊狅犳狋犲犿狆犲狉犪狋狌狉犲狊狋狅犐狋狅犪狀犱犐犓狌狉犻狀犺狌犿犪狀犪狋狉犻犪犾犿狔狅犮狔狋犲狊犻狊狅犾犪狋犲犱犳狉狅犿狆犪狋犻犲狀狋狊狑犻狋犺犮狅狀犵犲狊狋犻狏犲犺犲犪狉狋犳犪犻犾狌狉犲犡犝犣犺犲狀犵狓犻狀, 犣犎犝犔犻, 犣犎犈犖犌犡狌犲, 犣犎犝犔犲犻 2, 犑犐犖犕犪狀狑犲狀 (. 犑犻犪狀犵狊狌犓犲狔犔犪犫狅犳犐狀狋犲犵犜狉犪犱犆犺犻狀犲狊犲犪狀犱犠犲狊狋犕犲犱犳狅狉犘狉犲狏犪狀犱犜狉犲犪狋狅犳犛犲狀犻犾犲犇犻狊 / 犆狅犾狅犳犕犲犱, 犢犪狀犵狕犺狅狌犝狀犻狏,Yangzhou22500,China; 2. 犜狅狀犵犼犻犆狅犾狅犳犕犲犱, 犎狌犪狕犺狅狀犵犝狀犻狏狅犳犛犮犻犪狀犱犜犲犮犺,Wuhan430030,China) 犃犅犛犜犚犃犆犜 :TostudythecharacteristicsoftransientoutwardK + current( 犐 to)andultra rapiddelayedrectifierk + current ( 犐 Kur)atdiferenttemperatureincongestiveheartfailure(CHF)patients, 犐 toand 犐 Kurwererecordedusingwhole celpatch clamptechnique.theresultsshowedthat 犐 toand 犐 Kurhaddistinctactivationorinactivationkineticpropertiesatdiferent temperature.compared withhighertemperature,theactivatingthresholdsof 犐 to and 犐 Kur atlowertemperature were lower,andthehalf maximalactivationpotentialsof 犐 toand 犐 Kur weresmaler,howevertheircurrent voltagerelationships werenotchanged.thecurrentdensitiesof 犐 to weresmalerwhendepolarizedto +50mV,andthatof 犐 Kur weresmaler eitherunderidenticalvoltage.butthevoltage dependentinactivationof 犐 to wasnotafectedbytemperature.activation timeconstantsorinactivationtimeconstantsof 犐 to weresmaleratlowertemperature,andtherelationshipsoftime voltagewerenotmodifiedobviously.however,theybecamegreaterwhentemperaturerose,anddecreasedwhenpoten tialincreased.wecoulddrawaconclusionfromthisexperimentthat 犐 toand 犐 Kurhaddiferentpropertiesat5-9 and 犓犈犢犠犗犚犇犛 :congestiveheartfailure;temperature;potassiumchannels;human;myocardium;patch clamptechniques <( 犐 to)=>?@ab< <( 犐 Kur) 97:;,- C < [ 4], <]=LMDE G,- Z ab=! C7 J [,5 8], C,-./: : ' (3077) : (964- ),, 9,, 75 = 犈犿犪犻犾 :xuzhengxin405@26.com

F H YC,HI W=JI W ] 456789 犐 to 犐 KurC]=LMDE G #$%:45678; ; ;9;7;;./0 &' :R54.

