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1 联合国 A/HRC/WG.6/7/SMR/2 大会 Distr.: General 30 November 2009 Chinese Original: English 人权理事会 ³ } ~ Ž 19 ¼m 人权事务高级专员办事处根据人权理事会第 5/1 号决议附件第 15(B) 段汇编的资料 [ 圣马力诺 ]* o gìz f ±q º«(â q ) xöºwrºqšü z ±«Ãt oøî Øo (t Î Ø) ö q f ± r ÿt Î Øqºw{ r nt ko~³²q ÂÊq ±«f Ç Ío} ± g «q À õ oj ²q z ² qã np ù Šü zf ±«qºƒáè «¹ {Ç ùœ np Â È ö/ Ât Íq pù ü z * z ²rŠü µáð ± GE (C)

2 一. 背景和框架 1 A. 国际义务范围 Ï 2 cã ½Ãn / ö n ¾ ftn (}è ) Ã É y Â¹ (ICERD) x~ ä Ì Â¹ (ICESCR) ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ (ICCPR) ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ } È{ l (ICCPR-OP1) ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ }pè{ l (ICCPR-OP2) Ã É ¹ (CEDAW) Ã É ¹ { l (OP-CEDAW) y Ê ºw t³ ±t q ³ ˆ¹ (CAT) Â (} è ) ÿ z (} 8 9 ) Â (} 21 ) ÿ ftn (} 22 ) ÿ z (} 20 ) µ Ì¹ (CRC) ot Ì¹ (CRPD) ot Ì¹ { l (CRPD-OP) z (}¹ ) þî n ƒ «x~ ä Ì¹ { l 3 y Ê ºw t³ ±t q ³ ˆ¹ { l µ Ì¹ ºpµ í À{ÁÈq{ l (up 2000 ~ˆ) µ Ì¹ ºpmêµ µ ê µ Í ÁÈq{ l (up 2000 ~ˆ) z töº Ì Â¹ ö t ³ ² Â¹ 2 GE

3 «Â Â ö y ˆ¹ ÂÊo ÃˆÍ Ý l 4 Ä t 5 k k ¹ èp ¼m ¹ öº ÂØ l 6 Ú ¹ 7 Šü y ¹ cã ½Ãn ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ 1. µ Ì ~(CRC)p 2003 ÙÚ Í Â Ÿ µ Ì¹ º pmêµ µ ê µ Í ÁÈq{ l µ Ì¹ º pµ í À{ÁÈq{ l 8 x~ ä Ì ~ (CESCR)p 2007 ÙÚ Í Ø ÂÚ (Ú ) 1947 ÚÙr ¹ (} 81 ú¹ ) 1952 x~ Ã( ƒ Â)¹ (} 102 ú¹ ) 1962 x~ }( ÂÊ)¹ (} 117 ú¹ ) 1962 (x~ Ã)ü} ³¹ (} 118 ú¹ ) 9 B. 宪法和法律框架 } 36 ú x Çj t Žnq Âé ~ p ¼ t oø ~ Í ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ { l ¼ fqvé ƒv v ~ Í ²q l ¼ fqvé ƒxö ¹ ¹ Ì z º µéqº xv ¹ qüè Ì { À µœµé j ºƒ Í ²Ÿfqú z q o ÿù Êqü ÁÈ Ùp Ãt z È ¼ ¹ r x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 Í š x ~ ä Ì Â¹ (ICESCR) ¼ ùéóq µé { Ã À Í v ¹ r ²n 11 ~ÙÚ v ¹ q ¼ Ã Í 12 GE

4 4. µ Ì ~(CRC)p 2003 ÙÚ Í É v ¼ ¹}ü µ Ì¹ ² Å ~ Í ¹Å º ³ xžv ¼ f ¹ qñê r q 13 C. 体制和人权结构 5. Ž Í ² t Âé ~(ICC) ùq t 14 x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 ÙÚ Í ØñÊ fh q t ««² Ét 15 µ Ì ~(CRC) t oø ~k Ç t oø ~o ~ µér ŠŒrn ( µë)ÿˆ Ç y Í }ü ØñÊ 17 D. 政策措施 7. µ Ì ~(CRC)p 2003 Í Í q p Ì qµ } r µ Ì¹ f ± Ì 18 ~ µ q Ìr(} 3 ) µ q (} 12 )qñê ƒj É µ rº q } f Í ³²odnt ŸÙ Ê( ) g¹ Í 20 4 GE

