focused on the Yuan Ming and Qing literature. Address East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai China. 1

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1 com 11BZW Title The Conflicts between Elegance and Vulgarity Leng Qian Prosody and the Changes of Rites and Music in the Ming Dynasty Abstract Like the exterior and interior relations the retro thoughts trend in literature shared a mutual interdependence with the retro trend on music in Confucian classicism. Song Lian initiated the literature of Ming while Leng Qian pioneered the musicology correspondingly. Song Lian and his followers' esteem for Leng Qian directly represented the retro thoughts of contemporary scholarofficials and their musicology ideas to reform the world with ancient music. In terms of literature they canonized the harmony of music and poetry exemplified in The Book of Songs and Song Lian further denied the validity of poetry afterwards. Eventually the Hongwu ruling period saw a restoration of order with northern music which was a legacy of the Jin and Yuan dynasties. And then Song Lian was sentenced to death by the emperor and Leng Qian became secluded leaving his prosody to fade out. The retro thoughts trend on music revived after the Zhengde and Jiajing periods with recurrent debates on the Da Sheng prosody and Leng Qian prosody. The phenomenon actually was a re-examination of the popularizing process and changes related to music after the fall of the Northern Song dynasty even after Emperor Xuanzong in the Tang dynasty who had promoted greatly the imperial music academy. Meanwhile it was also the restructuring of Northern and Southern music after the Song dynasty corresponding with the retro thoughts in literature in the North and South at the time. Keywords Leng Qian prosody the retro thoughts trend on music in the Yuan and Ming dynasties enacting of rites and music literature in the North and South Author Li Shunhua Ph. D. is a professor in the Department of Chinese at East China Normal University with research 91

2 focused on the Yuan Ming and Qing literature. Address East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai China. shunhuali@ 163. com The article is supported by the Social Sciences Fund of China No. 11BZW060 and the Ancient Books Arrangement Committee Project for National Universities No

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11 He Qiaoyuan. 381 Dynasty. Integration of Fujian Literature. Series 1 Vol. 8. Yangzhou Jiangsu Yangzhou Ancient Books Publishing House Ji Huang. Imperially Endorsed Continuation of 7 Encyclopedia of the Historical Records. Facsimile Reprint of the Wenyuan Library Edition of The Complete Collections of the Four Treasures. Vol Taipei Taiwan Commercial Press Li Shunhua. Rites and Music and Theatre in the Early and Mid Ming Dynasty. Shanghai Shanghai Ancient Books 8 Publishing House Li Zhizao. A History of the Sacrificial Rites and Music in the Confucius Temple. Series of Rare Books in The Jia 9 Collection of The Original National Library of Peking. Vol Beijing Chinese National Library 1551 Press 瑏瑡 Liu Ji. Collection of Cheng Yi Bo. Facsimile Reprint of the Wenyuan Library Edition of The Complete Collections of 1865 the Four Treasures. Vol Taipei Taiwan 瑏瑢 40 Commercial Press 瑏瑣 22 瑏瑤 Ni Zan. Discursive Notes of Qingxi. Integration of Hangzhou Literature. Vol. 22. Hangzhou Hangzhou 197 Press Works Cited Chen Mo. Haisang Collection. Facsimile Reprint of the Wenyuan Library Edition of The Complete Collections of the Four Treasures. Vol Taipei Taiwan Commercial Press Gao Qi. Collection of Gao Qingqiu. Shanghai Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House A Private Compiled History of the Ming Shen Jiyou. Zuili Poetry Collection. Facsimile Reprint of the Wenyuan Library Edition of the Complete Collections of the Four Treasures. Vol Taipei Taiwan Commercial Press Shen Zengzhi. Collection of Hairi House. Beijing Zhonghua Book Company Song Lian. Complete Works of Song Lian. Beijing People's Literature Publishing House

12 Sun Chengze. Record of a Remembered Dream of the Capital. Beijing Beijing Ancient Books Publishing House Tang Shu. Guo Chen Collection. The New Integration of Series of Books. Vol Taipei Shin Wen Feng Publishing House Zhang Yuchu. Xian Spring Collection. The Taoist 2003 Scriptures. Vol. 33. Beijing Historical Relic Publishing Wang Qi. Literary Biographies Continued. The House Shanghai Shanghai Bookstore Publishing Continuation of The Complete Collection of the Four House Tianjin Tianjin Ancient Books Publishing Treasuries. Shanghai Shanghai Ancient Books House Publishing House Wu Lai. Collection of Wu Lai. Changchun Jilin Literature and History Publishing House Wu Sidao. A Collection of Works from Spring Grass Studio. Facsimile Reprint of the Wenyuan Library Edition of The Complete Collections of the Four Treasures. Vol Taipei Taiwan Commercial Press Yun Lu Zhang Zhao et al. Imperially Approved Standard Interpretation of Music Theory Sequel. Rare Edition Series of The Imperial Palace. Vol. 29. Haikou Hainan Press Zhang Tingyu et al History Of the Ming Dynasty. Beijing Zhonghua Book Company Zhu Zaiyu. The Quintessential Significance of the Standard Pitchpipes. Beijing The People ' s Music Publishing House Complete Compendium of Music and Pitch. Facsimile Reprint of the Wenyuan Library Edition of The Complete Collections of the Four Treasures. Vol Taipei Taiwan Commercial Press

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