2 X ] 犐 to 犐 Kur 5, 犐 to 犐 Kur [9] Beuckelmann [0]!", 犐 to #$%&', ( )*+35,,-./0../ Feng [] 2, 犐 Kur 3$4 5,06 789,37,:;"-./. 4 Li [2] <,36, 犐 to,= 3 $>?96 7@5 &ABCD, E./,F&GAHI JK LM TUV TU,W, <5~0 - X &Y LM W, Z[\\EX]^_` _abec_ [6 8],FA Yc_, Y, OG A W, ) 5~9 ( TU, )6~20 2 M, X ] 犐 to 犐 Kur, " ] B 7, TUV, 6, [3 4]H 2 (./ < EPC 9,. <00 MΩ,. <3.5~5.0 MΩ < X,././ >? V nifedipine (5μmol L - ) tetraethylammoniumchloride (TEA,0mmol L - ) BaCl 2 (mmol L - ), L./( 犐 Ca) /./( 犐 K) /./;./ (. (-80mV) -40mV 3$ 犐 Na,?./ 3!" V! " 7: T U V (mmol L - )< NaCl27 KCl20,MgCl 2.5 HEPES5 Glucose274,pH7.0;#$V(mmol L - )< NaCl40 KCl5.4 CaCl 2.8 MgCl 20.5 HEPES5.0 Glucose5.0,pH7.4;% #$ V < # $ V & CaCl 2 ' " ;. V (mmol L - )< Potassiumaspartate20 KCl20 MgCl 2.0 KH 2PO 4.0 Na 2ATP5.0 EGTA 5.0 HEPES5.0, ph7.2 4 #$%& SigmaPlot [,!= (94 狋 ),D* ) +< 犘 < ' & 2 ()*+,-./0- 犐狋狅犐犓狌狉 2. <-80mV -40 mv 20 ms,#,- +50 mv 300 ms &, :;" 犐 to 犐 Kur +5~96~20 2 M 7, O. /O,M Z[7 犐 to%&0 #$5,=./ %&,= 7 F89 :+; D 0 5~9, 犐 to8 9, 6~20, 犐 to 4 [,=:5~9 <(0.88±0.)ms;6~20 <(6.6±0.5)ms, 狀 = 2, 犘 <0.05],./ 4 [ +50 mv,:;"./ :5~9 <(6.5±0.9)pA/pF; 6~20 <(9.0±2.9)pA/pF, 狀 =2, 犘 <0.05], 72 3$4 [3$,=:5~ 9 <(2.3±0.8)ms;6~20 <(24±4)ms, 狀 =2, 犘 <0.05] 894, 犐 Kur 4 4S (5~9 ),./ 6< 4S[5~9 <(2.6 ± 0.6)pA/pF;6~20 <(3.5 ± 0.6)pA/pF, 狀 =2, 犘 <0.05], '7<8 (# $ 5,M3$^3$,./ 3*=4)

0 MΩ < X,././ >? V nifedipine (5μmol L - ) tetraethylammoniumchloride (TEA,0mmol L - ) BaCl 2 (mmol L - ), L./( 犐 Ca) /./( 犐 K) /./;./ (. (-80mV) -40mV 3$ 犐 Na,?./ 3!" V!

3 6 ZZ ([\0_] Z^)( _`[ZaZ ) >35b 2 2 *+,-./0- 犐狋狅犐犓狌狉犐犞 < +5~96~20 2 M Z[7,). < -80 mv,-40 mv 20 ms, #,- -40~ +50 mv C D 0 mv,? 300ms HE,#, :;" 犐 to 犐 Kur 犐犞 O 2. 2/O,+2 M Z[7, 犐 to 犐 Kur 犐犞 < FGHI,F 4M 0 5~ 9,89,6~20, 犐 to 犐 Kur+4A,#. 7J"2(5~9,, 犐 to 犐 Kur N+-30mV,#. 7 / D; +6~20,. N 3 () 犐狋狅犐犓狌狉 :;3 G -20 ^ 0 mv F J / " 2 犐 to^ 犐 Kur), 犐犞犉犻犵. 犚犲犮狅狉犱犻狀犵狊狅犳犱犲狆狅犾犪狉犻狕犪狋犻狅狀犻狀犱狌犮犲犱 KLM. N N (5~9, KL8 狋狉犪狀狊犻犲狀狋狅狌狋狑犪狉犱狆狅狋犪狊犻狌犿犮狌狉犲狀狋 ( 犐狋狅 ) 犪狀犱狌犾狋狉犪狉犪狆犻犱 XO*).W G,, 犐 to 犐 Kur # $ 犱犲犾犪狔犲犱狉犲犮狋犻犳犲狉狆狅狋犪狊犻狌犿犮狌狉犲狀狋 ( 犐犓狌狉 ) 犳狉狅犿犺狌犿犪狀 (:;" 犐 to 犐 Kur. )N,,M;. N,. / F G 4 5,. /. 犪狋狉犻犪犾犿狔狅犮狔狋犲狊犪狋犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犲犿狆犲狉犪狋狌狉犲 A.5~9 ;B.6~20 N? 32 ) 犐狋狅犐犓狌狉犐犞 => 犉犻犵.2 犆狌狉狉犲狀狋狏狅犾狋犪犵犲狉犲犾犪狋犻狅狀狊犺犻狆狊犳狅狉犐狋狅狅狉犐犓狌狉犪狀犱狋犲狊狋狆狅狋犲狀狋犻犪犾犲狓犪犿犻狀犲犱犪狋犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋狋犲犿狆犲狉犪狋狌狉犲狊 A.,#H :;" 犐 to (F <5~9 ;7 <6~20 );B. 犐 to 犐 Kur I V GJ ( 犐 to< P Q; 犐 Kur<RS P Q; 2.5~9 ;3 4.6~20 ; 狀 =2) 2 3 *+,-./0- 犐狋狅犐犓狌狉 6? <,#H 2.2T * 犐 to 犐 Kur./ U <.;( 犌 ), V. 7.; X8. W,X!34#$ ( 3) BoltzmannH? 犌 =/{+exp[-( 犞 - 犞 /2)/ 犽 ]} XV,Y" #$. ( 犞 /2)KL( 犽 )( 犞 <. ). 3/O,2 M Z[7 犐 to^ 犐 Kur#$ 8,F M 894,5~9, 犞 /24 [ 犐 to:5~9 <(4.4±0.8)mV,6~20 <(29±4)mV, 狀 =2, 犘 <0.05; 犐 Kur:5~9 <(7±3)mV,6~20 <(35±5)mV, 狀 =2, 犘 <0.05], 犽 4 [ 犐 to:5~ 9 <(7.8±0.8)mV,6~20 < (±3)mV, 狀 =2, 犘 <0.05; 犐 Kur:5~9 < (7.±.)mV,6~20 <(0.±.9)mV, 狀 =2, 犘 <0.05] 2 4 *+,-./0- 犐狋 <. <-80mV,-80~0mV CD<0mV,?<2000ms Z[,- +60mV,?<300ms, :;" 犐 to X X8 Z[. W,X 343$ ( 4) BoltzmannH?