5 二. 实际增进和保护人权的情况 ¾ 21 A. 与人权机制的合作 1. qü Ãy ~(CERD) x~ ä Ì ~ (CESCR) t oø ~ (HR Committee) Ã ~(CEDAW) y Ê ~ (CAT) µ Ì ~ (CRC) ot Ì¹ (CRPD) j Ñ Ê Ñ Îý Ç { Ê ã Ë Ž} 3 ÉÌŽ ³ r } 5 p 2010 r Ž ³ r } 3 p 2013 r - Ë Ž 2005 ³ r Ë Ž 2007 ³ r } 2 Ž} 4 Ž 2008 ³ r - Ë p 2010 r 9. t oø ~p 2008 Í Í ü q g rº³ q žçoù gìz qü Ñ ½r r ~ Å í/ à ÐÀ { ¼ ý Í ö² h Ù { 23 Í }gìz {Ø««töÇq 16 { Áífq{ { 24 GE

6 3. t oøî Øo qü 10. Í p ýt Î Ø(OHCHR) o«ù B. 履行国际人权义务的情况 1. } 11. x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 Ç i f¹å q É q 27 t oø ~ºÉq ý y xö } x Ÿ qkn ŸÊp ¹ Ì } fq ft { i ~ g rºkn y Ê Äxv º } ¹Å²n ~ Í f¹åy q vêçrð p ft { i q ùœ x Ÿ q kn x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 n fˆn ü ym } ŸxºÉ g Â qçéùœ x~ ä Ì Â¹ v qüè Ìqs 29 µ Ì ~(CRC)p 2003 Í Ø Ù v º~± ¼q µ s µ Ì¹ q É Ì Ú ¹ ŸÁÈ ~p 2009 Í 1990 q } 141 ú ³² ÈÍ ÚÄ otö ýšd ˆ ot Ú Ø 31 t oø ~ ² o ºqüÁÈ q }ö ²qö ˆ Í xp 2008 Âo ot Ì¹ öº { l t oø ~ Í tù Ç t ùý Ã o q Â v Íº q ¼ f ² ~ Í Ã²È m t Žn ¹ 15. Šü tø 2008 q { Ç Í p Âo Â q (â )q Ê ²Ÿo ü g tˆ g Žn ö³ t Ø ˆ 34 t oø ~ g o f o Êo Ÿ f â ³ ² «Ù Ù öº q ~ Í Çú É Çüy q p Ìq â q ý g«k Ù xöˆ Íº Ì 35 6 GE

7 16. Ú ~p 2006 Í Ê xö 2002 } 61 ú y t²ÿ ÒÏ y Ã«²ö«êµ µ ê µ Í xö ²ÚÙ 36 µ Ì ~(CRC)p 2003 º q µ q z iºƒ 37 ~ u{ µ ÁÈq «³z u{ u Í ¹ÅŸÙ Ê npèâ ö È µ z â ý x~ Ø ~² Í ƒˆq«å Î ²Ù ú 17. t oø ~ Í ºp¹ Ì Ã q} 93 ú x ³² Í ² ~ d ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ Çú µ q¹åq Êo t oø ~ºÉq «Ù Êq ùœ~âv w «qÿ í q Ø ~ Í Ã ú Ìr «Ùq{ À y Ùq Ì Ãy m 19. x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 Í f q iÿxºé ~ Ç ² i Ãoês voês oqüy q Ù â « µ Ì ~(CRC)p 2003 Ÿxº» ÅùŒ Ÿg ~ Ç q d Ÿ»µ qsmf { ²qµ u ºsmf ~ Í o²qµ ùœu ºsmf q Ì ~²ÙÚ Í Â 1993 ºp» Å µ ²Ÿ ü q f¹ 42 x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2008 ² Í Ø ¹ zžn Žn xžn Ä~Žn xö¹º m õ 21 zžnáègì 2008 p t Ã(ECHR) Í Buscarini ºwt Í qeü t ² Í º ~ È xx qyçl Œ Š gì Ç Ã n t yçl }p ef ²xŸ ² }ü t Žn¹ } 9 ( Žn) t oø ~ Ê } ( ü )q²n ùœå Ÿxº f ü qo ²Ÿ ÌqŸg g Êogˆ ~ Í º Ê ˆ üè üy q ü A/HRC/WG.6/7/SMR/2 GE

