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1 料理列來都料例錄錄料料料來料料不料來料料量料理料料欄索利料 1. 理料

2 料 1 料兩例來來金 DVD 不量數了數不 2 兩 non-rival non-excludable 3 說利便不便車 free rider 料行料立料料立料行行料料不 1 論料不年料裡 - 立 3 了類例力不不不例不不 7

3 益降料說料論不料料路料料數量來料料 / 索錄 4 / 索利理料林邏索料類料類料例館料類料立料若了利索 4 料類 8

4 利索若利索讀索錄類料理料料館館館利錄料料館館讀料來館料館料若料不不料料力若料不不論不料領都料領 9

5 量數料利律立料 5 錄行令料索 6 錄律錄律兩不館 7 行料料 Findlaw 8 Lexis and Nexis 9 West Law 10 律 11 利料 12 利利索來利索索索利利利利利利拉利料不錄便利

6 年數料 AREMOS 料 37 料 13 林立類料 14 類料 15 料 16 行料 17 料 18 料料料領說料識力料 104 力行力行 20 力行 21 料力 24 北 25 料類料 13 見

7 來料類行料力力錄聯領 Beilstein/Gmelin CrossFire plus Reactions 數料錄料數料 26 領料更 1988 年料立了 National ter for Biotechnology Information NCBI 隸館立 1992 年列料列料 GenBank 2002 年列料 1988 年連 (The European Molecular Biology Laboratory EMBL) 料立料練 1990 年立了 DNA 料 26 參 12

8 (DNA DataBank of Japan DDBJ) GenBank EMBL DDBJ 列料 27 若料類見料略列類 1. DNA 列料 DNA 料料 non-coding 離料連串 A C G T 列料列料來列 EMBL 28 GenBank 29 DDBJ 30 列料 EMBM 1982 年立理 National Institute of Health, NIH 80 年 Los Alamos 立 Genbank 來 NCBI 隸 NIH 館 NLM DDBJ 1984 年立理 1984 年 EMBL GenBank DDBK 立了列聯料立料料 27 料 92 年 European Bioinformatics Institute, at DNA Data Bank of Japan, at 13

9 路更料行料列 DNA 31 例老 32 來不 DNA 列料類不行 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, ) 料 SNP 都不異不狀不 SNP 見異. 列例 34 不了不 DNA 列列來不度勞力 35 SNPs 不 SNPs 31 Anthony J.F. Griffiths et al., An Introduction to Genetic Analysis 2, page 8 (6the ed. 1996) 32 Anthony J.F. Griffiths et al., An Introduction to Genetic Analysis 2, page 772 (6the ed. 1996) 33 Michael Dipperstein, DNA Sequence Databases, at 34 Anthony J.F. Griffiths et al., An Introduction to Genetic Analysis 2, page 37 (6the ed. 1996) 35 Ian C. Gray et al., Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Tools in Human Genetics, 9 Hum. Molecular Genetics 2405 (2000) 14

10 SNP SNP bases SNPs 聯 SNP 來不 SNP 類 3. genome 36 料料行類了列料類料料量不力料量行了列便更料不料料類類料數料 Roslin ArkDB 了猪類料 CropNet 料了料類 36 15

11 料料 DNA 列不料料料 X 數料 90 年來陸了料 5. 料列料料更易料料不料連 6. 路 Pathway 料路連串連列路料列路 37 Johns Hopkins 類料 DNA 料料更參 16

12 EcoCyc 38 路料 Marine Biological Laboratory SRI International EcoCyc 路料連列列連來類 39 了路流路易數料路流料了類便車行利料行類料律力數利理見料 38 Encyclopedia of Escherichia, coli Genes and Metabolism, at 39 Peter D. Karp, Pathway Databases: A Case Study in Computational Symbolic Theories, 293 Sci (2001) 17

13 料 IDC 數利理數連數狀不論理數狀 40 數 DOI 識理 metadata 料便 DRM 來理 DRM 數利數行利數 DRM 理例數讀數數流行理不 DRM 41 料更見了利零 40 The Chain of hardware and software services and technologies confining the use of digital content to authorized use and users and managing any consequences of that use throughout the entire life cycle of the content. DRM is one kind of content protection technology. 見林玲理數利理理年李數利理 2004 年 6 24 見 ws&offset=24&mmcontentnoid=

14 不論什利都 42 力律力利益 WIPO 1996 年了 Diplomatic Conference on Certain Copyright and Neighboring Rights Questions The WIPO Copyright Treaty, WCT 錄 The WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, WPPT 路律 WCT 律律行利律行 WPPT WCT WPPT 立 technological protection measures 不利理 rights management information 不數利理更 42 什.doc 19

15 43 行惡類不罹來 44 若料不惡 92 年 7 9 行 WCT WPPT 立利行不來行量 93 年 8 立度了路 2003 年律 2003 年見 44 料料律論年 7 45 立理說 ( ) WCT 錄 WPPT 律律參年令六數 ( ) 利行行例行行 20

16 利零 46 利理利 ( ) (access) 行行利不行行行 ( 例 ) 利漏洞年金立立理說 1. 路不路 2. 立立理說惡理量力行度 3. 立理說不理行不零行例行樂錄錄錄行錄行路行路行不立不 WCT 錄 WPPT 立立立路數利利 (copy control) (access control) 兩立 46 立理 WCT WPPT 21

17 47 不零不 48 利路行益行類度不路行 92 年 6 25 六 49 利漏洞 47 立理 encrypt decrypt scramble descramble 路利行度來行 access controls 利 ( 例利行 ) copy controls 行不理律 48 兩論參見年年 12 年律年立理立行例聯 1030 濫行立惡理量力行度立立例易念律行類利漏洞行 22

18 年金六年金料都利不料例律料料若 50 例 Celera 利料狀料都 Celera 料利 IHGSC 烈 Celera 料利律說見 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 1331,

編者的話

編者的話陸臨了了路行例路了例利利陸陸 1991 年令行行來理 1991 年 9 7 陸立了易 WTO 1997 年 1971 年 Berne Convention 易 Agreement on Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights, TRIPS The WIPO Copyright Treaty, WCT 錄 The