N 3 ()0-456 789 犐狋狅犐犓狌狉 :;3 G -20 ^ 0 mv F J / " 2 犐 to^ 犐 Kur), 犐犞犉犻犵. 犚犲犮狅狉犱犻狀犵狊狅犳犱犲狆狅犾犪狉犻狕犪狋犻狅狀犻狀犱狌犮犲犱 KLM.

4 X ] 犐 to 犐 Kur 7 犐 =/{+exp[( 犞 - 犞 /2)/ 犽 ]} XV,Y" 3$. ( 犞 /2) KL( 犽 ) + 2 M (5~9 6~ 20 )7. 4/O,+M Z[7,2Z 4 8, " 犞 /2^ 犽 8 [5~9 < 犞 /2=-(46.2±.9)mV, 犽 =(2.9±0.3)mV;6~ 20 < 犞 /2=-(44±5)mV, 犽 =(.7±0.6)mV], 89%D* (( 犘 >0.05, 狀 =2) 33 犐狋狅犐犓狌狉 A ) BCD,6? 2 5 *+,-./0- 犐狋狅 E CD 犉犻犵.3 犞狅犾狋犪犵犲犱犲狆犲狀犱犲狀狋犪犮狋犻狏犪狋犻狅狀犮狌狉狏犲狅犳犐狋狅犪狀犱,6? < 犐犓狌狉犪狋犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犲犿狆犲狉犪狋狌狉犲 +2 M (5~96~20 )Z[7,) 犐 to. ^H P Q; 犐 Kur.ARS ^crs P Q; 2.5~9 ;3 4.6~20. <-80mV,-40 mv 20 ms, #,- -40~ +60 mv C D 0 mv, = 300ms L2 Hz H E, #, ( 犐 to! H? 犐 = 犐 max[-exp(- 狋 /τ)]+ 犮 X *. /( 犐 ), =( 狋 ),Y ". 7 # $, = P (τ) V. 7 τ X8. W, /X #$,=P. GJ ( 5). 5 / O,+ 4 (6~20 )Z [ 7,+ -20~ +0 mv.,m ;, #. N, τ,89 2 < 8 G(8 G J < ), N., τ M D F + 4 S (5~9 )7,τ 8X3*,M M, #. _ D 894, 4S, τ *+,-./0- 犐狋狅 E CD,@? < F,# H : ; " 犐 to, V. 7 M, =./ H? 犐 = 犐 maxexp(- 狋 /τ),y". 7 犐 to 3$,=P (τ) V. 7 τ X 8. W, / X 3$ LP. GJ ( 6) 34 犐狋狅 A ) BCD,@? 犉犻犵.4 犞狅犾狋犪犵犲犱犲狆犲狀犱犲狀狋犻狀犪犮狋犻狏犪狋犻狅狀狅犳犐狋狅犪狋犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋狋犲犿狆犲狉犪狋狌狉犲狊.5~9 ;2.6~20 ; 狀 =2 35 犐狋狅 E CD,6? 犉犻犵.5 犜犻犿犲犱犲狆犲狀犱犲狀狋犪犮狋犻狏犪狋犻狅狀狅犳犐狋狅.5~9 ;2.6~20 ; 狀 =2. 6/O,+4S (5~9 )=47,V. 7 3$,=P τ % D F G (6~20 ),M;,#. N,τ,89 2< 8G(8GJ < ) 894, 4S, τ 4 3, _ 3P.. V./, a, 3P _, *&./ < < +4S 7,,A._a &/E. :,+ 6Z[7,