8 ƒå eq Ÿ² ³ gêogˆq }ü ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ t oø ~ Í } 15 ú x} ùœ²ÿ ¾o Ù ² g À v x} Ÿxº 16 Ž 60 q Í ¹ ùœ º qiø ~ ˆ º q Ì Í v ˆ º q ƒ Ú Í Î Šü úq«ÿ ~fq ƒn 2005 q 16.7%ÂŽ 2009 q 15% ¹ z 25. x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 ng ÈÁ üü ÍºÉ ²yüüùŒ Ä s ¹ Ìq z 48 ~ Í «Ä ö g üü q z Ú ~p 2009 Í Í Ç 1981 } 40 ú npà qšøé Í nn ºü Â ~ g v v²qºü Â ÿk²np ± «üq ~ Í Ç{ Ú ü ü ¹ no} 40 ú qú Ÿ À ~² Áo n yšøé ö v nq Â «q d ƒ ~ n voq qz Ú ~p 2006 Í 2002 } 1 úà dø ¹ Â 18 q tvoÿ g ÎÉÃq 51 Ú ~ Í g qè º «º j ùœ ±tÿ ¹ ³ q Ì o Ê q x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 Í } 42 ú q q u {qå Ã qx~yìi ž Ã d À q dÿ«53 ~ Í u{ ÿ ùœ ºx~ Ã Í xv Å Ÿ Ã q qx~ Ãi 54 Ú ~p 2009 Í Í q t Ø ~ «â ÌÉÊq ÚØ f tq À Ê q ² d Šd Å ~ ³ Éy x~ç } q x~ Ã ² m Â 29. x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 ÍºÉq x~» qè g» È qm 56 ~ÙÚ Í Îr n z «q «gì x~» xv» È qm 57 8 GE

9 30. ºpµ Å ³qÁÈ µ Ì ~(CRC) Í Ø ºgÌq x À² ÁÈ Ÿ qm x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 ÙÚ Í Â o / o õøx~q äm 32. Ú ~p 2006 Í ¹ Ì } 11 üf ÌqiØ ««np«ù Í dqt k Í Í 16 x µ iø ˆƒ t 33. t oø ~ Í Í Ÿx ¼ { y / q ˆƒ ~ Ç v { ¼ ÿ y ˆƒ º f } oè o ÁÈ ~Ÿx g ¹p² qz Û º ¼ ÿ y ˆƒ r d ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ }pè q yˆƒq Ì z Ä 34. t oø ~ Í 16%q Í º ž Íº q ty Â ¹ «ížà k Ë rº È n ƒ p ý ƒ ² ƒ 30 ý Ä ~q À ~ Ãè ž À ~ Í u{à ¹ «ÅŠ À² ÁÈ ³Íq Â Ä x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR)p 2007 Í ³²q} 84 ú f ö º ~ 63 t oø ~ Í} 84 ú ³² vºéq rð x ey ü À f äqµ Œ ¹ «f ä ù qµ 18 Œ ¹ «~ Í xv µ f { q Í ºƒ v µ s ¹ «q } Ì ºf ö ² ù t ö 36. t oø ~ºÉq Èg ºp Ç gi ± zå u¼ r Ùq q} 28 ú xf Ãy qâíq v v ~ Í x}ü ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ } è q ²n x v vý{ ºpg rq ²Ÿq(n ){ q µ}ü ¹ ù Í v ºö ÿš A/HRC/WG.6/7/SMR/2 GE

