(10) 苷 (7, 10) (Mikania cordata) (M. micrantha Kunth (7, 10, 13,16) 8~32 12~ ~32 (5) (1)

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1 2003 ( ) (Mikania micrantha) (Mikania cordata) 8~32 12~ ~32 68% 25%3.5% ph5.5~ mpa 2.5 5~ , % 80% 2,4-D 90% 20 92~98%

2 (10) 苷 (7, 10) (Mikania cordata) (M. micrantha Kunth (7, 10, 13,16) 8~32 12~ ~32 (5) (1)

3 (4, 11, 18) ph5.5~ ~ ( ) (5)

4 114 Mikania cordata Mikania micrantha length of vine (cm/pot) dry weight (g/pot) (a) (c) leaf number (No./pot) (b) (d) Fig. 1. Length of vine (a), dry weight (b), leaf number(c), and leaf area(d) of Mikania cordata and M. micrantha by vertical bar indicates standard error of the associated mean value. Factors were separate investigated in green house. Each data point and the associated standard error derived from data on five replicates of testing unit. Both Mikania were raised in green house under similar conditions during May to August, (16, 19) (10)

5 115 (8, 9) 50% 100% ( ) 80%

6 116 Table 1. Effects of pre-emergence herbicides on Mikania pot test. Herbicide Rate Control (%) (kg ai/ha) Mikania cordata Mikania micrantha atrazine butachlor dimethenamid dinitramine diuron metazachlor metribuzin oxadiazon oxyfluorfen pendimethalin S-metolachlor LSD (0.05) Herbicides were applied at 7 days after planting of seeds. Data on fresh weight was collected at 28 days after herbicide application (DAA). Control % based data on fresh weight.

7 ,4-D 2,4-D 77% 86% 45 ( ) 5~7 2,4-D 2,4-D (sulfonylurea) ,4-D ( )

8 118 Table 2. Effects of post-emergence herbicides on Mikania in pot test at TACTRI Wufeng. Herbicide Rate (kg ai/ha) Control (%) Mikania cordata Mikania micrantha 2,4-D , bentazon flazasulfuron fluroxypyr glufosinate glyphosate imazapyr imazosulfuron MSMA paraquat pyrazosulfuron triclopyr LSD (0.05) Injury was rated visually at 30 days after application (DAA) on a scale of 0=no injury and 10=dead. Data on fresh weight was collected at 45 DAA. Control % based data on fresh weight.

9 119 Table 3. Effects of post-emergence herbicides on established Mikania micrantha in field tests at Wufeng. Herbicides Rate Fresh weight(g/m 2 ) Control(%) (ai kg/ha) test1 test2 test1 test2 check fluroxypyr glufosinate glyphosate paraquat LSD Data on fresh weight was collected at 21 days after herbicide application. Control % based data on fresh weight. (5,9) 0.15

10 120 4 ~ Mikania micrantha H.B.K. 8(1) htm (6) (4)( ) (Mikania micrantha Kunth) 23(2) RAPD-PCR 44: (2) (2) (Mikania micrantha Kunth) 44: Brecke, B. J Wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla) germination and

11 121 emergence. Weed Science. 43: Holm, L., Pancho, J. V., Herberger, J. P., and Plucknett, D.L The world s worst weeds: Distribution and biology. Univ. Hawaii Press, 610 pp. 13. Holm, L., Pancho, J. V., Herberger, J. P., and Plucknett, D. L A geographical atlas of world weeds. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 391 pp. 14. Holmes, W. C The Genus Mikania (Compositae: Eupatorieae) in the Greater Antitles. Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Inc. 15. Holmes, W. C A review preparatory to an infrageneric classification of Mikania (Tribe: Eupatorieae). In D. J. N. Hind, C. Jeffrey and G. V. Pope [eds.] Advances in Compositae Systematices. pp Royal Botanic Gardens. Kew. 16. Horak, M. J Growth analysis of four Amaranthus species. Weed Science 48: IUCN, 2002, 100 of the world s worst invasive alien species McDonald, G. E., Brecke, B. J., and Shilling, D. G Factors affecting germination of dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium) and yankeeweed (Eupatorium compositifolium). Weed Science 40: Steinmaus S. J., and Norris, R. F Growth analysis and canopy architecture of velvetleaf grown under light conditions representative of irrigated Mediterranean-type agroecosystems. Weed Science 50: Conference The Harmful Effect and Field Management of Mikania micrantha, p , WSSROC.

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