3 犞狅犾狋犪犵犲犱犲狆犲狀犱犲狀狋犪犮狋犻狏犪狋犻狅狀犮狌狉狏犲狅犳犐狋狅犪狀犱,6? < 犐犓狌狉犪狋犱犻犳犲狉犲狀狋犲犿狆犲狉犪狋狌狉犲 +2 M (5~96~20 )Z[7,) 犐 to. ^H P Q; 犐 Kur.ARS ^crs P Q; 2.5~9 ;3 4.

5 8 ZZ ([\0_] Z^)( _`[ZaZ ) >35b G (5~9 FG 6~20 ),,8. 7 犐 to 犐 Kur./ <M N, 犐犞 4 _,#$ N,./. N? #$. <N, 犐 to,= #$3$>? M (6~20,,M;,#. N,# $, = P 3 $, = P,F + 5~ 9,, F MM,#. _ D ).W,+M Z[7, 犐 to 犐 Kur+./ 犐犞 # $, = # $ ^ 3 36 犐狋狅 E CD,@? $>? H I < : + ; D ( X 犐 to 犉犻犵.6 犜犻犿犲犱犲狆犲狀犱犲狀狋犻狀犪犮狋犻狏犪狋犻狅狀狅犳犐狋狅犪狋犪狀犱犇犪狋犪犐 Kur %&.5~9 ;2.6~20 ; 狀 =2., =4. F8G [9,2,5] W9 <, /X c_ W, LM /E& 74 :. E B, XE c_ _, 0E &G >?, W, / E _, X,# 2, F:+;@N &, A & >? 46 >? & >?/ =4, 6 >?, W, E ATP M; _8, =M 3 M, F &? /E:+ (,.W X + M 7 _ 4,, E _,A + F ; > E,./ Z>? [2] &,M ; G (23 36 ), 犐 to # $ N 5 F +, 5~9 6~20,:;" 8. 7 #$,=P 94,+4S 7./ #$ 4 5,0 8 /E :. 5~9 P = 4, W,+ S 7, 犐 to _,X.,# M _ 2 4S, _, 犐 to AP Z7 3 4S, 犐 to _,: = _8 4.,S =47 F / _,.W " 5 5~9 6~20, 02~23 37,M,A, B &,. /X"A : 06~20 89,5~9, %& NB 7 W9 A, + W M Z[7 7 8 F:!"#$%&' $, ()*+! GHIJ: [] FirekL,Giles W R.Outwardcurrentsunderlyingrepolarizationinhumanatrialmyocytes [J].CardiovascRes, 995,30():3 38. [2] Xu W H,LiW,YueH W,etal.CharacteristicsoftransientoutwardK + currentinhumanatrialcardiomyocytes [J].ActaPharmacolSin,998,9(5): [3] WangZG,FerminiB,NatelS.Sustaineddepolarization inducedoutwardcurrentinhumanatrialmyocytes [J]. CircRes,993,73(6): (,-.36/)

F8G [9,2,5] W9 <, /X c_ W, LM /E& 74 :. E B, XE c_ _, 0E &G >?, W, / E _, X,# 2, F:+;@N &, A & >? 46 >? & >?/ =4, 6 >?, W, E ATP M; _8, =M 3 M, F &? /E:+ (,.W X + M 7 _ 4,, E _,A + F ; > E,./ Z>?

第 12 期薛红等 : 低杂散锁相环中的电荷泵设计 1989 犉犻犵.2 图 2 电荷泵模型犕狅犱犲犾狅犳犮犺犪狉犵犲狆狌犿狆图 3 电荷泵电路犉犻犵 3 犆犻狉犮狌犻狋狊犮犺犲犿犪

第 12 期薛红等 : 低杂散锁相环中的电荷泵设计 1989 犉犻犵.2 图 2 电荷泵模型犕狅犱犲犾狅犳犮犺犪狉犵犲狆狌犿狆图 3 电荷泵电路犉犻犵 3 犆犻狉犮狌犻狋狊犮犺犲犿犪第 28 卷第 12 期 2007 年 12 月半导体学报犆犎犐犖犈犛犈犑犗犝犚犖犃犔犗犉犛犈犕犐犆犗犖犇犝犆犜犗犚犛犞狅犾.28 犖狅.12 犇犲犮.,2007 低杂散锁相环中的电荷泵设计薛红李智群王志功李伟章丽 ( 东南大学射频与光电集成电路