10 ¹ko~} 1373(2001)úÀ q ¹}ü ¹ gì v ² Å³²q unps p gigˆqˆÿ 65 三. 四. 成绩最佳做法挑战和制约因素 37. x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR) p 2007 Ç ² ƒ Í Í 80%qtø º ƒqƒ êµ 66 µ Ì ~ CRC p 2003 «Í Ãe oqµ oµ µ p ³ 67 国家重要优先事项举措和承诺后续行动的具体建议 38. t oø ~p Í i¼ ~ x ÁÈ q Ÿ À fh Ír ¹ Ì Ì Â¹ Ìq Çú f¹åqö 68 Ž ~ Íý 五. 能力建设与技术援助 39. x~ ä Ì ~(CESCR) Í ÇÙ dè ö r 2015 ið º mr q 0.7%npö Ù 69 1 Unless indicated otherwise, the status of ratifications of instruments listed in the table may be found in Multilateral Treaties Deposited with the Secretary-General: Status as at 31 December 2006 (ST/LEG/SER.E.25), supplemented by the official website of the United Nations Treaty Collection database, Office of Legal Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, treaties.un.org/ 2 The following abbreviations have been used for this document: ICERD ICESCR OP-ICESCR ICCPR ICCPR-OP 1 ICCPR-OP 2 CEDAW OP-CEDAW CAT OP-CAT International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Optional Protocol to ICESCR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Optional Protocol to ICCPR Second Optional Protocol to ICCPR, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Optional Protocol to CEDAW Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment Optional Protocol to CAT 10 GE

11 CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child OP-CRC-AC Optional Protocol to CRC on the involvement of children in armed conflict OP-CRC-SC Optional Protocol to CRC on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography ICRMW International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families CRPD Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities OP-CRPD Optional Protocol to Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities CED International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance 3 Adopted by the General Assembly in its resolution 63/117 of 10 December 2008, in which the General Assembly recommended that a signing ceremony be organized in Article 17, para. 1, of OP-ICDESC states that The present Protocol is open for signature by any State that has signed, ratified or acceded to the Covenant 4 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol, 1954 Convention relating to the status of Stateless Persons and 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. 6 Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field (First Convention); Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea (Second Convention); Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (Third Convention); Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (Fourth Convention); Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I); Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II); Protocol additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Adoption of an Additional Distinctive Emblem (Protocol III). For the official status of ratifications, see Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland, at 7 International Labour Organization Convention No. 29 concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour; Convention No.105 concerning the Abolition of Forced Labour, Convention No. 87 concerning Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize; Convention No. 98 concerning the Application of the Principles of the Right to Organize and to Bargain Collectively; Convention No. 100 concerning Equal Remuneration for Men and Women Workers for Work of Equal Value; Convention No. 111 concerning Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation; Convention No. 138 concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment; Convention No. 182 concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour. 8 Concluding observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC/C/15/Add. 214), para Concluding observations of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (E/C.12/SMR/CO/4), para Concluding observations of the Human Rights Committee (CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2), para E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para Ibid., para CRC/C/15/Add. 214, para For the list of national human rights institutions with accreditation status granted by the International Coordinating Committee of National Institutions for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights (ICC), see A/HRC/10/55, annex I. 15 E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para CRC/C/15/Add. 214, para. 8; CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para. 6. GE

12 18 CRC/C/15/Add. 214, para Ibid., para See GA resolution A/RES/59/113B, 14 July 2005 and HRC resolution A/HRC/RES/6/24, 28 September See also letters from the High Commissioner for Human Rights dated 9 January 2006 and 10 December 2007, see (accessed on 21 August 2009). 21 The following abbreviations have been used for this document: CESCR Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights HR Committee Human Rights Committee CRC Committee on the Rights of the Child 22 CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para The questionnaires included in this section are those which have been reflected in an official report by a special procedures mandate holder. 24 See (a) report of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children (E/CN.4/2006/62) and the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (E/CN.4/2006/67), joint questionnaire on the relationship between trafficking and the demand for commercial sexual exploitation sent in July 2005; (b) report of the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (A/HRC/4/31), questionnaire on the sale of children s organs sent in July 2006; (c) report of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children (A/HRC/4/23), questionnaire on issues related to forced marriages and trafficking in persons sent in 2006; (d) report of the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants (A/HRC/4/24), questionnaire on the impact of certain laws and administrative measures on migrants sent in 2006; (e) report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to education (A/HRC/4/29), questionnaire on the right to education of persons with disabilities sent in 2006; (f) report of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises (A/HRC/4/35/Add.3), questionnaire on human rights policies and management practices; (g) report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people (A/HRC/6/15), questionnaire on the human rights of indigenous people sent in August 2007; (h) report of the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (A/HRC/7/8), questionnaire on assistance and rehabilitation programmes for child victims of sexual exploitation sent in July 2007; (i) report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to education (A/HRC/8/10), questionnaire on the right to education in emergency situations sent in 2007; (j) report on the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children (A/HRC/10/16 AND Corr.1), questionnaire on trafficking in persons, especially women and children; (k) report of the independent expert on the question of human rights and extreme poverty to the eleventh session of the HRC (June 2009) (A/HRC/11/9), questionnaire on Cash Transfer Programmes, sent in October 2008; (l) report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to education (June 2009) (A/HRC/11/8), questionnaire on the right to education for persons in detention; (m) report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, (June 2009) (A/HRC/11/6), questionnaire on violence against women and political economy; (n) report of the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences (A/HRC/12/21), questionnaire on national legislation and initiatives addressing the issue of bonded labour.; (o) report of the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (A/HRC/12/23), questionnaire on measures to prevent and combat online child pornography; (p) report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to food to the twelfth session of the Council (A/HRC/12/31), questionnaire on world food and nutrition security. 25 OHCHR 2008 Report, Activities and results, p. 174 and OHCHR 2009 Report, Activities and results (forthcoming) 27 E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para CRC/C/15/Add. 214, para. 13 (a). 12 GE

13 31 ILO Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations, Individual Direct Request concerning Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111), 2009, doc. No. (ILOLEX) SMR111, para CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para Ibid., para UNFPA Global Population Policy Update, 23 October 2008, available at: BC5169B5AC28FA843?newsLId=6866 (accessed on 11 November 2009) 35 CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para ILO Committee of Experts, Individual Direct Request concerning Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182), Geneva, 2006, doc. No. (ILOLEX) SMR182, para CRC/C/15/Add. 214, para Ibid., para CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para Ibid., para E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para CRC/C/15/Add. 214, paras E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para A/63/161, para CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para Ibid., para United Nations Statistics Division coordinated data and analyses, available at (accessed on 9 October 2009). 48 E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para Ibid., para ILO Committee of Experts, Individual Direct Request concerning Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 (No. 100). Geneva, 2009, doc. No. (ILOLEX) SMR100, para ILO Committee of Experts, Individual Direct Request concerning Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182), Geneva, 2006, doc. No. (ILOLEX) SMR182, para Ibid., para E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para Ibid., para ILO Committee of Experts, Individual Direct Request concerning Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111), 2009, doc. No. (ILOLEX) SMR111, para E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para Ibid., para CRC/C/15/Add. 214, para E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para ILO Committee of Experts, Individual Direct Request concerning Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182), Geneva, 2006, doc. No. (ILOLEX) SMR182, para CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para Ibid., para E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para Ibid., para E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para CRC/C/15/Add. 214, para. 3 (b). 68 CCPR/C/SMR/CO/2, para. 19. E/C.12/SMR/CO/4, para. 18. GE

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untitled 联合国大会 Distr.: General 10 August 2010 Chinese Original: English 人权理事会 ³ }¹ ~ 2010 11 1 Ž 12 ¼m 人权事务高级专员办事处根据人权理事会第 5/1 号决议附件第 15(b) 段汇编的资料蒙古 o gìz f ±q º«(â q ) xöºwrºqšü z ±«ÃŠü t oøî Øo (t Î Ø) ö q